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491.
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494.
对京杭运河常州段8个研究点位水体中的氮形态(TN、NH4+-N、NO2--N和NO3--N)和环境因子(pH、T和DO)进行了连续9个月的动态监测,全面研究了各氮形态的随时间和空间的动态变化规律,并对各氮形态及环境因子进行了相关性分析。常州段水体月平均NH4+-N变化范围为(0.589±0.351)~(3.148±1.178)mg.L-1,TN变化范围为(3.373±1.379)~(7.373±2.307)mg.L-1,枯水期到丰水期各氮形态整体表现出波动性下降趋势,其中出境断面NH4+-N下降趋势平稳,NO3--N则是主导出境断面TN含量的主要形态。各点位NH4+-N的平均浓度范围为(1.202±0.492)~(2.813±1.566)mg.L-1,TN范围为(3.520±0.504)~(8.349±3.679)mg.L-1,各形态氮含量基本呈现出上游段(S)〈新运河(G)〈老运河(L)〈下游(X)的空间分布特征,其中下游段存在一个重要的氮素上升突变段,NO3--N是对TN的贡献率(43.8%~57.4%)最大的无机态氮,其次是NH4+-N、ON、NO2--N,其中有机氮对TN的贡献率(13.3%)则以老河段最高。NH4+-N和NO3--N、TN、pH相关系数分别为0.397**、0.932**、0.261*,与DO相关系数为-0.344**,陆源输入及DO不足是京杭运河常州段氮污染严重的重要原因。 相似文献
495.
Bacillus sp. CDB3 isolated from an arsenic contaminated cattledip site possesses an uncommon arsenic resistance (ars) operon bearing eight genes in the order of arsRYCDATorf7orf8. We investigated the functions of arsA, arsT, orf7 and orf8 in arsenic resistance using a plasmid-based gene knockout approach in the ars genedeficient Escherichia coli strain AW3110. The CDB3 arsA genewas shown to play a significant role in resistance, suggesting that the encoded ArsA may couplewith the arsenite transporter, forming an ArsAY complex that can enhance arsenite extrusion efficiency. Thedisruption of either arsT or orf7was not observed to affect arsenic resistance in the heterologous E. coli host, but their involvement in arsenic resistance can not be excluded. The orf8 gene is predicted to encode a putativedual-specificity protein phosphatasewhich also shares certain homology to arsenate reductases. The function loss of orf8 resulted in a remarkabledecrease in resistance to arsenate, though not arsenite. To examine if this effectwasdue to the reduction of arsenate by orf8, the arsC genewithin the 8-gene operonwasdisrupted. The resulting abolishment of arsenate resistance suggests that the involvement of orf8 in arsenic resistance is not via reductase activity. 相似文献
496.
随着新世纪形势下经济的持续快速发展,人口的不断增加,环境保护工作面临着严峻的挑战.环境监察正是针对环保工作开展的一种直接、具体的环境保护执法行为.进行环境监察,有利于国家节能减排的政策实施,有利于提高人们环境保护的意识,也有利于改善环境的质量,降低环境污染.进行环境监察,有利于实现我国社会主义法治国家的特点,实现执法为民,司法为公,努力促进社会主义和谐社会的发展. 相似文献
497.
Rong Hu Weiwei Huang Congmian Ren Ling Liu Yaping Hou Yunan Wang Jian Lu 《黑龙江环境通报》2023,43(10):1355-1365
Objective
To explore the intrauterine phenotypic spectrum of short stature homeobox-containing (SHOX) gene-associated skeletal dysplasia and provide genetic counseling at-risk pregnancies.Method
We analyzed the fetuses with SHOX-microdeletions identified by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-array. The intrauterine phenotypes and outcomes were further elaborated.Results
Nine fetuses carrying a single SHOX-microdeletion were reported, with deletion sizes ranging from 0.134 to 1.35 Mb. Shortened long bones were observed in all fetuses, varying from −2.0 standard deviation (SD) to −5.3 SD. Moreover, all cases had a femur length/foot ratio less than 0.87 and a femur/abdominal circumference ratio greater than 0.16, suggesting that non-lethal skeletal dysplasia may be involved. Two fetuses showed intrauterine growth restriction, and two had nasal bone hypoplasia. Prenatal ultrasonography did not reveal other obvious anomalies, including the Madelung deformity. Five microdeletions were inherited and one was de novo. Five terminations and four newborns were recorded. Two newborns had normal stature, and two were short-statured (height <3rd percentile), with one having inflexible wrists.Conclusions
SHOX haploinsufficiency may manifest with shortened fetal long bones. The combination of history taking, prenatal ultrasonography, and SNP-array can prompt early prenatal diagnosis and timely postnatal treatment of SHOX-associated skeletal dysplasia. 相似文献498.
