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排序方式: 共有949条查询结果,搜索用时 687 毫秒
641.
Shiwei Sun Shichang Kang Junming Guo Qianggong Zhang Rukumesh Paudyal Xuejun Sun Dahe Qin 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2018,30(6):130-142
The Tibetan Plateau(TP) is recognized as "Water Tower of Asia". Yet our understanding of mechanisms influencing incorporation of mercury(Hg) into freshwater in mountain glaciers on the TP remains quite limited. Extensive sampling of environmental matrices(e.g., snow/ice)were conducted on the East Rongbuk glacier on Mt. Everest and Zhadang glacier on Mt.Nyainqentanglha for Hg speciation analysis. Speciated Hg behaved quite different during snowmelt: a preferential early release of DHg(dissolved Hg) was observed at the onset of snowmelt, whereas PHg(particulate-bound Hg) and THg(total Hg) become relatively enriched in snow and released later. Small fraction of Hg in snow was lost during a snowmelt day(18.9%–34.7%) with a large proportion(58.1%–87.3%) contributed by PHg decrease, indicating that the deposited Hg is most likely retained in glacier snow/ice. Furthermore, THg were positively correlated with PHg and crustal major ions(e.g., Ca~(2+), Mg~(2+)) during snowmelt, indicating that Hg is mainly migrated with particulates. The main pathway of Hg loss during snowmelt was most probably associated with release of PHg with meltwater, which was greatly influenced by ablation intensity of snow/ice. This should be paid particular concern as Hg preserved in mountain glaciers will mostly enter aquatic ecosystem as climate warms, impacting on downstream ecosystems adversely. Obvious decrease of THg during the downstream transport from glacier was observed with a large proportion contributed by PHg decrease. The main removal mechanism of Hg was associated with sedimentation of PHg during the transport process. 相似文献
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643.
Herein,palygorskite(PAL)was activated via a simple hydrothermal process in the presence of ammonium sulfide,and the effects of activation on the microstructure,physico-chemical feature and adsorption behaviors of PAL were intensively investigated.The hydrothermal process evidently improved the dispersion of PAL crystal bundles,increased surface negative charges and built more active –Si–O-groups served as the new"adsorption sites".The adsorption property of the activated PAL for Methyl Violet(MV)was systematically investigated by optimizing the adsorption variables,including p H,ionic strength,contact time and initial MV concentration.The activated PAL exhibited a superior adsorption capability to the raw PAL for the removal of MV(from 156.05 to 218.11 mg/g).The kinetics for MV adsorption followed pseudo second-order kinetic models,while the isotherm and thermodynamics results showed that the adsorption pattern well followed the Langmuir model.The structure analysis of PAL before and after adsorption demonstrated that electrostatic interaction and chemical association of –X–O-are the prominent driving forces for the adsorption process. 相似文献
644.
645.
湖泊沉积物重金属污染研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
湖泊的生态环境状况与人类生存环境和社会经济发展有着密切的关系。本文主要通过介绍东湖和太湖湖泊沉积物重金属污染阐释我国现在湖泊底泥重金属污染状况。 相似文献
646.
文章采用自主研发的一体化平板膜靛蓝回收装置对印染废水进行了小试研究。此工艺采用投加H2O2氧化染液的方式析出靛蓝结晶并采用平板膜处理的方式不断浓缩靛蓝并将浓缩液回用于染色工段,保证了染料回用的效果。对装置中预处理单元,氧化单元,膜过滤单元等主.要参数进行了优化。研究结果表明.该装置氧化单元H2O2最佳投加量为15ml/L,最佳氧化pH=3;最佳过膜条件pH=4,连续曝气,开停比4:3;膜清洗采用水力冲洗后NaC10浸泡2h的方法,通量恢复近100%。在该最佳工况下,装置不仅能够高效回收靛蓝染料,回收效率达到99.5%,同时废水水质得到极大改善,SS平均去除93.9%,浊度下降100%,色度下降98.4%。 相似文献
647.
场地类别是重要的工程参数,由于中国与欧美国家的场地类别划分存在很大不同,但中美场地类别对应关系又有一定的交叉现象。通过对比中美规范,提出我国场地类别换算V_(S30)的核心是需要"我国规范定义的计算深度到30 m之间沿深度的土层剪切波速分布模型"。然后根据目前已有钻孔深度小于30 m的V_(S30)换算公式,选择BCV模型为需要模型,并依据我国场地类别定义及参考实际工程钻孔资料,确定模型参数取值。最后,利用BCV模型得到更广义的与我国各场地类别相应的V_(S30)以及美国场地类别的对应关系。研究结果表明,我国各场地类别与相邻场地类别之间,其V_(S30)范围均出现严重的交叉、重叠现象。"在我国规范定义的计算深度到30 m,剪切波速大于500m/s的岩层不参与我国场地类别定义,但参与V_(S30)计算"与"等效剪切波速小且薄的覆盖土层会对V_(S30)范围造成大的影响"的双重影响,导致我国与以美国为代表的欧美国家关于场地类别的对应关系极为薄弱。 相似文献
648.
Qiangguo Wang Weilong Cong Z.J. Pei Hang Gao Renke Kang 《Journal of Manufacturing Processes》2009,11(2):66-73
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) crystal, widely used for important electro-optic parts, is a typical hard-to-machine material because of its soft, brittle, and anisotropic properties. High quality is usually required for machined surfaces on KDP parts. Reported machining methods for KDP crystal include diamond turning, grinding, magnetorheological finishing, and polishing. Each of these methods has its limitations. Therefore, it is desirable to develop new machining methods for KDP crystal. This paper presents an experimental investigation on surface roughness in rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) of KDP. It was found that the surface roughness obtained when using a tool with a chamfered corner was lower than that obtained using tools with right-angle corners. Other process variables (spindle speed, feedrate, and ultrasonic power) also affected the surface roughness obtained. 相似文献
649.
650.
珠江三角洲非道路移动源排放清单开发 总被引:46,自引:18,他引:28
根据收集到的珠江三角洲非道路移动源活动水平数据,采用适合各类非道路移动源污染物排放量的估算方法和排放因子,建立了珠江三角洲地区2006年非道路移动源排放清单.结果表明,珠江三角洲地区2006年非道路移动源排放SO2为6.52×104t,NOx为1.24×105t,VOC为4.54×103t,CO为2.67×104t,PM10为4.51×103t.其中船舶为最大的SO2、NOx、CO和PM10排放贡献源,分别占非道路移动源排放总量的96.4%、73.8%、39.4%和50.5%.在船舶排放源中,SO2、NOx、VOC、CO和PM10排放量的89.8%、81.8%、77.3%、79.5%和81.7%来自货轮和散装干货船.非道路移动源已成为该地区第三大SO2和NOx排放贡献源,分别占珠江三角洲大气污染源SO2和NOx排放总量的8.6%和13.5%. 相似文献