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921.
The layered laurylsulfonate intercalated green rust (lauryl-S GR) was synthesized to evaluate the influence of synthesis parameters and aqueous conditions on the adsorption of CeIV. The maximum adsorption capacity of 305.58 mg/g by lauryl-S GR was predictably obtained. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model was appropriate in fitting the whole uptake process in a weak acid environment. Three isotherm models including Langmuir, Freundlich, and Tempkin were all reliable in depicting the isotherm adsorption process. The maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of lauryl-S GR towards CeIV was 315.46 mg/g. Ce species including CeO and Ce2O3 besides CeO2 were matched in the XPS distribution, directly indicating the reduction reaction brought by FeII in the GR occurred to hydrated CeIV ions during the adsorption. Nano-sized Ce particles attached to the lauryl-S GRs after the adsorption experiments were observed in the morphological characterization. Flocculated materials were formed on the surface of the lauryl-S GR at a pH of 7, which further reduced the active sites and disrupted the continuous uptake of CeIV to the lauryl-S GR. This study expands the application of GRs and supplies an ideal iron-based material for the construction of the affiliated recovery pathway to the traditional separation of Ce. 相似文献
922.
High abundance of algae and eutrophication were observed in mangrove wetlands and these were estimated to be associated with root exudates of some specific mangrove plants to a certain extent.Root exudates form allelopathic effects from mangroves.The main secondary metabolites of Aegiceras corniculatum had been detected to be organic phenolic acids.Gallic acid had been isolated and identified from A.corniculatum.The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of gallic acid on alge Cyclotella caspia was tested as 15.46mg/L.The effects on algal cell morphology were mainly shown as elongated cells,with no apparent cell inclusions,such as oil droplets,chloroplast.At a dose of 2mg/L,gallic acid had a stimulative effect on the specific growth rate of algae on day 3.The contents of malondialdehyde,superoxide dismutase,soluble carbohydrates and chlorophyll a in algal cells showed an overall "low promotion and high suppression".Our results could provide preliminary and valuable reference on the complex influences of mangroves on microecology and microbial communities in the rhizosphere system. 相似文献
923.
Distribution of heavy metals in sediments of the Pearl River Estuary, Southern China: Implications for sources and historical changes 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The distribution of heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cd and As) in sediments of the Pearl River Estuary was investigated. The spatial distribution of heavy metals displayed a decreasing pattern from the turbidity maxima to both upstream and downstream of the estuary, which suggested that suspended sediments played an important role in the trace metal distribution in the Pearl River Estuary. In addition, metal concentrations were higher in the west part of the estuary which received most of the pollutants from the Pearl River. In the sediment cores, fluxes of heavy metals were consistent with a predominant anthropogenic input in the period 1970-1990. From the mid-1990s to the 2000s, there was a significant decline in heavy metal pollution. The observed decline has shown the result of pollution control in the Pearl River Delta. However, it is noteworthy that the metal concentrations in the most recent sediment still remained considerably high. Taken together, the enrichment of heavy metals in sediments was largely controlled by anthropogenic pollution. 相似文献
924.
外生菌根对欧洲赤松苗(Pinussylvestris)Cu、Zn积累和分配的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
通过测定2种不同施锌和施铜水平下苗木和离体菌丝中铜锌含量研究了接种外生菌根(Suillusbovinus)对欧洲赤松(Pi-nussylvestris)苗生长和微量元素积累和分配的影响. 结果表明菌丝的侵染增加了苗木生长同时也增加了植物体内重金属的含量.然而菌根植物中的重金属大部分分布在根部在铜处理中菌根植物地下部分的铜含量是无菌根植物的2.6倍在锌处理中锌是无菌根植物的1.3 倍. 说明菌丝侵染使植物将过量的重金属滞留在根部从而增加了植物对过量重金属的抗性.通过进一步测定培养在过量重金属中的离体菌丝的重金属含量结果显示随着外界重金属浓度的增加菌丝分泌物内重金属含量比菌丝内重金属含量增加快说明滞留在根部的重金属可能并没有进入根系而是以某种形态滞留在菌丝分泌物和菌丝内. 相似文献
925.
