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91.
Juan Martinez-Gomez Oscar Burgara-Montero José M. Ponce-Ortega Fabricio Nápoles-Rivera Medardo Serna-González Mahmoud M. El-Halwagi 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2013,26(5):908-923
This paper presents a general mathematical programming model for the synthesis of distributed treatment systems for industrial effluents discharged to watersheds. In addition to addressing the economic and environmental concerns of the design, the paper introduces safety as an additional objective. A multi-objective optimization formulation is developed to simultaneously address and reconcile the various objectives. Material flow analysis (MFA) is used to track the flows and concentrations throughout the watershed system while accounting for the different sources (industrial, sanitary, agricultural, precipitation, etc.), extractions (agricultural, filtration, evaporation, etc.), and physical, biological, and chemical phenomena occurring within the watershed. Additionally, the formulation allows the installation of treatment systems for the industrial effluents. The economic, environmental, and safety aspects of these treatment units are incorporated. A case study with different scenarios for the Balsas watershed in Mexico is considered to show the applicability of the proposed approach. 相似文献
92.
The aim of the current work is to provide information on how to improve the productivity and quality in the Horizontal Continuous Casting process (HCC). After a first numerical 2D/3D survey about the solidification in the HCC, an experimental investigation has been carried out to validate numerical results. Some casting parameters have been measured and collected: inlet and outlet temperatures, flow rate, heat flux and casting temperature. The study results lead to a correlation between these casting parameters and the casting quality. To obtain the best quality for each alloy, a set of operating parameters has been proposed. There is a very good agreement between the current results and earlier numerical results. Also based on the results, one can gain an insight on the productions of each casting machine and the grades of its quality. 相似文献
93.
Mahdavian Seyed Mohammadreza Ahmadpour Borazjani Mahmoud Mohammadi Hamid Asgharipour Mohammad Reza Najafi Alamdarlo Hamed 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(35):52457-52472
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Iran’s agricultural production has expanded significantly in recent years. Environmental pollution caused by the use of energy and chemical... 相似文献
94.
Mostafa Islam Mohamed Nashwa Hashem Mohamed Basant Almeer Rafa Abulmeaty Mahmoud M. A. Bungau Simona G. El-Shazly Assem Mohamed Yahya Galal 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(18):26775-26791
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly growing pandemic that requires urgent therapeutic intervention. Finding potential anti COVID-19 drugs... 相似文献
95.
Sorption-desorption of cadmium in aqueous palygorskite, sepiolite, and calcite suspensions: isotherm hysteresis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sorption isotherms have been widely used to assess the heavy metal retention characteristics of soil particles. Desorption behavior of the retained metals, however, usually differ from that of sorption, leading to a lack of coincidence in the experimentally obtained sorption and desorption isotherms. In this study, we examine the nonsingularity of cadmium (Cd) sorption–desorption isotherms, to check the possible hysteresis and reversibility phenomena, in aqueous palygorskite, sepiolite and calcite systems. Sorption of Cd was carried out using a 24-h batch equilibration experiment with eight different Cd solution concentrations, equivalent to 20–100% of maximum sorption capacity of each mineral. Immediately after sorption, desorption took place using successive dilution method with five consecutive desorption steps. Both Cd sorption and desorption data were adequately described by Freundlich equation (0.81 < r2 < 0.99). The sorption and desorption reactions, however, did not provide the same isotherms, indicating that hysteresis occurred in Cd sorption–desorption processes. The extent of hysteresis was quantified based on the differences obtained from sorption and desorption isotherms regarding the amount of Cd sorbed, the Freundlich exponent, and the Cd distribution coefficient. The results revealed that, sepiolite possessed the most hysteretic behavior among the minerals studied. Calcite showed much smaller hysteresis compared to the other two silicate clays at low Cd surface load, but its hysteresis indices significantly increased, and exceeded that of palygorskite, as the amount of Cd in the systems increased. The average amount of Cd released after five desorption steps, was 13.8%, 2.2% and 3.6% for the palygorskite, sepiolite and calcite, respectively, indicating that a large portion of Cd was irreversibly retained by the minerals. 相似文献
96.
