城市中水综合利用深度脱氮技术研究和工程示范

分析了城市中水综合利用深度脱氮技术研究的必要性和意义,提出曝气生物流化床(ABFT)工艺进行城市中水深度脱氮研究的技术核心,得出ABFT工艺在HRT1.5h,设计NH3-N负荷0.6 kgNH3-N/(m3.d),出水NH3-N稳定低于1.0 mg/L,NH3-N平均去除率高达95%,建立30000 m3/d城市中水综合利用示范工程.     

试论汶川抗震救灾新特点

汶川大地震是建国以来震级最强、破坏性和救灾难度最大的一次自然灾害.面对如此巨灾大难,中国在救灾观念、政策、方式等方面进行创新,使汶川抗震救灾呈现出新特点:在救灾理念上突出以人为本;救灾信息公开透明;救灾方针强调开放性;救灾呈现国际性;救灾捐赠广泛性和多样性;注重心理救助;志愿者的广泛参与.汶川抗震救灾所形成的"政府主导,社会参与"的救灾机制对于中国救灾机制的创新和公民社会的发展都具有积极意义.     

基于风险的检测技术(RBI)在尿素合成装置中的应用

采用基于风险检测的(RBI)方法对尿素合成装置进行风险评估.根据风险评估结果对装置中的四大高压设备进行了风险排序,并给出了合适的检测措施,制定了基于RBI分析的优化的检验策略.通过评估,降低了设备的风险,提高了设备的检修效率,增加了企业的经济效益.     

"以人为本"理念在安全文化建设中的实践

企业要搞好安全生产工作,必须坚持以人为本。因为人是生产过程中最活跃的要素,是安全生产的实践者,安全文化的核心。在企业安全文化建设中,如何坚持以人为本呢？     

纳板河保护区生态旅游资源分析与评价

在总结调查资料的基础上,以西双版纳纳板河流域国家级自然保护区的生态旅游资源为研究对象,对其进行分类并评价,以期为今后保护区旅游开发提供科学依据。     

EDTA滴定法测定水中总硬度时缓冲溶液配制的改进

针对EDTA滴定法测定水中总硬度(简称标准法)时,缓冲溶液配制繁琐,耗时较长的情况,提出了对缓冲溶液配制的改进方法(简称改进法)。改进法很好地克服了标准法的不足。通过地表水、地下水以及总硬度标准样品的比对测定,两者的测定结果无显著差异。     

钢铁酸洗废水深度净化回用工程研究

以钢铁酸洗废水为研究对像,研究一种基于微波催化纳米气泡氧化的工艺技术,对废水进行深度净化回用,其特征是:使废水中水、铁、酸有效分离,各自回用,全系统近乎零排放。     

Fate of tetracyclines in swine manure of three selected swine farms in China

Veterinary antibiotics can enter the environment due to the common practice of land application of manure from treated animals. The environmental fate of tetracyclines in swine manure after composting and field application remains largely unknown. This study analyzed the concentrations of tetracyclines in manure, manure-based compost and compost amended soil in selected swine farms from Beijing, Jiaxing and Putian, China to determine the dilution effects of antibiotics when released into the soil environment. The results demonstrate that residues of antibiotics were detected in all samples and chlortetracycline as well as its degradation products should be regarded critically concerning their potential ecotoxicity. Application of manure-based compost to soil could reduce the possible risk posed by antibiotic contamination, but the trigger value of 100 μupg/kg was still exceeded in soil samples (776.1 μupg/kg dw) from Putian City after application of compost. Field studies such as the present one can help to improve the routine administration of antibiotic-containing composted manure.     

水泥混凝处理模拟染料废水及其循环再生利用的研究

以常见的CA-70铝酸盐水泥、32.5R硅酸盐水泥、白水泥作为混凝剂,处理活性艳蓝X-BR模拟染料废水。在测定模拟废水在混凝过程中有机物含量以及pH值变化的基础上,探讨了以水泥替代传统混凝剂的可行性。依据水泥水化产物的性质,采用高温煅烧方法使混凝剂再生,实现了其循环使用的目的。研究结果表明:水泥作为混凝剂,在水化过程中能形成具有良好混凝性能的形态,对模拟染料废水中活性艳蓝X-BR去除率达90%以上,且通过高温再生后,可重复使用10次以上,出水均达到纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准。混凝污泥的沉淀性能良好,便于稳定化处理。     

Spatial heterogeneity of cyanobacterial communities and genetic variation of Microcystis populations within large, shallow eutrophic lakes (Lake Taihu and Lake Chaohu, China)

Cyanobacteria, specifically Microcystis, usually form massive blooms in eutrophic freshwater lakes. Cyanobacterial samples were collected from eight sites of both Lake Taihu and Lake Chaohu in late summer to determine the diversity and distribution pattern of cyanobacteria and Microcystis in large, shallow, entropic lakes with significant spatial heterogeneity and long-term Microcystis bloom. Molecular methods based on denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and clone library analysis were used. A similar heterogeneous distribution pattern of cyanobacteria in both lakes was observed. Most parts of these two lakes with high trophic level were dominated by Microcystis. However, in the regions with low trophic levels as well as low concentrations of chlorophyll a, Synechococcus occupied a considerable percentage. Different morphospecies and genotypes dominated the bloom-forming Microcystis populations in these two lakes. Microcystis viridis and Microcystis novacekii were dominant in Lake Chaohu, whereas Microcystis flos-aquae was dominant in Lake Taihu. Only 2 of the13 Microcystis operational taxonomic units were shared between these two lakes. Analysis of molecular variance based on 16S to 23S internal transcribed spacer sequences indicated the significant genetic differentiation of Microcystis between these two lakes (F_st = 0.19, p < 0.001). However, only 19.46% of the genetic variability was explained by the population variation between lakes, whereas most (80.54%) of the genetic variability occurred within the lakes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed no phylogeographic structure of Microcystis population in these two lakes, as illustrated by their cosmopolitan nature. Our results revealed that spatial heterogeneity within lakes has more impact on the cyanobacterial diversity than geographical isolation in a local scale.