超重力旋转填料床中柠檬酸钠法烟气脱硫

采用柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲溶液作为吸收液,在超重力旋转填料床(简称填料床)中进行模拟烟气中SO2的吸收和解吸实验,考察了吸收液组成及各操作参数对SO2吸收率及解吸率的影响.实验结果表明:吸收过程中吸收液的柠檬酸浓度越高、吸收液初始pH 越高,SO2吸收率越高;填料床转速增大、液气比增大,SO2 吸收率下降速率增大;解吸过...     

冶炼厂烟化炉煤粉爆炸安全监控研究

在生产过程中，烟化炉常因煤粉量供应过大而在尾气中产生大量ＣＯ，导致爆炸事故的发生。为消除此隐患，在分析事故原因的基础上，设计了烟化炉生产安全监控系统。该系统采用闭环集效控制方式，煤粉的供给量完全由系统自动控制，从而提高了烟化炉生产的安全性。     

DDTs对水生哺乳动物的组织残留基准初步研究

作为一种曾经广泛使用的氯化烃杀虫剂,DDT及其主要代谢产物DDE和DDD(合称为DDTs)是一类典型的具有持久性和生物累积性的有毒污染物。亲脂性和持久性使得DDTs可以通过食物链进行生物放大,从而对处于高营养级的水生哺乳动物造成严重的毒害作用。在综述DDTs对哺乳动物的毒性研究基础上,采用物种敏感度分布(species sensitivity distribution,SSD)和毒性百分数排序法(toxicity percentile rank method,TPRM)推导DDTs保护水生哺乳动物的组织残留基准(Tissue Residue Guideline,TRG)。使用SSD和TPRM得到的TRG分别为23.9和22.7 ng·g-1食物(湿重)。相应的,DDTs保护水生哺乳动物的水质基准分别为188.2和178.7 pg·L-1。依据研究得到的DDTs的组织残留基准及其在鱼类体内的含量评估对水生哺乳动物的风险。研究结果可用于评估DDTs对水生哺乳动物的生态风险,并为DDTs的风险管理提供理论依据。     

Toxicity evaluation of 10 oil gelling agents北大核心CSCD

Oil gelling agents are widely used in emergency response of marine oil spills. However, the biological toxicity of oil gelling agents is not well understood. This research aimed to evaluate the environmental safety of oil gelling agents used for rapid removal and cleanup of marine oil spills. We used luminescent bacteria (Acinetobacter sp. Tox2 and Acinetobacter sp. RecA) combined with exposure experiment using marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) juveniles to detect the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of 10 oil gelling agents. As a result, a certain level of acute toxicity was detected from the oil gelling agent FOA and GMN-01 (the toxicity equivalent to 0.067 mg/L and 0.084 mg/L of HgCl2, respectively), and a certain level of genotoxicity was detected from the oil gelling agent NORSOREX (the toxicity equivalent to 0.307 mg/L of MMC) by the luminescent bacteria test. However, no obvious acute toxicity or genotoxicity was detected from the above three oil gelling agents in fish-exposure experiments. Our results suggest that the 10 oil gelling agents have no obvious acute toxicity or genotoxicity to higher organisms (including marine medaka). The luminescent bacteria test is more sensitive in detecting biological toxicity of oil gelling agents. This study provides a reference for environmental safety evaluation of the oil gelling agents used in the cleaning up of the marine oil spills.     

Diel and seasonal methane flux across water–air interface of a subtropic eutrophic pond

Abstract

Methane, which is an important greenhouse gas, has received less attention regarding its flux in ponds. Small ponds, whose area only occupies approximately 8.6%, comprise the bulk of CH₄ efflux from lakes and ponds on a global scale. However, temporal and spatial variability, as well as consequences of CH4 fluxes from ponds, remains unknown. The aim of this study was to examine using 4 field experiments diel methane (CH₄) fluxes from a subtropic eutrophic pond in different seasons. For the eutrophic pond, the mean CH₄ efflux for all seasons was 1.772?mg/m²/h, and CH₄ emissions in summer were approximately three-fold higher than total of winter, spring, and autumn. Methane diffusive emissions were positively correlated with water temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO) and air temperature but negatively related to pH and to the difference between water temperature and air temperature. The diel diffusive CH₄ flux among different seasons varied significantly. The CH₄ bubble flux did not differ markedly in winter, spring and autumn, but the quantity in summer was significantly different from all other seasons. Bubble is the main pathway for CH₄ emissions. The CH₄ ebullition flux accounts for 66, 71, 97 and 98% of the total in winter, spring, summer and autumn, respectively. On an annual scale, the CH₄ ebullition flux accounts for 77% of the total fluxes (diffusive?+?ebullitive). Our results show that further investigations need to be carried out to probe temporal variability of CH₄ fluxes in ponds located in different climate zones for better understanding of the global carbon budget, which is critical to predict future climate changes.     

潍坊市滨海开发区人群血清中溴代阻燃剂浓度水平的时间变化趋势

本研究以溴系阻燃剂生产源区潍坊市滨海开发区作为研究区域,对潍坊市人群血清中PBDEs和NBFRs的浓度水平分布及时间变化趋势进行了分析.潍坊市人群血清样本中的PBDEs浓度(100.52-795.62 ng·g-1 1w(lipid weight,脂重),2016年;85.55-913.12 ng·g-1 1w,201...     

超临界水氧化法处理除草剂生产废水及热能的研究

利用 2 .2 L +1.7L超临界水氧化反应器对除草剂生产废水进行了处理实验。结果表明 :在温度 >60 0℃、压力 >3 2MPa,氧化反应时间为 180 s时 ,其 COD去除率达 98.1% ;氧化反应时间为 3 0 0 s时 ,其 COD去除率达 99.8%。处理后的排水达到国家规定的标准。同时利用氧弹法对该废水热值进行了测试 ,利用热平衡方程式对该试验装置的热效率进行了分析     

木质素基水凝胶对亚甲基蓝染料的吸附性能

以木质素磺酸钠(LS-Na)、2-丙烯酰胺基-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)、丙烯酸(AA)为原料,采用微波辐射法,通过接枝共聚反应合成了生物质LS-g-PAMPS/AA水凝胶吸附剂,利用FTIR分析了水凝胶的结构。研究了吸附剂用量、染料初始浓度、吸附时间对亚甲基蓝(MB)染料的吸附性能的影响,结果显示,在MB初始浓度为1 000 mg/L,吸附剂为0.1 g时,吸附量和吸附率分别达1 914 mg/g和95%。平衡吸附数据满足Langmuir吸附等温模型,吸附动力学曲线较好地符合准二级动力学反应模型。木质素水凝胶对MB染料废水具有显著的吸附效果,可以作为阳离了染料废水处理用的生物质吸附剂。