Effects of conversion of mangroves into gei wai ponds on accumulation,speciation and risk of heavy metals in intertidal sediments

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Mangroves are often converted into gei wai ponds for aquaculture, but how such conversion affects the accumulation and behavior of heavy metals in sediments...     

Continuous electrocoagulation degradation of oily wastewater with Fe78Si9B13 amorphous ribbons

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The oily wastewater was treated by electrocoagulation with Fe78Si9B13 amorphous ribbons as anode and graphite plates as cathode under such processing...     

A study of peroxyacetyl nitrate at a rural site in Beijing based on continuous observations from 2015 to 2019 and the WRF-Chem model

•PAN concentrations at a rural site near Beijing were monitored from 2015 to 2019. •PAN concentrations exhibited high values in spring and low values in winter. •Anomalously southerlies induced extreme high PAN concentration in spring 2018. Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is one of the most important photochemical pollutants and has aroused much concern in China in recent decades. However, few studies described the long-term variations in PAN in China. In this study, we continuously monitored the PAN, O₃ and NO_x concentrations at a regional background site near Beijing from August 2015 to February 2019. Based on the observed concentrations and climate data, we analyzed the seasonal PAN variations. The results revealed that the monthly mean PAN concentration ranged from 0.33–2.41 ppb, with an average value of 0.94 ppb. The PAN concentration exhibited a distinct seasonal variation, with high values in spring and low values in winter. After analyzing the corresponding meteorological data, we found that stronger ultraviolet (UV) radiation, a relatively longer lifetime and a higher background PAN concentration contributed to the high PAN concentrations in spring. In addition, with the utilization of the WRF-Chem (Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry) model, the cause of the extremely high PAN concentration in spring 2018 was determined. The model results demonstrated that an anomalously low pressure and the southwesterly winds in northern China might be the main causes of the increased PAN concentration in Beijing and its surrounding area in spring 2018.     

HSE管理在装置检修中的应用

中原油田第四气体处理厂装置于2006年4月8日停运检修.本次检修有如下5个特点:一是工期短,即从装置停工到开工投用仅为20天,为历史最短;二是任务重,需动用吊车拆装校验安全阀98个,更换部分塔盘等检修项目12项;三是施工危险性大,施工队伍安全管理水平参差不齐;四是检修难度大,高处交叉作业多,临时作业人员多;五是检修复杂性大,部分检修人员对现场环境不熟悉,造成检修工作相对复杂.为此,将本次大修分成5个阶段:即检修前准备阶段、装置停气吹扫阶段、检修施工阶段、检查验收阶段和装置开工投产阶段,然后结合各个阶段HSE管理的特点、难点、重点,有针对性地抓好各阶段的HSE管理工作,实现了零事故检修的目标.     

Issues with using police citations to assign responsibility in quasi-induced exposure

Crash fault determination is one of the most critical issues in applications of quasi-induced exposure. Traditionally, the driver citation issued by the investigating police officer is the primary source to assign responsibility for motor vehicle crashes. Such citations are based on the “evidence” or observation of a moving violation (such as engaged hazardous actions) in combination with non-moving violations (such as suspended driver license) prior to the crash. The objective here is to identify the contributing factors that may lead to driver citations in two-vehicle crashes in addition to the hazardous action. Multivariate binary logistic regression modeling is employed to explore the behavior of the investigating police officer in terms of issuing citation at the crash scene. A series of explanatory parameters including roadway characteristics, environmental factors, and driver and vehicle attributes is assessed. The results show that whether the crash type was a hit-and-run, alcohol and illegal drug use, driver gender, driver age, and injury severity all appear to have significant impacts on the investigating officer’s decision-making. Specific examples are given to demonstrate how two factors hit-and-run and drinking status can skew the exposure estimates in the context of quasi-induced exposure. The findings will help to serve as a basis to select appropriate parameters in assigning crash responsibility in quasi-induced exposure applications; and we make recommendations to modify existing crash database for better safety research in the future.     

生态环境监测及其发展的研究

本文以生态环境监测工作为研究对象,以其在现阶段的应用开发状态为基础,分析未来科技成长中的发展趋势。在论述中,将生态环境监测的目标与特征内容作为理论基础,引出当前生态环境监测工作发展的现状问题,并针对管理体系、技术手段、"3S"开发这三个方面,为相关研究提供例证。     

Synergistic degradation of deca-BDE by an enrichment culture and zero-valent iron

Debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether (deca-BDE) by microbe and by zero-valent iron (ZVI) has been reported previously. However, no study has indicated the presence of microorganisms and their effect on ZVI-mediated reduction of deca-BDE. Synergistic degradation of deca-BDE by an enrichment culture and ZVI was studied. It was found that synergistic effects enhanced the debromination of deca-BDE as well as promoting the reduction of lower brominated products. ZVI stimulated microbial debromination by serving as an electron donor. Correlation analysis also confirmed that ZVI was capable of enhancing microbial population in the debromination of deca-BDE. Conversely, the enrichment culture produced acid which maintained pH stability and stimulated the oxidation of ZVI. The enrichment culture supplied its energy requirements by the oxidation of ZVI and concomitant reduction of deca-BDE, but incapable of growth and reduction of BDE-209 without ZVI and vice versa. Compared to the initial culture, the microbial community of the enrichment culture became dominated by several bacterial genera based on the results of 16S rRNA-gene pyrosequencing.     

阿克达拉大气本底站NO2输送路径及潜在源分析

基于HYSPLIT模式和全球资料同化系统气象数据（GDAS）,计算了2015年12月-2016年11月阿克达拉国家大气本底站48 h气流后向轨迹,并结合同期NO₂小时监测数据,综合运用聚类分析、潜在源贡献因子法（PSCF）和浓度权重轨迹法（CWT）,分析不同季节气流轨迹对阿克达拉NO₂污染物浓度的影响,并揭示不同季节NO₂潜在污染源区分布及其贡献水平.结果表明：冬季来自东南方向的气流轨迹占比最高,春、夏、秋季气流轨迹主要来自西北方向,来自西北的长距离气流轨迹NO₂质量浓度较低;WPSCF表明重度污染网格出现在冬季的风口区如阿拉山口、达坂城谷地,四季中度污染网格出现在准噶尔盆地及周边地区、额尔齐斯河谷、哈萨克斯坦东部和俄罗斯南部;WCWT和WPSCF潜在源区分布较为一致,WCWT分析表明春、冬两季的NO₂贡献高值区污染程度大于夏、秋两季,春、冬两季NO₂污染网格贡献值为6~9 μg·m^-3,夏、秋两季污染网格贡献值集中在5~7 μg·m^-3.对于阿克达拉背景站点而言,NO₂污染物总体浓度水平较低,揭示其NO₂输送轨迹和污染源区,为区域大气污染联防联控提供重要参考.     

电芬顿反应原理研究进展

电芬顿法作为一种新型电化学氧化技术,因其强氧化能力以及环境友好的特性引起了国内外的广泛关注.电芬顿反应通过电极产生H2O2和（或）Fe2＋,进行一系列反应生成具有强氧化能力的羟基自由基·OH.为了提高电子传递速度,产生更多芬顿试剂,国内外学者研发出不同类型的电芬顿反应器.通过分析电芬顿反应中·OH浓度与有机物浓度间的关系,大多数学者在准一级反应动力学基础上确定了反应常数,然而,目前其应用仍只停留在实验室阶段,电芬顿技术的效率及机理仍需要进一步研究改进.