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只要有危害源就会存在一定的风险。由于生产过程的需要,高科技制造行业往往使用大量有毒、危险化学品,生产环境与生产设备也不同于传统产业,也因此,如何运用有效地环安卫(环境保护、工业安全、职业健康)风险管理机制来避免各种危害源可能对企业造成的负面冲击,以降低高科技行业营运过程可能遭遇的环安卫风险一直是高科技行业风险管理者所面临的挑战。本文将介绍如何以PDCA持续改善的架构来贯穿高科技行业环安卫风险管理流程与风险管理概念。 相似文献
534.
L. M. Mao M. J. Bergman C. C. Tai 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2002,38(5):1271-1285
ABSTRACT: Accurate estimates of evapotranspiration from areas dominated by wetland vegetation are needed in the water budget of the Upper St. Johns River Basin. However, local data on evapotranspiration rates, especially in wetland environments, were lacking in the project area. In response to this need, the St. Johns River Water Management District collected evapotranspiration field data in Fort Drum Marsh Conservation Area over the period 1996 through 1999. Three large lysimeters were installed to measure the evapotranspiration from different wetland environments: sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense), cattail (Typha domingensis), and open water. In addition, pan evaporation was measured with a standard class “A” pan. Concurrently, meteorological data including rainfall, solar radiation, wind speed, relative humidity, air temperature, and atmospheric pressure were collected. By comparing computed evapotranspiration rates with those measured in the lysimeters, parameters in the Penman‐Monteith, the Priestley‐Taylor, and Reference‐ET methods, and evaporation pan coefficients were estimated for monthly and seasonal cycles. The results from the data collected in this study show that mean monthly evapotranspiration rates, computed by the different methods, are relatively close. From a practical point of view, results indicate that the evaporation pan can be used equally well as the more complex and data‐intensive methods. This paper presents the measured evapotranspiration rates, evaporation pan coefficients, and the estimated parameter values for three different methods to compute evapotranspiration in the project area. Since local data on evaporation are often scarce or lacking, this information may be useful to watershed hydrologists for practical application in other project regions. 相似文献
535.
电力系统地震易损性研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
采用专家咨询方法研究了我国电力系统设施及功能的地震易损性,详细论述了所使用的方法及其步骤,给出了设施易损性和功能易损性的调查结果。数据的统计处理表明,这些结果可以用Logistic曲线得到很好的拟合。地震烈度的临界点出现在Ⅸ度与X度之间。本文的结果不但具有理论价值,而且具有应用价值。 相似文献
536.
试论保险公司的洪涝减灾对策 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
洪涝是危害极为严重的灾种之一,并正在日益加剧。它在给人民生命财产造成巨大损失的同时,也给保险经营构成严重威胁。作者在分析我国洪涝灾害特点和规律的基础上,从保险公司角度提出洪涝的防灾减灾对策,以求把洪涝灾害造成的损失减少到最低程度,实现社会效益和自身效益的双重目标。 相似文献
537.
Xiaoli Shan Jun Xu Yixue Li Feng Han Xiaohui Du Jingying Mao Yunbo Chen Youjiang He Fan Meng Xuezhi Dai 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(2):129-137
By aggregating MODIS(moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer) AOD(aerosol optical depth) and OMI(ozone monitoring instrument) UVAI(ultra violet aerosol index)datasets over 2010–2014, it was found that peak aerosol loading in seasonal variation occurred annually in spring over the Gulf of Tonkin(17–23°N, 105–110°E). The vertical structure of the aerosol extinction coefficient retrieved from the spaceborne lidar CALIOP(cloud-aerosol lidar with orthogonal polarization) showed that the springtime peak AOD could be attributed to an abrupt increase in aerosol loading between altitudes of 2 and 5 km.In contrast, aerosol loading in the low atmosphere(below 1 km) was only half of that in winter. Wind fields in the low and high atmosphere exhibited opposite transportation patterns in spring over the Gulf of Tonkin, implying different sources for each level. By comparing the emission inventory of anthropogenic sources with biomass burning, and analyzing the seasonal variation of the vertical structure of aerosols over the Northern Indo-China Peninsula(NIC), it was concluded that biomass burning emissions contributed to high aerosol loading in spring. The relatively high topography and the high surface temperature in spring made planetary boundary layer height greater than 3 km over NIC. In addition, small-scale cumulus convection frequently occurred, facilitating pollutant rising to over 3 km, which was a height favoring long-range transport. Thus, pollutants emitted from biomass burning over NIC in spring were raised to the high atmosphere, then experienced long-range transport, leading to the increase in aerosol loading at high altitudes over the Gulf of Tonkin during spring. 相似文献
538.
危险化学品泄漏事故应急处置技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在介绍化学事故应急处置的步骤、程序的基础上,结合自身的研究工作对危险化学品泄漏事故应急处置的方法及相关技术进行了归纳和总结,并对各种方法在危险化学品泄漏事故应急处置的应用前景及尚待开展的工作进行了评述和展望. 相似文献
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540.
灾害应急管理的若干基本问题的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
毛德华 《防灾科技学院学报》2008,10(2)
对人类的灾害心理行为机制及其特点的研究揭示出:要特别重视缓发性灾害的应急管理;要及时地进行心理干预,引导消极行为转向积极行为。为了形成团体有效一致的减灾行为,必须从普及灾害知识入手,从而树立正确的灾害态度。同时,在灾害应急管理中应充分发挥团体的凝聚力、战斗力,个体行为要服从团体行为。灾害应急管理是链接灾前风险管理与灾后风险管理的一环,虽然时间短暂,但可以在很大程度上减少伤亡,且为以后的重建的顺利进行打下基础。在灾害应急管理中要搞好自助、共助与公助责任的合理分割。 相似文献