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51.
The European Landscape Convention (2000) obligates European Union countries to identify and implement landscape quality objectives (LQOs) understood as the specification of public expectations and preferences concerning the landscape of a given area, expressed by competent public authorities. The convention emphasizes the important role of local community representatives in this field. In Poland, the implementation of the LQO concept was first undertaken in two regions with radically different landscape characteristics: (1) the West Polesie Biosphere Reserve and (2) the selected protected areas of the Roztocze–Solska Forest, nominated to the rank of a biosphere reserve. The first stage of the presented study was the recognition of public opinion on the quality of key features of landscape, based on a questionnaire (n = 470). The primary objective of the study was to provide an answer to the following questions: (1) Whether similar social expectations regarding landscape quality exist in spite of radically different landscape characteristics of the regions investigated (landscape quality is understood as spatial arrangement, scenic beauty, and lack of environmental pollution); (2) which landscape features are considered to be most preservation worthy by the representatives of both local communities; and (3) What processes or development impacts pose the greatest threat to the landscape quality of both regions according to the public opinion? The conducted comparative assessment revealed that it is possible to define a set of features fundamental to the quality of both areas and that representatives of local communities pointed out the same threats to the natural and cultural values of both regions investigated. 相似文献
52.
Tadeusz Missala 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2013,19(2):249-256
A workplace in the manufacturing industry consists of not only stationary equipment (e.g., machining centres, fixed robots) but also mobile equipment (e.g., automated guided vehicles, mobile robots), with both kinds co-operating directly with workers. Workplace equipment should not only be safe, it should also not generate fear or anxiety; still better if it should inspire calm and confidence. In view of robot laws, this article presents selected examples of robot-human co-operation, reviews safety requirements and safety functions developed to date. It also proposes a package of selected new safety functions, necessary to fulfil this paradigm. It also suggests and presents examples of actions that can make the workplace a human-friendly environment and presents examples of such actions. 相似文献
53.
Sanda Iepure Tadeusz Namiotko Antonio G. Valdecasas Enik? K. Magyari 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2012,99(7):587-590
Exceptionally well-preserved giant spermatozoa observed between abundant decalcified carapace valves of ostracods (Crustacea: Ostracoda) were found in Late Glacial to Holocene (14,400 to 10,000?cal?years bp) lacustrine sediments in the southern Romanian Carpathians. Analysis by scanning electron microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy revealed good preservation of the appendages enabling specific identification as Cypria ophtalmica (Candonidae) and indication of the presence of both female and male specimens based on the sexual dimorphism of the second antenna. This record represents the oldest and richest direct evidence of virtually morphologically unaltered animal spermatozoa preserved in females after mating. 相似文献
54.
A territorial male can shift the location of its territory from year to year in order to increase its quality. The male can
base its decision on environmental cues or else on its breeding experiences (when territory shift is caused by breeding failure
in previous seasons). We tested these possible mechanisms of territory choice in the sedge warbler (Acrocephalus schoenobaenus), a territorial migrating passerine that occupies wetlands. This species bases its territory choices on an environmental
cue: tall wetland vegetation cover. We found that the magnitude of territory quality improvement between seasons (measured
as the area of tall wetland vegetation) increased throughout the early stages of a male's breeding career as a result of territory
shifts dependent on the earliness of arrival. The distance the territory was shifted between seasons depended negatively on
the previous year's territory quality and, less clearly, on the previous year's mating success. On the other hand, previous
mating or nesting success had no influence on territory quality improvement between seasons as measured in terms of vegetation.
The results imply that tall wetland vegetation is a long-term, effective environmental cue and that a preference for territories
in which this type of landcover prevails has evolved into a rigid behavioral mechanism, supplemented by short-term individual
experiences of breeding failure. 相似文献
55.
Tadeusz Grega Dorota Najgebauer Marek Sady Malgorzata Baczkowicz Piotr Tomasik Marek Faryna 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2003,11(2):75-83
Potato starch was blended with defatted milk in proportions providing a 4:1, 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1,:2, 1:3, and 1:4 starch/casein ratio. Precipitation was achieved by addition of either hydrochloric acid or leaven. Composition of precipitated products was determined based on elemental analysis for nitrogen. Generally, differences between attempted and achieved casein-to-starch proportions did not exceed 10%. Products coprecipitated with hydrochloric acid were slightly richer in casein than products obtained with leaven. Aqueous solubility, water binding capacity, IR spectra, and thermal analysis (thermogravimetry, TG, and differential thermogravimetry, DTG) were recorded for the precipitates. Analyses revealed that the precipitates were not simple physical mixtures of the components. Partial insolubility in 7 M aqueous urea showed that casein and potato starch are chemically bound. Comparison of the spectra and thermograms suggested that complexes of the 1:1 composition were formed constituting a nucleus of the aggregates carrying excessive amounts of either starch or casein. 相似文献
56.
57.
Krzysztof Lutoslawski Agnieszka Ryznar-Luty Edmund Cibis Malgorzata Krzywonos Tadeusz Mikiewicz 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(11):1823-1830
Upon aeration, the mixed microbial SCD ProBio OriginalTM culture may be used as the first stage in a two- or multi-stage system for the biodegradation of beet molasses vinasse. 相似文献