某边坡地震工况下的稳定性数值模拟分析

地震是引起边坡失稳的重要因素之一,文章以怒江上游干流左岸一边坡为例,利用Flac3D软件对其在地震工况下的稳定性进行了数值模拟分析。通过对比得出:在天然工况下,边坡塑性区域分布范围较小且零星,剪应变增量和位移场分布均合理分布,边坡处于稳定状态;在地震工况下,塑性区域形成贯通面,剪应力增量集中分布在基岩与变形带分界面,并且位移大幅增加,此时边坡处于失稳破坏状态。文章对揭示边坡在地震作用下失稳机制提供有益参考。     

电芬顿反应原理研究进展

电芬顿法作为一种新型电化学氧化技术,因其强氧化能力以及环境友好的特性引起了国内外的广泛关注.电芬顿反应通过电极产生H2O2和（或）Fe2＋,进行一系列反应生成具有强氧化能力的羟基自由基·OH.为了提高电子传递速度,产生更多芬顿试剂,国内外学者研发出不同类型的电芬顿反应器.通过分析电芬顿反应中·OH浓度与有机物浓度间的关系,大多数学者在准一级反应动力学基础上确定了反应常数,然而,目前其应用仍只停留在实验室阶段,电芬顿技术的效率及机理仍需要进一步研究改进.     

农林废弃物处理印染废水的进展研究

印染废水组分复杂、毒性强,危害大,是目前较难处理也是急需处理的工业废水.农林废弃物是重要的可再生资源,可通过吸附有效去除印染废水中的染料分子.介绍了未改性、物理以及化学改性后的农林废弃物吸附剂处理印染废水的研究进展,对农林废弃物处理印染废水的研究方向进行了展望.提出加强农林废弃物吸附剂改性与实际应用方面的研究将是今后印染废水处理工艺的研究发展方向.     

Biodegradation of nicosulfuron by a novel Alcaligenes faecalis strain ZWS11

A bacterial strain ZWS11 was isolated from sulfonylurea herbicide-contaminated farmland soil and identified as a potential nicosulfuron-degrading bacterium. Based on morphological and physicochemical characterization of the bacterium and phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA sequence, strain ZWS11 was identified as Alcaligenes faecalis. The effects of the initial concentration of nicosulfuron, inoculation volume, and medium pH on degradation of nicosulfuron were investigated. Strain ZWS11 could degrade 80.56% of the initial nicosulfuron supplemented at 500.0 mg/L under the conditions of pH 7.0, 180 r/min and 30°C after incubation for 6 days. Strain ZWS11 was also capable of degrading rimsulfuron, tribenuron-methyl and thifensulfuron-methyl. Four metabolites from biodegradation of nicosulfuron were identified, which were 2-aminosulfonyl-N, N-dimethylnicotinamide (M1), 4, 6-dihydroxypyrimidine (M2), 2-amino-4, 6-dimethoxypyrimidine (M3) and 2-(1-(4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yl)-ureido)-N,N-dimethyl-nicotinamide (M4). Among the metabolites detected, M2 was reported for the first time. Possible biodegradation pathways of nicosulfuron by strain ZWS11 were proposed. The degradation proceeded mainly via cleavage of the sulfonylurea bridge, O-dealkylation, and contraction of the sulfonylurea bridge by elimination of a sulfur dioxide group. The results provide valuable information for degradation of nicosulfuron in contaminated environments.     

清河流域水生态维持功能评估

利用野外样点调查数据、遥感解译数据和多年降水监测数据,从生物多样性维持功能、生境维持功能和水资源支持功能3个方面对2011年清河流域水生态维持功能进行评估,为"十二五"期间水专项在清河流域开展水环境管理技术实施示范效果评估奠定基础。结果表明:2011年清河流域生物多样性维持功能和生境维持功能较好,而水资源支持功能较差。建议通过开展生态保护工程增加植被覆盖度,增强水资源支持功能和水土保持能力。     

有效微生物技术在城市环境治理领域中的应用

随着经济的快速发展,人口数量急剧增长,我国城市水污染及生活垃圾的安全处置问题日益严重,因此找到一种简单、经济的处理方法是目前迫切需要解决的问题。介绍了有效微生物的种群特点以及处理污水的机理,阐述了有效微生物对污水处理效果的影响因素,综述了有效微生物技术在污水处理、河湖富营养化治理、生活垃圾处置等方面的研究现状,并指出了该技术在城市环境治理领域的发展趋势和研究方向。     

Comparison of different groundwater vulnerability evaluation models of typical karst areas in north China: a case of Hebi City

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Groundwater pollution is a serious problem in north China. However, the study on the vulnerability of karst groundwater is mainly in south China, and...     

Short-term effects of real-time individual fine particulate matter exposure on lung function: a panel study in Zhuhai,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is still the primary air pollutant in most Chinese cities and its adverse effects on lung function have been widely...     

太阳能光伏废水处理设施脱氮功能优化实例

某太阳能光伏企业的生产废水约4000 m³/d,废水中的主要污染物是少量的氟离子和大量硝态氮,原废水工艺中缺少去除硝态氮的功能。在原废水处理设施基础上,将生化处理工艺优化为“A/O反硝化”工艺,增加碳源投加设备。工程实践表明,工艺优化后,硝态氮得以有效去除,TN去除率达到95%,出水水质达到《电池工业污染物排放标准》(GB30484—2013)表2的间接标准。     

Effects of alkali,autoclaving, and Fe+ autoclaving pretreatment on anaerobic digestion performance of coking sludge from the perspective of sludge extracts and methane production

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Pretreatment of activated sludge is an important step in increasing the reaction speed during anaerobic digestion by accelerating the hydrolysis...