Juan Huang Jun Xiao Yang Guo Wenzu Guan Chong Cao Chunni Yan Mingyu Wang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(1):319-330
Silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) have been widely used in many fields,which raised concerns about potential threats to biological sewage treatment systems.In this study,the phosphorus removal performance,enzymatic activity and microbial population dynamics in constructed wetlands(CWs) were evaluated under a long-term exposure to Ag NPs(0,50,and 200 μg/L) for 450 days.Results have shown that Ag NPs inhibited the phosphorus removal efficiency in a short-term exposure,whereas caused no obviously negative effects from a long-term perspective.Moreover,in the coexisting CW system of Ag NPs and phosphorus,competition exhibited in the initial exposure phase,however,cooperation between them was observed in later phase.Enzymatic activity of acid-phosphatase at the moderate temperature(10–20°C) was visibly higher than that at the high temperature(20–30℃) and CWs with Ag NPs addition had no appreciable differences compared with the control.High-throughput sequencing results indicated that the microbial richness,diversity and composition of CWs were distinctly affected with the extension of exposure time at different Ag NPs levels.However,the phosphorus removal performance of CWs did not decline with the decrease of polyphosphate accumulating organisms(PAOs),which also confirmed that adsorption precipitation was the main way of phosphorus removal in CWs.The study suggested that Ag NPs and phosphorus could be removed synergistically in the coexistence system.This work has some reference for evaluating the influences of Ag NPs on the phosphorus removal and the interrelation between them in CWs. 相似文献
926.
927.
Black carbons(e.g.,charcoal) have a great impact on the transport of organic contaminants in soil and water because of its strong affnity and ubiquity in the environment.To further elucidate their interaction mechanism,sorption of polar(p-nitrotoluene,m-dinitrobenzene and nitrobenzene) and nonpolar(naphthalene) aromatic contaminants to burned straw ash charcoal under different de-ashed treatments were investigated.The sorption isotherms fitted well with Freundlich equation,and the Freundlich N values were all around 0.31-0.38,being independent of the sorbate properties and sorbent types.After sequential removal of ashes by acid treatments(HCl and HCl-HF) ,both adsorption and partition were enhanced due to the enrichment of charcoal component.The separated contribution of adsorption and partition to total sorption were quantified.The effective carbon content in ash charcoal functioned as adsorption sites,partition phases,and hybrid regions with adsorption and partition were conceptualized and calculated.The hybrid regions increased obviously after de-ashed treatment.The linear relationships of Freundlich N values with the charring-temperature of charcoal or biochar(the charred byproduct in biomass pyrolysis) were observed based on the current study and the cited publications which included 15 different temperatures(100-850°C) ,10 kinds of precursors of charcoal/biochar,and 10 organic sorbates. 相似文献
928.
黑藻对铅离子的生物吸附 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了黑藻对Pb^2+的生物吸附作用,考察了溶液pH、Pb^2+初始质量浓度、黑藻加入量和吸附时间对吸附效果的影响。实验结果表明,溶液pH在2.5~5.0时吸附效果最好,吸附20min基本达到平衡。在溶液pH为4.0、黑藻加入量为2g/L、吸附时间为60min、Pb^2+初始质量浓度为100mg/L的条件下,黑藻对Pb^2+的吸附量为47.5mg/g。通过元素分析和等温吸附模型对黑藻吸附Pb^2+的机理进行了研究,发现黑藻吸附Pb“是阳离子交换过程,吸附符合Langmuir、Freundlich和D—R等温吸附模型。考察了Cd^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+对黑藻吸附Pb^2+的影响,结果表明,Cd^2+、Cu^2+和Ni^2+的存在不干扰黑藻对Pb^2+的吸附。 相似文献
929.
930.