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711.
采用电催化氧化技术处理煤气化废水一级生化出水,考察了pH值、槽电压、水力停留时间、曝气量对处理效果的影响,将实验条件优化得到其最佳反应条件为:进水pH值为6.0~6.5,槽电压取值为15 V,水力停留时间为2 h,曝气量为5 m3/(m2·h)。在此最优条件下,煤气化废水一级生化出水的COD去除效率达到80%,色度去除效率达到90%。这表明,电催化氧化技术能够降解废水中的有机组分,还能破坏其内部的发色基团,作为煤气化废水一级生化出水的深度处理方法效果显著,成本低廉,出水能达标排放。 相似文献
712.
The solid-solution partitioning of heavy metals (Cu,Zn, Cd,Pb) in upland soils of England and Wales 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Tipping E Rieuwerts J Pan G Ashmore MR Lofts S Hill MT Farago ME Thornton I 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2003,125(2):213-225
Ninety-eight surface soils were sampled from the uplands of England and Wales, and analysed for loss-on-ignition (LOI), and total and dissolved base cations, Al, Fe, and trace heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb). The samples covered wide ranges of pH (3.4-8.3) and LOI (9-98%). Soil metal contents measured by extraction with 0.43 mol l-1 HNO3 and 0.1 mol l-1 EDTA were very similar, and generally lower than values obtained by extraction with a mixture of concentrated nitric and perchloric acids. Total heavy metal concentrations in soil solution depend positively upon soil metal content and [DOC], and negatively upon pH and LOI, values of r2 ranging from 0.39 (Cu) to 0.81 (Pb). Stronger correlations (r2=0.76-0.95) were obtained by multiple regression analysis involving free metal ion (Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+) concentrations calculated with the equilibrium speciation model WHAM/Model VI. The free metal ion concentrations depend positively upon MHNO3 and negatively upon pH and LOI. The data were also analysed by using WHAM/Model VI to describe solid-solution interactions as well as solution speciation; this involved calibrating each soil sample by adjusting the content of "active" humic matter to match the observed soil pH. The calibrated model provided fair predictions of total heavy metal concentrations in soil solution, and predicted free metal ion concentrations were in reasonable agreement with the values obtained from solution-only speciation calculations. 相似文献
713.
The existence of electrolytes in aquatic environment on the photocatalytic performance and coagulation of nanodispersed TiO2 hydrosol and the corresponding photocatalytic alteration were investigated by studying cations (Na+, K+, Ca 2+, Mg2+, and Al3+). The photocatalysis reactions of nano TiO2 with different dosages of electrolytes were measured by monitoring the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under ultraviolet A (UV-A) irradiation over time. The results showed that the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 was improved by the presence of Al3+, while the performance was impaired by the other tested cations. The negative influences of divalent ions on the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 were more significant than monovalent ions. The TiO2 sol dispersed stable at nano scale at low concentration of electrolyte (< 0.01?mol/L) with slight change of pH, and coagulated into micro sizes at high concentration of electrolytes (> 0.1?mol/L) with larger increase or decrease of pH. The positive effects of Al3+ on the photodegradation rate of RhB might relate to the strong hydrolytic action of Al3+ in aquatic solutions. The photocatalytic processes of TiO2 in the presence of all ions followed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, and the reaction kinetic constant was increased with the decrease of pH caused by different cations. These work suggested a new perspective about the relationship between coagulation and photocatalytic performance of TiO2 hydrosols in electrolyte with hydrolysable cations, which demonstrated that TiO2 hydrosols may be suitable as photocatalysts in aquatic environments. 相似文献
714.
利用复合酵母菌系统处理含油污泥 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用筛选得到的10株酵母菌组成复合酵母菌系统,并将该复合菌系统接种到泥浆反应器中对模拟油泥样品进行了处理。在对反应器进行优化的基础上,比较了复合酵母菌体系和经驯化的活性污泥体系对模拟风化油泥的处理效果,发现复合酵母菌在反应速度和油去除率上都优于活性污泥。利用GC—MS对复合酵母菌处理体亲中主要脂肪烃组分的变化进行了分析,结果表明原油组分中脂肪烃部分在处理8d后基本被完全降解。 相似文献
715.
716.
717.
Yufeng Liao Mengmeng Tang Mengyuan Li Peng Shi Aimin Li Yangyang Zhang Yang Pan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(10):125
718.
719.
Chengbin Xiao Hai Yan Junfeng Wang Wei Wei Jun Ning Gang Pan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2011,5(4):526-532
A promising bacterial strain for biodegrading microcystin-LR (MC-LR) as the sole carbon and nitrogen source was successfully isolated from Lake Dianchi, China. The strain was identified as Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05, which was the first isolated MCs-biodegrading Sphingopyxis sp. in China. The average biodegradation rate of MC-LR by Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 was 28.8 mg??L?1 per day, which was apparently higher than those of other bacteria reported so far. The optimal temperature and pH for both strain USTB-05 growth and MC-LR biodegradation were 30??C and 7.0, respectively. The release of MC-LR from the cyanobacterial cells collected from Lake Guishui and the biodegradation of MC-LR by both strain and cell-free extract (CE) were investigated. The results indicated that MC-LR with the initial concentration of 4.0 mg??L?1 in water was biodegraded by Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 within 4 d, while MC-LR with the initial concentration of 28.8 mg??L?1 could be completely removed in 3 h by CE of Sphingopyxis sp. USTB-05 containing 350 mg??L?1 protein. During enzymatic biodegradation of MC-LR, two intermediate metabolites and a dead-end product were observed on an HPLC chromatogram. Moreover, the similar scanning profiles of MC-LR and its metabolic products indicate that the Adda side-chain of MC-LR was kept intact in all products. 相似文献
720.
为优化小球藻(Chlorella zofingiensis)连续模式下处理污水的条件,提高生活污水处理效率,研究了不同更新率(x)对小球藻连续处理生活污水的影响规律。设置了6组更新率分别为0.20、0.30、0.40、0.50、0.60和0.70 d -1的试验,在柱式光生物反应器中利用小球藻连续处理生活污水,建立了更新率与细胞产率和氮、磷消耗速率的抛物回归曲线,从中得出最佳更新率。结果表明:更新率对小球藻的生长及污染物处理效果影响显著,在连续处理过程中,随着更新率的不断增大,稳态时的藻细胞浓度逐渐下降,而污水营养物浓度则逐渐上升。更新率与细胞产率(P)、氮消耗速率(y1)和磷消耗速率(y2)间存在抛物回归关系:当P=-1.179(x-0.45) 2+0.026(x-0.45)+0.239(R 2=0.990 9),y1=-66.79(x-0.45) 2+2.55(x-0.45)+10.26(R 2=0.936 7),y2=-19(x-0.45) 2+1.963(x-0.45)+2.913(R 2=0.924 5)时,R 2较高。拟合得到的曲线极值均为0.45,可以得出最佳更新率为0.45 d -1。 相似文献