九龙江口桐花树红树林对重金属的吸收与累积

探讨了福建九龙江口桐花树红树林对ＣＵ、Ｐｈ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｄ、Ｍｎ元素的吸收、累积及分布．结果表明：该林地土壤５种元素的储量关系为Ｍｎ＞Ｚｎ＞Ｐｈ＞ＣＵ≥Ｃｄ；植物体不同部位，各元素含量有着明显的差异，含量范围分别为Ｃｈ１．５１～５．７０、Ｐｂ１．３０～１０．７０、Ｚｎ１８．０～１００．１、Ｃｄ０．０４～０．２３和Ｍｎ１５．５～２３７．５（ｗ／１０－６）；植物对土壤元素的富集系数大小依次为Ｃｄ＞Ｚｎ＞Ｍｎ＞Ｃｕ＞Ｐｈ；群落现存生物量中，ＣＵ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｄ、Ｍｎ元素的现存累积量分别为１６．５６、６３．３０、４４５．０５、１．１４和１６５６．９３（ρＡ／ｍｇ·ｍ－２）．其中，地下部分别占７０．２％、８１．８％、７６．２％、７２．２％和８２．１％；林地残留物相应元素的储量分别为２１１．１１、１８４．００、１９４１．６９、６．１９和２２２４８．３１（ρＡ／μｇ·ｍ－２）．     

广东坡地红壤颗粒组成状况的研究──Ⅱ.土壤颗粒组成的空间分异

讨论了广东坡地红壤类土壤颗粒组成的空间分异现象,阐述了岩性、地形条件、水文动力学对颗粒组成空间分布的影响,指出地形条件、水动力学作用对广东坡地红壤类土壤颗粒组成的影响,在很大程度上是由广东所处区域的生物气候条件决定的。     

Characteristics of Carbonaceous Aerosol at Taichung Harbor, Taiwan during Summer and Autumn Period of 2005

In recent years, suspended particle pollution has become a serious problem in Taiwan. The carbonaceous materials EC and OC are play important roles in various atmospheric processes. The primary OC/EC ratio approach is applied to assess the contribution of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) to the PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ mass at the Taichung harbor sampling site. The results indicated that the average EC and OC concentration were 1.06 and 6.50 μg m⁻³, respectively, in fine particulate. And the average EC and OC concentration were 4.04 and 40.32 μg m⁻³, respectively, in coarse particulate at Taichung Harbor sampling site. In addition, and the average EC/OC rations was 8.72 in fine particle, respectively, at Taichung Harbor, Taiwan during summer and autumn period of 2005. The fine particle exhibited high particulate concentrations in October, and lower concentration particulate occurred in August. And in this study OC and EC concentrations in this study are compared with those in other cities. The results of EC and OC concentration in this study are also compare with those other cities.     

基于专利视角的中国大气环保产业技术创新能力研究

根据2000—2018年中国大气污染治理技术专利数据,采用专利分析法,从产出趋势、领域分布、空间分布、申请人等方面研究中国大气环保产业技术创新能力。结果表明:中国大气环保产业技术创新能力稳步提升,尤其是《大气污染防治行动计划》等规划和政策的实施有力推动了大气环保产业技术创新;近年来,袋式除尘、室内空气净化、有机废气处理等行业技术产出能力增势明显;大气环保产业技术创新能力呈东高西低的分布格局,技术创新产出主要集中在长江三角洲、珠江三角洲等地区;大气环保产业技术创新主体是企业,但技术创新能力明显不及美国、日本、德国的巨头企业。提出推动我国大气环保产业技术创新能力提升的对策建议,即形成大气环保产业技术创新政策驱动力,扶持大气环保民营企业,促进产学研深入协作。     

Characteristics of plankton Hg bioaccumulations based on a global data set and the implications for aquatic systems with aggravating nutrient imbalance

