高温合金螺栓蠕变失效分析

针对高温螺栓的蠕变变形失效,通过组织成分和表面形貌分析查找材料塑性下降、蠕变失效的原因,并从控制元素含量和热处理工艺方面提出了应对措施.     

安全生产隐患排查治理工作研究

本文对安全生产隐患排查治理专项行动开展以来的成效及问题进行研究，探讨通过采取建章立制、落实责任、注重科学、讲求实效等措施，建立完善安全生产隐患排查治理工作的体制、机制，使安全生产隐患排查治理工作进一步制度化、规范化、经常化，有效遏制重特大事故的发生，促进安全生产状况持续稳定好转。     

经济发达地区土地可持续利用主要矛盾及其成因分析

本文从阐述土地利用的主要矛盾特征入手，分析了经济发达地区土地利用矛盾的自然成因及战略偏差、结构偏差及利益偏差等深层实质，提出了解决我国尤其是经济发达地区日益尖锐的土地利用矛盾以及实现土地资源可持续利用的根本途径。     

中国民用核设施退役基金研究

总结了国际上有核国家在核设施退役资金方面的基本情况,包括资金的来源、征集、使用情况、管理模式、退役基金的建立及运作情况等,对中国现有的民用核设施情况进行阐述,对未来50年内计划退役的民用核设施进行统计,初步估算了退役所需的费用.调研中国民用核设施退役资金管理的现状,分析在退役资金方面存在的主要问题,并提出相应的建议.     

Effects of protein properties on ultrafiltration membrane fouling performance in water treatment

Protein-like substances always induce severe ultrafiltration (UF) membrane fouling. To systematically understand the effect of proteins, regenerated cellulose UF membrane (commonly used for protein separation) performance was investigated in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) under various water conditions. Results showed that although trypsin enhanced the membrane flux via proteolysis, catalysis took a long time. Membrane fouling was alleviated at high solution pH and low water temperature owing to the strong electrostatic repulsion force among BSA molecules. Both Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ could increase membrane flux. However, Ca²⁺ played a bridging role between adjacent BSA molecules, whereas membrane fouling was alleviated via a hydration repulsion force with Na⁺. The order of influence on membrane fouling was as follows: Ca²⁺ concentration > Na⁺ concentration > pH > temperature > trypsin concentration. Furthermore, a polyvinylidene fluoride UF membrane experiment showed that Ca²⁺ could reduce the fouling induced by BSA. Thus, the differences in UF membrane performance will have application potential for alleviating UF membrane fouling induced by proteins during water treatment.     

Possible role of extracellular vesicles in exogenous chemical exposure-associated health concern

Extracellular vesicles(EVs) are mediators of intercellular message communication by transferring lipids, proteins, genetic materials, and are therefore involved in a wide spectrum of physiological or pathological processes. Exogenous chemicals exposure may affect the function of EVs at the biogenesis, secretion, transport or reception stage, which could further result in abnormal information communication between cells, and thus induce toxicity and diseases. This review briefly explores the role of EVs in chemical exposure-associated health concern and progressive diseases.     

Preferential binding between intracellular organic matters and Al13 polymer to enhance coagulation performance

Coagulation is the best available method for removing intracellular organic matter (IOM), which is released from algae cells and is an important precursor to disinfection by-products in drinking water treatment. To gain insight into the best strategy to optimize IOM removal, the coagulation performance of two Al salts, i.e., aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) and polyaluminum chloride (PACl, containing 81.2% Al₁₃), was investigated to illuminate the effect of Al species distribution on IOM removal. PACl showed better removal efficiency than AlCl₃ with regard to the removal of turbidity and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), owing to the higher charge neutralization effect and greater stability of pre-formed Al₁₃ species. High pressure size exclusion chromatography analysis indicated that the superiority of PACl in DOC removal could be ascribed to the higher binding affinity between Al₁₃ polymer and the low and medium molecular weight (MW) fractions of IOM. The results of differential log-transformed absorbance at 254 and 350?nm indicated more significant formation of complexes between AlCl₃ and IOM, which benefits the removal of tryptophan-like proteins thereafter. Additionally, PACl showed more significant superiority compared to AlCl₃ in the removal of < 5?kDa and hydrophilic fractions, which are widely viewed as the most difficult to remove by coagulation. This study provides insight into the interactions between Al species and IOM, and advances the optimization of coagulation for the removal of IOM in eutrophic water.