建设生态强市 共享生态文明

本文通过分析仪征市创建国家生态市在实践过程中所采取的措施、取得的成效、获得的经验和面临的困难,提出相关思路和对策,为该市生态文明建设打下基础。     

铁矿企业重大危险源辨识与监管

通过对铁矿企业重大危险源的定义、概念及管理的要求,制定铁矿企业重大危险源监控与管理任务,并介绍了企业重大危险源管理体系的主要内容.     

氮磷肥料对HB-5菌株降解莠去津的促进作用及去毒效应的影响

以莠去津降解细菌HB-5为研究对象,进行了氮、磷肥单一及复合施肥对HB-5细菌降解土壤中莠去津的促进作用的研究,探讨了莠去津降解率与土壤中速效氮、速效磷含量之间的关系及莠去津降解过程中生态毒性的变化情况.莠去津在土壤中的残留采用高效液相色谱法进行测定;土壤中速效氮和速效磷分别采用碱解扩散法及0.5mol/L-NaHCO3浸提-钼锑抗比色法测定;土壤的生态毒性采用蚕豆根尖微核法进行测定.结果表明,在实验的前5d,不论氮、磷肥单一或复合施肥均能够明显促进HB-5对莠去津的降解,不同施肥条件下莠去津的降解速率依次为:氮、磷肥复合单施磷肥单施氮肥不施肥料对照;实验5d后,各处理中莠去津降解率没有显著差异(p0.05),均达到了95%以上.土壤中速效氮和速效磷含量随着莠去津的降解而呈现逐渐减少的趋势.土壤的生态毒性试验结果表明,莠去津经HB-5菌株降解后,土壤的生态毒性显著降低;各施肥处理土壤中莠去津的生态毒性均低于不施肥处理的土壤;实验的前5d,各处理土壤中生态毒性的大小依次为:氮、磷肥复合单施磷肥单施氮肥不施肥料对照.实验7d时,各处理土壤中莠去津的生态毒性均恢复到空白对照水平.氮磷肥料的施用不仅能促进HB-5菌株对土壤中莠去津的降解,而且能加速降低土壤的生态毒性,为莠去津污染土壤的快速修复提供了理论依据.     

"123456"打造卓越企业安全文化

企业管理之父彼德·德鲁克说过:"任何组织中最稀缺的资源是在文化的影响下把任务执行好的人",这句话一针见血地指出了企业文化在企业管理和可持续发展中所起的关键作用.而对于核电企业来说,建立有效、卓越的企业安全文化则是它的治企之本.     

城市公共卫生事件应急管理初探

公共卫生问题一直是一项重大的社会问题,关系着人类整体健康水平和生活质量,但是,近年来不断发生各种类型大小不同的公共卫生事件,使人类的生活和生存受到威胁.本文从突发公共卫生事件的表现、定义、特点出发,分析了公共卫生事件产生的机理,介绍了世界发达国家的先进经验,并对构建一个完整的公共卫生保障体系提出了见解.     

大型社会活动的事故预防与控制

大型社会活动的安全形势非常严峻,本文通过对大型社会活动安全管理中存在的问题和事故影响因素的分析,从事故预防和控制的角度提出几点措施.     

A juvenile lizard specimen with well-preserved skin impressions from the Upper Jurassic/Lower Cretaceous of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China

Lizards are now relatively well known from the Yixian Formation of northeastern China. In this study, we describe a juvenile lizard from a fossil horizon at Daohugou, Inner Mongolia. These beds predate the Yixian Formation, and are probably Late Jurassic or earliest Cretaceous in age. The new specimen thus documents the first lizard material from the Daohugou locality and is the earliest lizard skeleton from China. Comparisons with developmental stages of modern lizards suggest the Daohugou lizard is a hatchling. Although tiny, the specimen is notable in preserving exquisite skin impressions showing the variation in scalation across the body, the shape and position of the cloacal outlet, and details of the manus and pes. These are the earliest recorded lepidosaurian skin traces. In its general proportions and the possession of paired frontals, the small Daohugou lizard resembles both the Yixian taxon Yabeinosaurus tenuis and the questionable Jeholacerta formosa, but it differs from the latter in scalation and, based on other characters, may be distinct from both.     

祁连山高山草甸土壤CO2通量的时空变化及其影响分析

采用Li-6400便携式光合作用测量系统连接Li-6400-09土壤呼吸室,在2004年生长季节对祁连山高山草甸土壤CO₂通量沿海拔梯度进行了野外定位试验,统计分析了水热因子及根系生物量对高山草甸土壤CO₂通量特征的可能影响.结果表明,土壤CO₂通量存在明显的空间变化规律, 沿海拔梯度土壤CO₂通量随着海拔梯度的增加而逐渐减小,其变异系数逐渐增加;就日变化而言,土壤CO₂通量晚间维持在较低水平,02：00～06：00最低,在07：00～08：30开始升高,11：00～16：00达到峰值,16：00～18：30开始下降,整个过程呈单峰曲线.土壤CO₂通量的日平均值介于(0.56±0.32) ～ (2.53±0.76) μmol·(m²·s)^-1.从季节变化来看,土壤CO₂通量均以夏秋季较高,春冬季排放量较低,7～8月份达到最大值［4.736 μmol·(m²·s)^-1］,6月与9月份次之,5月与10月份基本一致,整个生长过程总的变化趋势呈单峰曲线形式.高山草甸土壤CO₂通量在植物生长季与10 cm土壤温度、土壤含水量、根系生物量都存在不同程度的正相关关系,表明高山草甸土壤CO₂通量的空间变异主要受温度、水分和植物根系的综合影响.     

爆炸空气冲击波在巷道转弯处的传播特性

为了探索爆炸空气冲击波在巷道内的传播规律,进行了数值计算和理论分析,讨论了爆炸冲击波通过45°弯曲巷道后的压力变化过程.研究结果表明: 爆炸空气冲击波通过45°弯曲巷道后的压力分布复杂,空气冲击波逐渐恢复为平面波需经过4倍等效巷道直径的距离传播.在该4倍等效距离内,冲击波反射叠加,在巷道外侧壁面Mach反射点取得超压最大值,恢复平面波以后超压随距离呈单调衰减.     

Assessing field vulnerability to phosphorus loss in Beijing agricultural area using Revised Field Phosphorus Ranking Scheme

Guanting Reservoir,one of the drinking water supply sources of Beijing,suffers from water eutrophication.It is mainly supplied by Guishui River.Thus,to investigate the reasons of phosphorus(P)loss and improve the P management strategies in Guishui River watershed are important for the safety of drinking water in this region.In this study,a Revised Field P Ranking Scheme(PRS)was developed to reflect the field vulnerability of P loss at the field scale based on the Field PRS.In this new scheme,six factors are included, and each one was assigned a relative weight and a determination method.The affecting factors were classified into transport factors and source factors,and,the standards of environmental quality on surface water and soil erosion classification and degradation of the China were used in this scheme.By the new scheme,thirty-four fields in the Guishui River were categorized as"low","medium"or"high"potential for P loss into the runoff.The results showed that the P loss risks of orchard and vegetable fields were higher than that of corn and soybean fields.The source factors were the main factors to affect P loss from the study area.In the study area,controlling P input and improving P usage efficiency are critical to decrease P loss.Based on the results,it was suggested that more attention should be paid on the fields of vegetable and orchard since they have extremely high usage rate of P and high soil test of E Compared with P surplus by field measurements,the Revised Field PRS was more suitable for reflecting the characteristics of fields,and had higher potential capacity to identify critical source areas of P loss than PRS.