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基于1983—2019年文献计量对多环芳烃降解基因研究及进展的剖析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为全面、系统地了解1983—2019年37年间多环芳烃降解基因研究领域的发文趋势、主要的研究国家和机构、研究热点及其变化趋势等,本文以Web of Science核心数据库为数据源,利用文献计量学方法对此进行分析,结果表明:①全球对多环芳烃降解基因研究的重视程度越来越高,而且分子生物学的技术手段在该研究领域中得到了广泛应用,发文主要集中于微生物学、生物技术与应用微生物学、环境科学等3个学科;②美国、中国、日本、德国等国家发文较多,相比其他国家,中国需进一步加强与其他研究机构间的交流合作;③1983—1995年该研究领域侧重于高效降解菌的筛选及其特性研究,1996—2019年则大规模展开了对其降解途径多样性的研究,近年来更侧重于运用多种生物信息技术来研究多环芳烃的代谢机理及构建生物降解调节机制;④目前已报道了nah、phd、nag、phn、nar和nid等6类多环芳烃降解菌的功能基因,为污染场地的生物修复提供了相应支撑. 相似文献
564.
Hemraj Bhattarai Lekhendra Tripathee Shichang Kang Chhatra Mani Sharm Pengfei Chen Junming Guo Prakriti Sharma Ghimire 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2021,33(4):37-52
Precipitation represents an important phenomenon for carbon and nitrogen deposition. Here, the concentrations and fluxes of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) with their potential sources were analyzed in wet precipitation during summer monsoon from the Northern Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP), important but neglected area. The volume-weighted mean (VWM) concentration of DOC and TDN were 687.04 and 1210.23 µg/L, respectively. Similarly, the VWM concentration of major ions were in a sequence of NH4+ > Ca2+ > SO42- > Na+ > K+ > NO3? > Cl? > Mg2+ > F? > NO2?, suggesting NH4+ and Ca2+ from agricultural activities and crustal dust played a vital role in precipitation chemistry. Moreover, the wet deposition flux of DOC and TDN were 9.95 and 17.06 kg/(ha?year), respectively. The wet deposition flux of inorganic nitrogen species such as NH4+-N and NO3?-N were 14.31 and 0.47 kg/(ha?year), respectively, demonstrating the strong influence of emission sources and precipitation volume. Source attribution from different analysis suggested the influence of biomass burning on DOC and anthropogenic activities (agriculture, animal husbandry) on nitrogenous species. The air-mass back trajectory analysis indicated the influence of air masses originating from the Bay of Bengal, which possibly carried marine and anthropogenic pollutants along with the biomass burning emissions to the sampling site. This study bridges the data gap in the less studied part of the northern IGP region and provides new information for policy makers to deal with pollution control. 相似文献
565.
全氟丁基磺酸钾(PFBSK)作为全氟辛基磺酸(PFOS)潜在的替代品,极易溶于水,主要存在于水体中,因而其水生毒性的研究十分重要。采用OECD 201、OECD 202、OECD 203和OECD 211标准试验方法,研究了PFBSK对羊角月牙藻(Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata)、大型溞(Daphnia magna)和中国本土鱼种稀有鮈鲫(Gobiocypris rarus)的急性毒性效应以及对大型溞繁殖的影响。组合多终点急慢性水生生物毒性结果:PFBSK的急性毒性终点均大于100 mg·L-1,大型溞繁殖试验的无观察效应浓度(NOEC)为571 mg·L-1,最低可观察效应浓度(LOEC)为981 mg·L-1。按GHS分类导则,PFBSK未表现出急性毒性和慢性毒性。与之相比,PFOS则对水生生物表现出毒性,黑头软口鲦(Pimephales promelas)为最敏感物种,其96 h-LC50为4.7 mg·L-1;大型溞繁殖试验的NOEC为12 mg·L-1。按GHS分类导则,属于中等毒性物质。可见,PFBSK较PFOS水生毒性明显降低。 相似文献
566.
