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排序方式: 共有178条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
82.
Contamination of butyltin and phenyltin compounds in the marine environment of Otsuchi Bay, Japan 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Harino H Fukushima M Yamamoto Y Kawai S Miyazaki N 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1998,101(2):209-214
Butyltin (BT) and phenyltin (PT) compounds were measured in seawater, sediment, and biological samples collected from coastal areas of Otsuchi Bay, Japan. Tributyltin (TBT) compounds in seawater, sediment, plankton, mussels, scallops and fish were in the range of 0.008-0.074 microg liter(-1), 0.01-0.64 mg (kg dry wt)(-1), 0.24-9.8 mg (kg dry wt)(-1), 0.04-0.18 mg (kg wet wt)(-1), 0.10-0.13 mg (kg wet wt)(-1) and 0.01-0.02 mg (kg wet wt)(-1), respectively. Trace amount of PTs were found in seawater. The highest concentrations of TBT and triphenyltin (TPT) were found near a shipyard. Triorganotin compounds were more dominant than their metabolites. A positive correlation was observed between the concentrations of TBT and TPT in the mussels. Concentrations of TBT and TPT in mussels were high in the upper intertidal zone, and decreased toward the water. 相似文献
83.
The volatilization of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) and methyl mercuric chloride (CH3HgCl) by the 45 strains (35 Pseudoalteromonas sp., 2 Vibrio sp., 1 Aeromonas sp., and 7 unclassified) of the most mercury-resistant bacteria from Minamata Bay seawater was examined in various physiological conditions. The bacteria could grow and volatilize HgCl2 in the liquid medium containing 1-10% NaCl. Two Pseudoalteromonas strains could grow and volatilize HgCl2 at pH levels ranging from 5.0 to 10.0. The resting cells of 43 strains could volatilize HgCl2 at concentrations ranging from 30 to 68% after 1-h incubation at 30vv°C. The resting cells of 41 strains could volatilize CH3HgCl at concentrations ranging from 13 to 88% after 1-h incubation at 30vv°C. Ninety-two percent of mercury was removed from the phosphate buffer containing 0.1 7g/ml by a resting cell of Pseudoalteromonas strain H-4 after 30-min incubation at 30vv°C. We were able to screen the special bacteria, which could volatilize mercury compounds at a high rate in various physiological conditions, for the purpose of developing mercury removal methods using bacteria. 相似文献
84.
M Yamamoto D Molina-Gomes E Girodon-Boulandet M Moulis B Leroy B Simon-Bouy J Selva Y Ville 《黑龙江环境通报》2006,26(1):6-8
We present a case of a fetus with hyperechogenic bowel, in which the L548Q mutation was detected in the mother of Japanese origin and the ΔF508 mutation in the father of Caucasian origin. The fetus proved to be compound heterozygous. Research into cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) mutations in this case was triggered by the fact that the fetus had a characteristic hyperechogenic bowel image with normal karyotype and no indications of intrauterine infections. Hyperechogenic bowel is highly indicative of a CFTR gene mutation. The incidence of cystic fibrosis (CF) in fetuses with mid-trimester hyperechogenic bowel is 5%, but once the most frequent mutations have been accounted for, rarer mutations must be investigated. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
85.
Collins RN Saito T Aoyagi N Payne TE Kimura T Waite TD 《Journal of environmental quality》2011,40(3):731-741
Time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS) is a useful means of identifying certain actinide species resulting from various biogeochemical processes. In general, TRLFS differentiates chemical species of a fluorescent metal ion through analysis of different excitation and emission spectra and decay lifetimes. Although this spectroscopic technique has largely been applied to the analysis of actinide and lanthanide ions having fluorescence decay lifetimes on the order of microseconds, such as UO , Cm, and Eu, continuing development of ultra-fast and cryogenic TRLFS systems offers the possibility to obtain speciation information on metal ions having room-temperature fluorescence decay lifetimes on the order of nanoseconds to picoseconds. The main advantage of TRLFS over other advanced spectroscopic techniques is the ability to determine in situ metal speciation at environmentally relevant micromolar to picomolar concentrations. In the context of environmental biogeochemistry, TRLFS has principally been applied to studies of (i) metal speciation in aqueous and solid phases and (ii) the coordination environment of metal ions sorbed to mineral and bacterial surfaces. In this review, the principles of TRLFS are described, and the literature reporting the application of this methodology to the speciation of actinides in systems of biogeochemical interest is assessed. Significant developments in TRLFS methodology and advanced data analysis are highlighted, and we outline how these developments have the potential to further our mechanistic understanding of actinide biogeochemistry. 相似文献
86.