Elbatanony Mahmoud Attiaoui Imed Ali Ibrahim Mohamed Ali Nasser Nahla Tarchoun Monaem 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(35):48222-48235
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Despite the importance of remittance inflows as potential source of incomes for recipient households and one of main contributors to the development... 相似文献
97.
Ghaffari Sanaz Bakhtiari Alireza Riyahi Ghasempouri Seyed Mahmoud Nasrolahi Ali 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2019,26(25):25712-25724
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The Caspian Sea is the largest land-locked lake in the world that includes numerous endemic species. Because of its enclosed nature, the pollutants... 相似文献
98.
Maryam Mohammadnia Mahmoud Reza Sohrabi 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2020,55(4):293-300
AbstractIn the present work, dispersive micro-solid phase extraction (D-μ-SPE) method using magnetic graphene oxide tert-butylamine (GO/Fe3O4/TBA) nanocomposite, as an efficient sorbent, was applied for determining 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in water and food samples. Detection was carried out using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) instrument. Influential parameters of D-μ-SPE such as sorbent and its amount, elution solvent and its volume, adsorption and desorption times and pH of sample solution were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, limit of detection and quantitation values were 0.007 and 0.02?μg/mL, respectively. Recovery data for several real samples were obtained within the range of 88.0–94.0% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) less than 7.5%. The proposed method was successfully applied to quantitative determination of 2,4-D in several vegetables and water samples. 相似文献
99.
Mahmoud A. Saleh Alaa Kamel Awad A. Ragab Gamal El‐Baroty Abdel Moneim M. Afify Joseph Jones 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(3-4):429-444
Two hundred ninety‐two mother's milk samples were collected during 1994 from ten Egyptian governorates representing rural, metropolitan, and newly reclaimed desert areas. The samples were analyzed for 14 organochlorine insecticides and metabolites using electron capture gas chromatography and confirmed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The overall samples average showed that the most abundant organochlorine insecticide residues were p,p'‐DDE, α‐endosulfan, β‐HCH and, p,p’‐DDT. Residues in the range of not detectable to less than 14μg/l whole milk were recorded for α‐HCH, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin endrin aldehyde and p,p'‐DDD. The percentage of samples exceeding the acceptable daily intake for children (ADIs) set by the FAO/WHO ranged from 19% to 44% in all governorates included in the study except the governorate of Minia in which only 2.6% of the samples exceeded the ADI values. The insecticides exceeding ADI values are mostly heptachlor and heptaclor epoxide (ADI = 3.12 μg/1 whole milk). 相似文献
100.
Phytoaccumulation of heavy metals by aquatic plants 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
Three aquatic plants were examined for their ability to remove heavy metals from contaminated water: parrot feather (Myriophylhum aquaticum), creeping primrose (Ludwigina palustris), and water mint (Mentha aquatic). The plants were obtained from a Solar Aquatic System treating municipal wastewater. All the three plants were able to remove Fe, Zn, Cu, and Hg from the contaminated water. The average removal efficiency for the three plant species was 99.8%, 76.7%, 41.62%, and 33.9% of Hg, Fe, Cu, and Zn, respectively. The removal rates of zinc and copper were constant (0.48 mg/l/day for Zn and 0.11 mg/l/day for Cu), whereas those of iron and mercury were dependent on the concentration of these elements in the contaminated water and ranged from 7.00 to 0.41 mg/l/day for Fe and 0.0787 to 0.0002 mg/l/day for Hg. Parrot feather showed greater tolerance to toxicity followed by water mint and creeping primrose. The growth of creeping primrose was significantly affected by heavy metal toxicity. The selectivity of heavy metals for the three plant species was the same (Hg>Fe>Cu>Zn). The mass balance preformed on the system showed that about 60.45-82.61% of the zinc and 38.96-60.75% of the copper were removed by precipitation as zinc phosphate and copper phosphate, respectively. 相似文献