Wet precipitation chemistry at a high-altitude site (3,326 m a.s.l.) in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bin Liu Shichang Kang Jimin Sun Yulan Zhang Ri Xu Yongjie Wang Yongwen Liu Zhiyuan Cong 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(7):5013-5027
This paper presents the results of wet precipitation chemistry from September 2009 to August 2010 at a high-altitude forest site in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau (TP). The alkaline wet precipitation, with pH ranging from 6.25 to 9.27, was attributed to the neutralization of dust in the atmosphere. Wet deposition levels of major ions and trace elements were generally comparable with other alpine and remote sites around the world. However, the apparently greater contents/fluxes of trace elements (V, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Cd), compared to those in central and southern TP and pristine sites of the world, reflected potential anthropogenic disturbances. The almost equal mole concentrations and perfect linear relationships of Na+ and Cl? suggested significant sea-salts sources, and was confirmed by calculating diverse sources. Crust mineral dust was responsible for a minor fraction of the chemical components (less than 15 %) except Al and Fe, while most species (without Na+, Cl?, Mg2+, Al, and Fe) arose mainly from anthropogenic activities. High values of as-K+ (anthropogenic sources potassium), as-SO4 2?, and as-NO3 ? observed in winter and spring demonstrated the great effects of biomass burning and fossil fuel combustion in these seasons, which coincided with haze layer outburst in South Asia. Atmospheric circulation exerted significant influences on the chemical components in wet deposition. Marine air masses mainly originating from the Bay of Bengal provided a large number of sea salts to the chemical composition, while trace elements during summer monsoon seasons were greatly affected by industrial emissions from South Asia. The flux of wet deposition was 1.12 kg?N?ha?1?year?1 for NH4 +–N and 0.29 kg?N?ha?1?year?1 for NO3 ?–N. The total atmospheric deposition of N was estimated to be 6.41 kg?N?ha?1?year?1, implying potential impacts on the alpine ecosystem in this region. 相似文献
567.
Zirui Zhang Chenhang Zhang Huan Liu Feng Bin Xiaolin Wei Running Kang Shaohua Wu Wenming Yang Hongpeng Xu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2023,17(9):109
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569.
采用投加预处理烟束曲霉(Aspergillus fumisynnematus)死菌体的方法去除含铬废水中的Cr(Ⅵ).考察了不同溶液初始pH值、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度、死菌体投加量及温度条件下,CTAB预处理烟束曲霉死菌体对Cr(Ⅵ)还原速率和总Cr的平衡吸附率的影响,并根据红外光谱分析初步探讨了CTAB预处理烟束曲霉死菌体与Cr的相互作用机理.结果表明:CTAB预处理烟束曲霉死菌体对总Cr有良好的吸附效果,在30℃.150 r·min-1,pH 2.0的条件下,在100mL浓度20gg·L-1的Cr(Ⅵ)溶液中投加0.5 g CTAB预处理烟束曲霉死菌体,2h内总Cr最大吸附率达到了72%,约为原死菌体总Cr吸附率的2倍,但反应达到平衡后的总Cr吸附率下降到30%左右.吸附平衡后的解吸实验结果表明Cr(Ⅵ)几乎全部被还原为Cr(Ⅲ).在实验pH值范围内,pH值越低、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度越小、预处理死菌体投加量越大以及温度越高,越有利于Cr(Ⅵ)的还原;pH值越高、Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度越小、预处理死菌体投加量越大以及温度越低,对总Cr的平衡吸附率越大.预处理死菌体与Cr的相互作用主要是氨基和羧基与不同形态Cr的吸附作用以及菌体对Cr(Ⅵ)的还原作用. 相似文献
570.
Zhaobo Wang Chen Kang Shuqin Zhang Xiaoqin Zhang Zhiqun Deng 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2020,55(8):704-711
AbstractIn order to solve the problem of heavy metal-organic compound soil pollution, in this paper, we developed a highly efficient electro kinetic-laccase combined remediation (EKLCR) system. The results showed that the EKLCR system had an obvious migration effect on heavy metals (copper and cadmium) and good migration-degradation effect on phenanthrene. The migration rates of copper and cadmium were 48.3% and 40.3%, respectively. Especially, with the presence of laccase, the removal rate of phenanthrene on Cu2+-contaminated soil was higher than that of Cd2+-contaminated soil due to the significant effect of heavy metals on the enzymatic activity of laccase. The average migration-degradation rate of phenanthrene by EKLCR system was 45.4%. Finally, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to analyze the degradation intermediates of phenanthrene in the soil, which included 9,10-Phenanthrenequinone, phthalic acid, and 2,2-Biphenyldicarboxylic Acid. In addition, we give the possible degradation pathways of phenanthrene, 2,2-Biphenyldicarboxylic Acid is further degraded to produce phthalic acid. The products of the phthalic acid metabolic pathway are protocatechuic acid, pyruvic acid or succinic acid, the final products of these organic acids are carbon dioxide and water. 相似文献