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931.
Ma. Laurice Jamero Motoharu Onuki Miguel Esteban Nicholson Tan 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(8):2249-2260
Community-based adaptation (CBA) seeks to address climate risks and socio-economic drivers of vulnerability simultaneously. However, as CBA activities appear very similar to standard development work, difficulties in identifying good practices arise. To clarify the role of CBA, this study elucidated how climate change can impact pre-existing development problems by investigating the experiences of four low-lying island communities in central Philippines. The islands currently suffer from frequent and extreme tidal flooding (following an earthquake-induced land subsidence in 2013, with a magnitude that is broadly similar to sea-level rise projections under a 1.5 to 2 °C global warming scenario), and endured a dry spell in 2016. The study also identified various publicly and privately initiated adaptation strategies, and evaluated their resilience against actual biophysical events. The study conducted focus group discussions with local leaders and in-depth interviews with government officials and residents in March 2016. Results show that tidal flooding impacted almost all aspects of daily life on the islands, while the dry spell completely depleted their limited water supplies. The strategies implemented by governments and NGOs (e.g., seawalls, rainwater collectors) were found to be inadequate in preventing tidal flooding and compensating for the dry spell. Also, communities used coral stones and plastic waste for raising the floors of their homes, which have an erosive effect on their capacity to adapt in the long term. Lack of community participation in publicly initiated projects and lack of adaptation funding for community-based strategies were the greatest obstacles to implementing climate-resilient solutions. 相似文献
932.
Urban ecological security dynamic analysis based on an innovative emergy ecological footprint method
Environment, Development and Sustainability - In China, with the rapid development of economy and the advancement of urbanization, the deterioration of urban ecological environment is obvious. In... 相似文献
933.
Rehman Abdul Ma Hengyun Ahmad Munir Ozturk Ilhan Chishti Muhammad Zubair 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(24):30702-30713
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Carbon dioxide emission and climatic variation have a detrimental influence on the atmosphere as well as on agriculture production. The key aim of the... 相似文献
934.
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936.
我国矿井空气预热最常用方法之一为空气加热器方法,这类系统在实际运行过程中存在一些问题。通过对酒泉某矿井预热方式分析,提出了此方法在空气设备选型及其布置形式和系统自动控制等方面的一些改进意见。 相似文献
937.
自建国以来,中国的地震工作从无到有,地震队伍在不断壮大,经历了一个漫长发展的历程。而2008年5月12日下午2时28分发生在汶川的8.0级特大地震,造成了重大的伤亡和经济损失,引起地震工作者们的认真反思:多年来的地震工作布局有什么不足之处,哪些需要改进?很多问题值得思考,本文仅就以下三方面做一个讨论。 相似文献
938.
Marek Roszko Krystyna Szymczyk Małgorzata Rzepkowska Renata Jędrzejczak 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(3):182-199
Various statistical methods have been employed to analyse in details seasonal diversification of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB)/polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) congener profiles found in butter fat. The variability of the PCB/PBDE congener profiles indicates the presence of various sources of the milk fat contamination. The obtained results suggest that the environmental chemical background has the highest share in the contamination sources pattern. Ion trap mass spectrometry coupled to high-resolution gas chromatography with semi-permeable membrane dialysis sample cleanup was used for determination of PCBs and PBDEs in milk fat. Determined butter fat PCB profiles were similar to the profiles characteristic for Aroclor 1254 technical mixture. Our data indicate that dietary intake of PCB/PBDE with milk and milk products may be estimated to be about 717.5 pg kg b.w.?1 day?1 for six-indicator PCBs, 0.329 (equivalent toxicity, TEQ) pg kg b.w.?1 day?1 for 12 DL PCBs and 50 pg kg b.w.?1 day?1 for PBDEs (sum of 14 congeners). 相似文献
939.
本文测定了甲黄隆,氯黄隆,苄嘧黄隆及其主要降解产物取代磺胺和取代氮杂环化合物的辛醇-水分配系数,研究了反相高效液相色谱容量因子、分子连接性指数、Leo碎片常数与分配系数间的相关关系,从而建立了估算磺酰类除草剂及其降解产物的疏水性方程。 相似文献
940.
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a promising sorbent for As removal. There are two main and physico-chemically distinct polymorphs of TiO2 in nature, namely anatase and rutile. Since the difference of arsenic removal by the two polymorphs of TiO2 is now well known, study on the arsenic removal efficiency and the underlying mechanism is of great significance in developing new remediation strategies for As-polluted waters. Here batch experiments were carried out in combination with instrumental analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the effects, influential factors and mechanisms of As removal from aqueous solution by two types of nano TiO2 crystals. The adsorption behavior of anatase and rutile for As(V) and As(III) are well described by Freundlich equations. Anatase had higher As removal efficiency and adsorption capacity than rutile. Solution pH had no influence on the As adsorption of anatase TiO2, whereas the As removal by rutile TiO2 was increased by 7?C18% with pH from 4 to 10. Presence of accompanying anions such as phosphate, silicate, nitrate and sulfate, decreased the As(V) and As(III) removal by both crystals, with phosphate being the most effective. However, removal of As by rutile TiO2 was greatly enhanced in the presence of divalent cations i.e. Ca2+ and Mg2+. Shading of light decreased the removal of As(V) and As(III) of anatase by 15.5% and 17.5%, respectively, while a slight increase of As removal was observed in the case of Rutile TiO2. FT-IR characterization of As(V) or As(III)-treated nano TiO2 crystals indicated that both Ti-O and As-O groups participated in As adsorption. Both FT-IR and XPS analysis demonstrated that As(III) was photooxidated into As(V) when adsorbed by anatase under the light condition. Thus, the effect of crystal types and light condition on As removal should be taken into consideration when nano TiO2 is applied for As removal from water. 相似文献