New insights into the toxic interactions of polyvinyl chloride microplastics with bovine serum albumin

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The binding interaction between emerging pollutant polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVC MPs) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was studied by...     

Does the environmental inequality matter? A literature review

Environmental Geochemistry and Health - The environmental inequality theory reveals that the risk of environmental pollution exposure varies among regions and groups and that particular groups face...     

Evaluation and dynamic prediction of ecological security from the perspective of sustainable development: a case study of Shaanxi Province,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - How to measure the overall level of regional social economy, resources, and environment and how to grasp the coordinated development between them has...     

采空区隐蔽火源探测及声学法煤温感知新技术探讨

为精准判定采空区等地下隐蔽火区高温点的位置和范围,综述现有采空区煤自燃温度探测技术,重点总结和分析红外探测法、分布式光纤测温法、指标气体探测法、热电偶测温技术以及同位素测氡法等煤层测温手段的研究进展与技术瓶颈,着重研究声学法测温的技术原理及实现方式;结合分层建模和插值建模的优点,探讨声学测温技术在采空区松散煤体煤温反演...     

不同干扰下阿拉善荒漠啮齿动物群落格局的变动特征

干扰广泛被认为是影响物种多样性变化的最主要的因素。近年来,物种多样性对干扰的响应是生态学家关注和研究的热点问题之一。2002-2011年,在内蒙古阿拉善荒漠区对人为不同利用（干扰）方式形成的禁牧、轮牧、过牧和开垦4种不同区域中,通过对啮齿动物群落的物种数、物种总捕获率、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀性指数等4个变量的时间序列资料的比较,分析了这些变量的年间变动特点及在不同干扰条件下的变动规律,并对不同干扰区各变量的趋势进行分析,探讨啮齿动物群落对不同干扰过程的响应。结果表明：4个变量的最高值均出现在受中等干扰的轮牧区中,物种总捕获率2003年出现了各区的第1个高峰,总捕获率分别为过牧区10.75%、轮牧区19.60%、禁牧区11.20%、开垦区10.55%;2008年出现第2个高峰,4个区物种总捕获率均达到了各区的最高峰,捕获率分别为过牧区29.60%、轮牧区34.15%、禁牧区14.20%、开垦区27.10%。过牧区与轮牧区群落物种总捕获率、Shannon-Wiener指数和Pielou均匀性指数显著相关（p〈0.05）,变动规律相似。过牧区与轮牧区、禁牧区与过牧区、轮牧区与禁牧区之间的物种总捕获率呈极显著正相关（p〈0.01）。过牧区与轮牧区相似度较高（I=0.8568）;过牧区Shannon-Wiener指数表现为有显著的下降趋势（Y=-0.142 lnt＋1.487,F=6.320,p＜0.05）,表明随着过牧时间的积累,对生境的干扰逐步加重,啮齿动物群落的多样性会逐渐降低。     

Removal of tetrachlorobisphenol A and the effects on bacterial communities in a hybrid sequencing biofilm batch reactor-constructed wetland system

SBBR-CW system was proposed to effectively treat wastewater containing TCBPA. CW unit contributed more than SBBR to the removal of TCBPA. TCBPA changed the composition and structure of bacterial community in the system. GAOs massively grew in SBBR, but did not deteriorate TP removal efficiency. Tetrachlorobisphenol A (TCBPA) released into the sewage may cause environmental pollution and health risk to human beings. The objective of this study was to investigate the removal of TCBPA and bacterial community structures in a laboratory-scale hybrid sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR)-constructed wetland (CW) system. The results showed that the removal efficiency of chemical oxidation demand (COD), ammonia, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the SBBR-CW system was 96.7%, 97.3%, 94.4%, and 88.6%, respectively. At the stable operation stage, the system obtained a 71.7%±1.8% of TCBPA removal efficiency with the influent concentration at 200 mg/L. Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S rRNA gene revealed that the presence of TCBPA not only reduced the bacterial diversity in the SBBR-CW system, but also altered the composition and structure of bacterial community. After the addition of TCBPA, Proteobacteria increased from 31.3% to 38.7%, while Acidobacteria and Parcubacteria decreased greatly in the SBBR. In contrast, Acidobacteria replaced Proteobacteria as the dominant phylum in the upper soils of CW. The results indicated that TCBPA stimulated the growth of GAOs in the SBBR without deteriorating the phosphorus removal due to the presence of sufficient carbon sources. The ammonia oxidizing bacteria, Nitrosomonas, and denitrification bacteria, Hyphomicrobium and Pseudomonas, were inhibited by TCBPA, resulting in a decreasing the removal efficiency of TN and ammonia.     

FDA事故致因模型在海上船舶碰撞事故安全管理中的运用研究

FDA事故致因模型从安全信息视角出发,将海上船舶碰撞事故发生的宏观与微观因素系统地结合在一起,以管理科学和技术科学为依据,构建海上船舶碰撞FDA事故致因模型,从微观到宏观即个体船只、海运企业、海事局3个层面进行安全信息视域下的事故致因分析,通过逻辑推导定位最佳的安全管理方位。研究结果表明:FDA事故致因模型由3条事故子链及1条事故主链构成,能够从微观到宏观完整表达海上船舶碰撞事故发生过程及机理;破坏3条FDA事故子链或FDA事故主链的形成即可有效地预防海上船舶碰撞事故的发生,对促进海上船舶航行安全管理水平的提高具有重要的理论与现实意义。     

高速动车组列车运营环境旅客舒适度调查分析

为了解目前高速动车组列车舒适性现状,构建我国动车组卫生标准体系提供科学依据,根据《TB/T 1932—2014旅客列车卫生及监测技术规定》的规定,将影响舒适度的因素分为车内环境品质因素、旅客个人因素、服务因素3个方面20个指标,对石太客运专线、大西高速铁路运营的列车开展旅客舒适度问卷调查。调查数据表明,调查的高速动车组列车运营环境中车内温度、车内照明度、衣着量3个指标的舒适度评分均值在旅客舒适度评分最佳值±5%的区域,其余指标舒适度评分均值尚未进入旅客舒适度评分最佳值±5%的区域;进而提出应在车内环境因素、服务因素等方面加以改进,不断改善高速动车组列车运营环境。     

采用响应面优化酸浸法回收报废三元电池中有价金属的研究

为简化传统报废锂离子电池(LIBs)处理工艺,对报废镍钴锰三元(NCM)电池正极材料进行浸出处理,在单因素试验的基础上,利用响应面分析法分析浸出温度、抗坏血酸浓度、固液比和浸出时间对正极材料中Co、Li、Mn、Ni浸出率的影响。建立数学回归模型,分析因素间的交互作用。结果表明,各金属的回归方程模型均显著(p<0.05),R^2≥0.88,信噪比N>4,C.V.较低,可用于报废NCM电池中Co、Li、Mn、Ni浸出工艺的分析与预测,其中浸出温度和抗坏血酸浓度的交互作用对Li和Ni的浸出率影响最大。各金属浸出率的最佳工艺条件为:浸出温度69.26℃,抗坏血酸浓度1.24 mol/L,固液比31.30 g/L,浸出时间59.79 min。在此条件下,Co、Li、Mn、Ni浸出率分别为96.35%、92.53%、89.28%、56.32%。结合回归分析及可操作性原则,进行3次平行试验,试验结果与模型理论预测值接近。试验过程简单,处理方法对环境友好,有利于工业化生产。