• Hg bioaccumulation by phytoplankton varies among aquatic ecosystems. • Active Hg uptake may exist for the phytoplankton in aquatic ecosystems. • Impacts of nutrient imbalance on food chain Hg transfer should be addressed. The bioaccumulation of mercury (Hg) in aquatic ecosystem poses a potential health risk to human being and aquatic organism. Bioaccumulations by plankton represent a crucial process of Hg transfer from water to aquatic food chain. However, the current understanding of major factors affecting Hg accumulation by plankton is inadequate. In this study, a data set of 89 aquatic ecosystems worldwide, including inland water, nearshore water and open sea, was established. Key factors influencing plankton Hg bioaccumulation (i.e., plankton species, cell sizes and biomasses) were discussed. The results indicated that total Hg (THg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in plankton in inland waters were significantly higher than those in nearshore waters and open seas. Bioaccumulation factors for the logarithm of THg and MeHg of phytoplankton were 2.4–6.0 and 2.6–6.7 L/kg, respectively, in all aquatic ecosystems. They could be further biomagnified by a factor of 2.1–15.1 and 5.3–28.2 from phytoplankton to zooplankton. Higher MeHg concentrations were observed with the increases of cell size for both phyto- and zooplankton. A contrasting trend was observed between the plankton biomasses and BAF_MeHg, with a positive relationship for zooplankton and a negative relationship for phytoplankton. Plankton physiologic traits impose constraints on the rates of nutrients and contaminants obtaining process from water. Nowadays, many aquatic ecosystems are facing rapid shifts in nutrient compositions. We suggested that these potential influences on the growth and composition of plankton should be incorporated in future aquatic Hg modeling and ecological risk assessments.     

高温固硫反应中锶化合物的促进作用

本文论述了锶化合物在高温燃烧条件下固硫反应的促进作用，通过Ｘ－射线粉晶衍射及扫描电镜的研究，证明形成含硫酸钙的复合盐的生成是提高固硫率的关键，用该方法制成的工业型煤，在实际锅炉中试烧其固硫率可达７０％，是烟气排烟脱硫的有效方法之一，对净化大气，减少污染有现实意义。     

Review of recycling performance indicators: A study on collection rate in Taiwan

The Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (Taiwan EPA) launched a national Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) system after integrating eight private recycling organizations in 1998. After that, the environmental performance of the EPR system brought a lot of attention to policy makers. Many studies show positive environmental effects of the EPR system in Taiwan. However, there are controversial questions remained, such as whether the performance indicators used are the right choice to estimate the environmental effects of the recycling policy? Can those estimated results really reflect the performance of the system?This paper would therefore like to more accurately evaluate the performance indicators of the EPR system based on data observed over the past decade in Taiwan. In the process of evaluating the performance indicators, we have found that the collection rates for durable goods are often ignored in countries that pursue a zero waste policy. This may affect the actual recycling outcome and resource direction targeted by producers. However, in order for the collection rate to be adopted as a policy indicator, how to estimate the amounts of retired or waste products during a period is critical. In this paper, we estimate the collection rate for electrical and electronic waste by using the survival analysis and ownership data analysis approaches. We also provide a comparison of both approaches and put forward suggestions for directions in the future in solid waste management.     

2种野生植物砾石基质系统净化生活污水

以北水苦荬和巴天酸模2种本地野生植物为研究对象,通过构建小型砾石基质污水净化系统,研究其在不同运行时间下对生活污水的净化效果,并对各指标去除率进行Pearson相关性分析,探讨野生植物用于人工湿地的可行性。经过30 d的实验研究表明：对照组、北水苦荬组和巴天酸模组对生活污水中COD平均去除率分别为52.1%、55.8%、56.6%;对NH3-N平均去除率分别为38.2%、43.6%、45.0%;对TN平均去除率分别为37.3%、42.9%、42.6%;对TP平均去除率分别为42.5%、45.6%、46.2%。各指标间去除率在湿地单元中表现出不同的相关性。     

中试鸟粪石流化床反应器回收污泥强化厌氧释磷上清液中的磷及产品分析

为了探究鸟粪石结晶成粒技术在实际工程中的应用效果及回收的鸟粪石产品作为缓释肥的可能性,利用大规模中试鸟粪石流化床反应器(25 mr3·d-1)处理天津市某污泥厂污泥强化厌氧释磷上清液,探究不同培养时间下鸟粪石结晶成粒情况并系统分析收获的鸟粪石颗粒品质.结果表明,在反应周期内,磷回收率达到95％,鸟粪石颗粒平均粒径随反应...     

基于面板数据的研发投入对区域经济增长影响分析

利用长江经济带110个地市1990~2013年RD投入与经济增长水平的相关面板数据,通过单位根检验、协整性检验和面板数据模型,对RD经费投入和人员投入与区域经济增长的影响进行了分析。结果表明:1长江经济带各市的经济增长与RD投入存在长期稳定的关系,RD短期投入对区域经济增长的影响则存在着一定的滞后效应;2RD人员投入产出弹性高于RD经费投入,说明区域经济增长对RD人员的依赖性更大;3RD投入表现出东部地区高于中部地区,中部地区高于西部地区,但RD投入对区域经济增长的影响则表现出中西部大于东部的现象,造成这一现象的原因在于所处发展阶段的不同和东中西区域经济特征不同。最后,从加大RD经费投入强度、制定RD投入中长期计划等方面提出了促进区域经济增长的建议。