Decolorization of oxygen-delignified bleaching effluent (abbreviated as OBE) and biobleaching of oxygen-delignified kraft pulp (OKP) were conducted using a non-white rot fungus Geotrichum candidum Dec 1 (abbreviated as Dec 1) which has ability to decolorize various synthetic dyes and molasses. Dec 1 decolorized up to 77% of OBE for 6 days. In addition, Dec 1 increased the brightness of OKP from 47.8% to 51.2% and decreased the kappa value of OKP from 12.4 to 10.4 points during a 6-day incubation period at a 25% of pulpconcentration. At 2% pulp-concentration, the brightness of OKP increased by 13% and the kappa value of OKP decreased by 4 points only for a 3-day incubation period. When the decolorized OBE was used for bleaching of OKP, the brightness of OKP increased to 62.7% under the shaking culture to a 2% pulp-concentration using culture fluid of decolorized OBE. It was revealed that Dec 1 is a potential to apply for decolorization of wastewater and biobleaching of pulp in paper-mills. 相似文献
87.
Mitsuru Sasaki Kana Yamamoto Motonobu Goto 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2007,9(1):40-46
In this study, hydrothermal electrolysis experiments using glucose (a biorelated substance) as a starting material were carried
out using a specially designed autoclave at 250°C. We could understand the fundamental reaction behavior of glucose under
these conditions through various kinds of experiments and product analyses. Another series of experiments using pressurized
CO2 as an electrolyte was conducted to discover whether it is possible to use CO2 as an alternative electrolyte to the conventional KCl electrolyte, with a view to lowering the environmental impact of the
process. It was found that pressurized CO2 was useful as an environmentally friendly electrolyte, although there were still some problems in terms of the reaction efficiency. 相似文献
88.
Jun-ichi Kadokawa Kanako Hirohama Shozaburo Mine Takeshi Kato Kazuya Yamamoto 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2012,20(1):37-42
In this study, we performed the facile preparation of chitin/cellulose composite films using two ionic liquids, 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium
bromide (AMIMBr) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl); the former dissolves chitin and the latter dissolves cellulose.
First, solutions of chitin in AMIMBr and cellulose in BMIMCl were individually prepared by heating each mixture at 100 °C
for 24 h. Then, the homogeneous mixture of the two solutions was thinly casted on a glass plate, followed by standing at room
temperature for 2 h. After the material was subjected to successive Soxhlet extractions with ethanol for 12 h and with water
for 12 h, the residue was dried at room temperature to give a composite film. The crystalline structures of the polysaccharides
were evaluated by the X-ray diffraction measurement. Furthermore, the thermal stability and mechanical property of the resulting
composite film were estimated by the thermal gravimetric analysis measurement and tensile testing, respectively. 相似文献
89.
Hua ZHANG Zhiliang ZHU Noboru YOSHIKAWA 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2011,5(2):205-211
Microwave processing was used to stabilize copper ions in soil samples. Its effects on the stabilization efficiency were studied as a function of additive, microwave power, process time, and reaction atmosphere. The stabilization efficiency of the microwave process was evaluated based on the results of the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test. The results showed that the optimal experimental condition contained a 700W microwave power, 20 min process time and 3 iron wires as the additive, and that the highest stabilization efficiency level was more than 70%. In addition, the different reaction atmospheres showed no apparent effect on the stabilization efficiency of copper in the artificially contaminated soil. According to the result of the Tessier sequential extraction, the partial species of copper in the contaminated soil was deduced to transform from unstable species to stable states after the microwave process. 相似文献
90.