朝阳开发区造纸工业园建设可持续发展研究与实践

针对朝阳开发区造纸工业园控制性详细规划,采用层次分析法构建规划环境影响评价指标体系,在此基础上,分析朝阳开发区造纸工业园建设的可持续发展水平,为朝阳开发区造纸工业园建设环境决策的科学性提供技术依据。朝阳开发区造纸工业园区域发展规划实施后,规划各期区域整体可持续发展水平基本保持稳定,均为Ⅲ级,即可持续发展水平为中等。经济子系统和社会子系统可持续发展水平各期逐渐下降,而环境子系统可持续发展水平各期呈上升趋势。这说明,随着园区的进一步发展,其环境效益日益明显。     

浙江省农村生活污水处理技术模式导向研究

全面系统总结了现阶段浙江省农村生活污水处理工程现状及主要技术模式。通过对单纯厌氧生物处理、人工湿地处理、好氧生物处理和生态塘处理等四种主流技术模式典型工程案例的跟踪调查和分析,阐明了每种类型技术模式的工程技术经济特点和环境适应性,进而提出实际工程应用中技术模式的选择原则和指南,为深化农村生活污染治理、强化农村生活污水治理工程建设规范引导和管理提供有益的借鉴。     

徐州市三环南路沿线土壤重金属污染及相关性分析

以徐州市三环南路沿线土壤为研究对象,经过野外调查取样和室内分析,对路旁土壤重金属污染及相关性进行了研究。结果表明:不同断面同一重金属含量之间存在显著性差异,这与重金属的种类、来源有关外,还与公路旁有无防护林及防护林的稠密度有关;土壤重金属污染最主要的贡献者是Zn,来自于机动车轮胎的磨损;根据土壤重金属元素之间及重金属与土壤理化性质之间的相关性分析可知,重金属Cu、Cr、Zn和Pb并不是来源于自然来源,而与人为来源有着紧密的关系。     

内蒙古自治区环境植物的利用

介绍目前在内蒙古自治区具有一定环境保护价值的环境植物资源,同时发掘其在环境保护之外的其他价值,可以在今后环境保护和园林绿化方面提供一定的借鉴,充分发掘这些植物资源的利用价值。     

高温下油品生产中的风险分析及防范措施

高温条件下油品生产过程中安全防护措施考虑不充分或者操作不当,会发生突沸窜油和自燃着火事故.通过对高温下油品危险性分析,论述了高温条件下油品在储存、运输及混合等操作时应注意的事项.     

建设项目环境影响评价中公众参与的研究

公众参与是环境影响评价中的一项重要工作,目的在于发现潜在环境问题,提高环境影响评价的科学性和针对性,切实维护公众合法的环境权益.现阶段环境影响评价中的公众参与制度并不成熟,仍待于进一步研究、探讨和完善;本文根据建设项目环境影响评价公众参与相关实践,针对公众参与的范围、时机、形式、内容及存在问题进行了简要的分析,为建设项目环境影响评价公众参与制度研究提供参考.     

河北省衡水市雾霾灾害天气演变特征分析

以1960-2013年河北省衡水市地面观测站资料为依据,运用线性倾向估计、Morlet小波分析、MannKendall突变检验等方法对衡水市雾、霾日数的演变特征及周期进行了分析,结果表明:1960-2013年衡水市雾日数是增多的趋势,而霾日数(1971-2013年)是减少的趋势。四季中雾日数冬季>秋季>夏季>春季,霾日数冬季>秋季>春季>夏季;雾、霾日数均是12月最多,1月份次之。1971-2013年衡水共出现雾日766 d,其中浓雾日最多,强浓雾最少,共出现霾日491 d,其中轻微霾最多,中度霾最少。连续3 d及以上大雾天气110次,1990年代年平均连续大雾次数最多,1960年代最少,连续大雾多出现在冬季;连续3 d及以上霾日24次,1980年代最多,大部分连续霾日都出现在11月至次年2月。衡水市年雾日数和各月雾日数的周期性特征显著,目前大多处于雾日偏多期,年雾日数和12个月中6个月的雾日数发生了突变。     

Photocatalytic decomposition of acrylonitrile with N–F codoped TiO2/SiO2 under simulant solar light irradiation

The solid acid catalyst, N–F codoped TiO₂/SiO₂ composite oxide was prepared by a sol–gel method using NH₄F as nitrogen and fluorine source. The prepared materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV–Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–Vis), ammonia adsorption and temperature-programmed desorption (NH₃-TPD), in situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and N₂ physical adsorption isotherm. The photocatalytic activity of the catalyst for acrylonitrile degradation was investigated under simulant solar irradiation. The results showed that strong Lewis and Brønsted acid sites appear on the surface of the sample after N–F doping. Systematic investigation showed that the highest photocatalytic activity for acrylonitrile degradation was obtained for samples calcined at 450°C with molar ratio (NH₄F to Ti) of 0.8. The degradation ratio of 71.5% was achieved with the prepared catalyst after 6-min irradiation, demonstrating the effectiveness of photocatalytic degradation of acrylonitrile with N–F codoped TiO₂/SiO₂ composite oxide. The photocatalyst is promising for application under solar light irradiation. Moreover, the intermediates generated after irradiation were verified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis and UV–Vis spectroscopy to be simple organic acids with lower toxicity, and the degradation pathway was also proposed for acrylonitrile degradation with the prepared catalyst.     

Particulate matter assessment of a wetland in Beijing

To increase the knowledge on the particulate matter of a wetland in Beijing, an experimental study on the concentration and composition of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 was implemented in Beijing Olympic Forest Park from 2013 to 2014. This study analyzed the meteorological factors and deposition fluxes at different heights and in different periods in the wetlands. The results showed that the mean mass concentrations of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 were the highest at 06:00–09:00 and the lowest at 15:00–18:00. And the annual concentration of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 in the wetland followed the order of dry period (winter) > normal water period (spring and autumn) > wet period (summer), with the concentration in the dry period significantly higher than that in the normal water and wet periods. The chemical composition of PM_2.5 in the wetlands included NH₄⁺, K⁺, Na⁺, Mg^2 +, SO₄^2 −, NO₃⁻, and Cl⁻, which respectively accounted for 12.7%, 1.0%, 0.8%, 0.7%, 46.6%, 33.2%, and 5.1% of the average annual composition. The concentration of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 in the wetlands had a significant positive correlation with relative humidity, a negative correlation with wind speed, and an insignificant negative correlation with temperature and radiation. The daily average dry deposition amount of PM₁₀ in the different periods followed the order of dry period > normal water period > wet period, and the daily average dry deposition amount of PM_2.5 in the different periods was dry period > wet period > normal water period.