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871.
载体催化剂在许多有机反应中已证明可作为对环境有利的催化剂而取代传统催化剂(一般有腐蚀性,毒性或极难分解和重整并产生大量废物)。综述了近年来固体酸催化、固体碱催化剂和其它载体催化剂的特性及液相有机化学反应中的应用成果,催化机理及发展趋势。 相似文献
872.
处理化肥厂造气废水新型催化剂的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用合成的氧化还原树脂进行了实际废水的处理 ,取得了良好的效果 ,开辟了废水处理的一条新途径。 相似文献
873.
试论区域环境影响评价的有效性和公众参与 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
简述了区域环境影响评价的特点,着重讨论了RELA有效性的影响因素和限制条件;通过论述REIA和公众参与的含义,内容以及扩大公众参与的建议等,提出公众参与对提高REIA有效性的积极作用。 相似文献
874.
Tait Chirenje Lena Q. MaMing Chen Edward J. Zillioux 《Advances in Environmental Research》2003,8(1):137-146
Arsenic contamination is of great environmental concern due to its toxic effects as a carcinogen. Knowledge of arsenic background concentrations is important for land application of wastes and for making remediation decisions. The soil clean-up target level for arsenic in Florida (0.8 and 3.7 mg kg−1 for residential and commercial areas, respectively) lies within the range of both background and analytical quantification limits. The objective of this study was to compare arsenic distribution in urban and non-urban areas of Florida. Approximately 440 urban and 448 non-urban Florida soil samples were compared. For urban areas, soil samples were collected from three land-use classes (residential, commercial and public land) in two cities, Gainesville and Miami. For the non-urban areas, samples were collected from relatively undisturbed non-inhabited areas. Arsenic concentrations varied greatly in Gainesville, ranging from 0.21 to approximately 660 mg kg−1 with a geometric mean (GM) of 0.40 mg kg−1, which were lower than Miami samples (ranging from 0.32 to 112 mg kg−1; GM=2.81 mg kg−1). Arsenic background concentrations in urban soils were significantly greater and showed greater variation than those from relatively undisturbed non-urban soils (GM=0.27 mg kg−1) in general. 相似文献
875.
876.
采用BAF+过滤处理炼油污水,CODcr石油类、氨氮、SS去除率可以达到51.8%、62.8%、75%、100%,在BAF进水指标符合GB8978—1996污水综合排放标准一级标准,处理后出水指标可以达到CODcr≯55mg/L,Oil≯2m/L,NH3-N≯5mg/L,SS≯1mg/L,达到中石化循环水补充水标准。 相似文献
877.
878.
Optimum nitrogen use and reduced nitrogen loss for production of rice and wheat in the Yangtse Delta region 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A long-term field and lysimeter experiment under different amount of fertilizer-N application was conducted to explore the optimal N application rates for a high productive rice-wheat system and less N leaching loss in the Yangtse Delta region. In this region excessive applications of N fertilizer for the rice-wheat production has resulted in reduced N recovery rates and environment pollution. Initial results of the field experiments showed that the optimal N application rate increased with the yield. On the two major paddy soils (Hydromorphic paddy soil and Gleyed paddy soil) of the region, the optimal N application rate was 225-270 kg N hm(-2) for rice and 180-225 kg N hm(-2) for wheat, separately. This has resulted in the highest number of effective ears and Spikelets per unit area, and hence high yield. Nitrogen leaching in the form of NO(3-)-N occurs mainly in the wheat-growing season and in the ponding and seedling periods of the paddy field. Its concentration in the leachate increased with the N application rate in the lysimeter experiment. When the application rate reached 225 kg N hm(-2), the concentration rose to 5.4-21.3 mgN l(-1) in the leachate during the wheat-growing season. About 60% of the leachate samples determined contained NO(3-)-N beyond the criterion (NO(3-)-N 10 mg l(-1)) for N pollution. In the field experiment, when the N application rate was in the range of 270-315 kg hm(-2), the NO(3-)-N concentration in the leachate during the wheat-growing season ranged from 1.9 to 11.0 mg l(-1). About 20% of the leachate samples reached close to, and 10% exceeded, the criterion for N pollution. Long-term accumulation of NO(3-)-N from leaching will no doubt constitute a potential risk of N contamination of the groundwater in the Yangtse Delta Region. 相似文献
879.
Saikat SQ Carter JE Mehra A Smith B Stewart A 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2004,26(4):395-401
Endemic goitre was prevalent in the population of Derbyshire in the UK for many centuries until it declined from the 1930s. A contemporary medical survey showed that endemicity of goitre was particularly higher in the Carboniferous limestone areas of the Derbyshire-Peak District. Unlike classical goitrous areas of the world, where the distribution of goitre has been found to be related to the iodine content in the environment, there is no such relationship reported for the Derbyshire-Peak District area. The present study reviews the presence of endemic goitre in this area with reference to iodine in different environmental media using past and present data. In comparison with the world average values, the iodine contents in the soil and sediment in the Peak District are not deficient, but compared to England, Wales and Scotland averages, these levels are low. As no information on the mobility and bioavailability of iodine of this area is available, a cautious approach is necessary before any assumption is made on the aetiology of endemic goitre. The study also discusses some hypotheses relating to the possible cause of endemic goitre in the limestone areas. Further research needs are suggested depending on the land use and geochemistry of the Peak District to determine the underlying causes of the former endemic goitre in this area. 相似文献
880.
本文运用系统工程的理论和方法,构造了松江镇饮用水源区水环境管理模型的结构,给出了各子模型形式。然后用多种信息处理方法得到模型中参数的估计值。实际应用表明,该模型精度较高,功能较强,实用性好。 相似文献