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721.
Yunyu Pan Gerwin F. Koopmans Luc T. C. Bonten Jing Song Yongming Luo Erwin J. M. Temminghoff Rob N. J. Comans 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2016,38(6):1355-1372
Alternating flooding and drainage conditions have a strong influence on redox chemistry and the solubility of trace metals in paddy soils. However, current knowledge of how the effects of water management on trace metal solubility are linked to trace metal uptake by rice plants over time is still limited. Here, a field-contaminated paddy soil was subjected to two flooding and drainage cycles in a pot experiment with two rice plant cultivars, exhibiting either high or low Cd accumulation characteristics. Flooding led to a strong vertical gradient in the redox potential (Eh). The pH and Mn, Fe, and dissolved organic carbon concentrations increased with decreasing Eh and vice versa. During flooding, trace metal solubility decreased markedly, probably due to sulfide mineral precipitation. Despite its low solubility, the Cd content in rice grains exceeded the food quality standards for both cultivars. Trace metal contents in different rice plant tissues (roots, stem, and leaves) increased at a constant rate during the first flooding and drainage cycle but decreased after reaching a maximum during the second cycle. As such, the high temporal variability in trace metal solubility was not reflected in trace metal uptake by rice plants over time. This might be due to the presence of aerobic conditions and a consequent higher trace metal solubility near the root surface, even during flooding. Trace metal solubility in the rhizosphere should be considered when linking water management to trace metal uptake by rice over time. 相似文献
722.
Pan Guo Ting Wang Yanli Liu Yan Xia Guiping Wang Zhenguo Shen Yahua Chen 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(1):631-640
A field investigation, field experiment, and hydroponic experiment were conducted to evaluate feasibility of using Oenothera glazioviana for phytostabilization of copper-contaminated soil. In semiarid mine tailings in Tongling, Anhui, China, O. glazioviana, a copper excluder, was a dominant species in the community, with a low bioaccumulation factor, the lowest copper translocation factor, and the lowest copper content in seed (8 mg kg?1). When O. glazioviana was planted in copper-polluted farmland soil in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, its growth and development improved and the level of γ-linolenic acid in seeds reached 17.1 %, compared with 8.73 % in mine tailings. A hydroponic study showed that O. glazioviana had high tolerance to copper, low upward transportation capacity of copper, and a high γ-linolenic acid content. Therefore, it has great potential for the phytostabilization of copper-contaminated soils and a high commercial value without risk to human health. 相似文献
723.
Xuan Huang Jing Zheng Min Chen Yangyu Zhao Chunlei Zhang Lifu Liu Weiwei Xie Shuqiong Shi Yuan Wei Dongzhu Lei Chenming Xu Qichang Wu Xiaoling Guo Xiaomei Shi Yi Zhou Qiufang Liu Ya Gao Fuman Jiang Hongyun Zhang Fengxia Su Huijuan Ge Xuchao Li Xiaoyu Pan Shengpei Chen Fang Chen Qun Fang Hui Jiang Tze Kin Lau Wei Wang 《黑龙江环境通报》2014,34(4):335-340
724.
725.
龙舌兰科植物形态化美、色彩丰富,是室内植物装饰的好材料。本文对进一步开展龙舌兰科植物在室内装饰的应用作了探讨。 相似文献
726.
727.
原子吸收法测定土壤中铜锌铅镉 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
通过对几种消解体系的对比 ,选择出铅、镉最佳的消解方法为硝酸 氢氟酸 双氧水体系 ;铜锌最佳的消解方法为硝酸 氢氟酸 高氯酸体系。不同方法既能达到全量分析的要求 ,又能使基体干扰降到最小。通过对标准样品的多次测定 ,测定值均在其保证值范围内 ,铅镉相对标准偏差为 2 2 %~ 7 2 % ,加标回收率在 83%~ 116 %之间 ;铜锌相对标准偏差为 2 6 %~ 4 5 % ,加标回收率在 92 %~ 10 3%之间。 相似文献
728.
水相中CCl4和CHCl3的紫外光解机理 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用瞬态吸收光谱技术研究水体污染物CCl4和CHCl3在紫外光照条件下的转化和归宿,表明在248nm激光作用下,CCl4解离为CCl3和Cl自由基;CHCl3在此条件下不解离,但加入少量的苯后即发生明显解离,产生CHCl2和Cl自由基.在有氧条件下,光解产生的CCl3和CHCl2自由基均与O2反应分别生成CCl3O2和CHCl2O2;在无氧条件下,CCl3和CHCl2则发生偶合反应分别生成C2Cl6和C2H2Cl4.本研究还得出了一些微观速率常数. 相似文献
729.
730.
This study uses DAYCENT model to investigate the sensitivity of soil organic carbon (SOC) at an intensely cultivated site in the U.S. Midwest under an ensemble of scenario climates predicted by IPCC models. The model ensemble includes three IPCC models (Canadian, French, German), three emission scenarios (B1, A1B, A2) and three time periods (late 20th, mid-21st, late 21st century). DAYCENT shows that SOC at the site would decline by 0.3-2.6 kg m−2 (5-35%) depending on the models and scenarios from late 20th to mid-21st century despite a larger increase of future net primary production (NPP) than respiration. The future SOC decrease is mostly attributable to harvest loss. The wide spread in future SOC decline rates are in part because SOC decrease (by respiration) is directly proportional to SOC itself. Any uncertainty in absolute SOC in DAYCENT would translate directly into its trend, unlike other variables such as temperature whose trends are independent of their values themselves, contrasting the reliability of SOC trend with temperature change. 相似文献