Tian-Yang Zhang Yong-Shan Lu Zhen-Ning Luo Wen-Jun Sun Bin Xu Chen-Yan Hu Yu-Lin Tang Zheng-Yu Dong Xiao-Meng Ren 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(7):141-150
UV/peroxymonosulfate (UV/PMS) advanced oxidation process has attracted significant attention for removal of micropollutants in water. However, during practical water treatment applications, the PMS treatment must be performed before the UV treatment to achieve full contact. In this study, sulfamethoxazole (SMX) was selected as the target micropollutant. Four different operational approaches, including UV alone, PMS alone, simultaneous UV/PMS and sequential PMS-UV, were compared for their differences in SMX removal and disinfection by-product (DBP) formation potentials during chlorine-driven disinfection. Among the four approaches, UV/PMS and PMS-UV achieved over 90% removal efficiencies for SMX without substantial differences. For raw water, the trichloronitromethane (TCNM) formation potential after treatment with PMS-UV was lower than that after UV/PMS treatment. The time interval over which the PMS-UV process was conducted had little effect on the final removal efficiency for SMX. However, a brief (5 min) pre-PMS treatment significantly reduced the TCNM formation potential and the genotoxicity from DBPs. The formation risk for TCNM during chlorination increased markedly with increasing PMS dosages, and the appropriate dosage under these experimental conditions was suggested to be 0.5–1.0 mmol/L. Under alkaline conditions, PMS-UV treatment can enhance SMX degradation as well as dramatically reduced the formation potentials for haloketones, haloacetonitriles and halonitromethanes. This study suggests that proper optimization of UV/PMS processes can remove SMX and reduce its DBP formation. 相似文献
499.
Qiongfang Zhuo Xiaofeng Xu Shuibo Xie Xiuwen Ren Zhongying Chen Bo Yang Yanliang Li Junfeng Niu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2022,34(6):103-113
The simultaneous electro-oxidation of Ni (II)-citrate and electrodeposition recovery of nickel metal were attempted in a combined electro-oxidation-electrodeposition reactor with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode and a polished titanium cathode. Effects of initial nickel citrate concentration, current density, initial pH, electrode spacing, electrolyte type, and initial electrolyte dosage on electrochemical performance were examined. The efficiencies of Ni (II)-citrate removal and nickel metal recovery were determined to be 100% and over 72%, respectively, under the optimized conditions (10 mA/cm2, pH 4.09, 80 mmol/L Na2SO4, initial Ni (II)-citrate concentration of 75 mg/L, electrode spacing of 1 cm, and 180 min of electrolysis). Energy consumption increased with increased current density, and the energy consumption was 0.032 kWh/L at a current density of 10 mA/cm2 (pH 6.58). The deposits at the cathode were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These characterization results indicated that the purity of metallic nickel in cathodic deposition was over 95%. The electrochemical system exhibited a prospective approach to oxidize metal complexes and recover metallic nickel. 相似文献
500.
Assessing the capacity of biochar to stabilize copper and lead in contaminated sediments using chemical and extraction methods 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mingming Wang Liangsuo Ren Dayang Wang Zuansi Cai Xuefeng Xi Aizhong Ding 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2019,31(5):91-99
Because of its high adsorption capacity, biochar has been used to stabilize metals when remediating contaminated soils; to date, however, it has seldom been used to remediate contaminated sediment. A biochar was used as a stabilization agent to remediate Cu- and Pb-contaminated sediments, collected from three locations in or close to Beijing. The sediments were mixed with a palm sawdust gasified biochar at a range of weight ratios (2.5%, 5%, and 10%) and incubated for 10, 30, or 60?days. The performance of the different treatments and the heavy metal fractions in the sediments were assessed using four extraction methods, including diffusive gradients in thin films, the porewater concentration, a sequential extraction, and the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure. The results showed that biochar could enhance the stability of heavy metals in contaminated sediments. The degree of stability increased as both the dose of biochar and the incubation time increased. The sediment pH and the morphology of the metal crystals adsorbed onto the biochar changed as the contact time increased. Our results showed that adsorption, metal crystallization, and the pH were the main controls on the stabilization of metals in contaminated sediment by biochar. 相似文献