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排序方式: 共有109条查询结果,搜索用时 174 毫秒
21.
Adi Setyo Purnomo Surya Rosa Putra Kuniyoshi Shimizu Ryuichiro Kondo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(19):11305-11312
The ability of certain white-rot fungi (WRF) inocula to transform heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide and its application in artificially contaminated soil were investigated. Fungal inoculum of Pleurotus ostreatus eliminated approximately 89 % of heptachlor after 28 days of incubation, and chlordene was detected as the primary metabolite. The fungal inoculum of Pleurotus ostreatus had the highest ability to degrade heptachlor epoxide; approximately 32 % were degraded after 28 days of incubation, and heptachlor diol was detected as the metabolite product. Because Pleurotus ostreatus transformed heptachlor into a less toxic metabolite and could also effectively degrade heptachlor epoxide, it was then selected to be applied to artificially contaminated soil. The spent mushroom waste (SMW) of Pleurotus ostreatus degraded heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide by approximately 91 and 26 %, respectively, over 28 days. This finding indicated that Pleurotus ostreatus SMW could be used to bioremediate heptachlor- and heptachlor epoxide-contaminated environments. 相似文献
22.
Motoyuki Sugano Akihiro Komatsu Masanori Yamamoto Mika Kumagai Takayuki Shimizu Katsumi Hirano Kiyoshi Mashimo 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2009,11(1):27-31
Most landfilled plastic waste is a mixture or is in the form of composites with incombustible wastes such as glass, metals,
and ceramics. After hydrothermal treatment, including a steam-explosion process, the separation of mixed waste (MW) into organic
and inorganic substances becomes easy. However, the effect of hydrothermal pretreatment on the subsequent liquefaction of
organic substances from MW is not obvious. In this study, the effects on the liquefaction of polystyrene and high-density
polyethylene are discussed. Moreover, optimum conditions for the liquefaction of organic substances from hydrothermally treated
MW are identified. By means of this hydrothermal pretreatment, including the steam-explosion process, polystyrene and high-density
polyethylene can be significantly converted to oil by liquefaction at 300°–400°C. In comparison with liquefaction of hydrothermally
pretreated mixed waste (HMW) at 300°–400°C with a batch type reactor, the yield of oil increases significantly on liquefaction
using a semi-batch type reactor. It is considered that the radical chain and termination reactions among the radicals from
HMW were inhibited in the semi-batch type reactor. On liquefaction of HMW in a semi-batch reactor, the conversion of HMW to
oil was enhanced on increasing the liquefaction temperature to 350°C and the holding time to 60 min.
Chemical Feedstock Recycling & Other Innovative Recycling Techniques 6 相似文献
23.
Environmental and Ecological Statistics - 相似文献
24.
Effects of triphenyltin chloride and five other organotin compounds on the development of imposex in the rock shell, Thais clavigera 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Horiguchi T Shiraishi H Shimizu M Morita M 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1997,95(1):85-91
The imposex promotion activities of six organotin compounds--tributyltin (TBT), dibutyltin (DBT), monobutyltin (MBT), triphenyltin (TPT), diphenyltin (DPT) and monophenyltin (MPT)--were examined by injection experiments with the rock shell, Thais clavigera (Prosobranchia; Muricidae). TPT and TBT had strong effects on the development of imposex in the rock shell (p<0.001). The other organotin compounds (DBT, MBT, DPT and MPT) had no or less effects on the development of imposex in T. clavigera. The difference between the effects of TPT and TBT was statistically insignificant (p>0.01). The effects of these compounds are estimated, from the relationships between TBT or TPT concentration in tissue and mean penis length of females after injections, to be approximately the same. 相似文献
25.
Takayuki Miura Sébastien Lhomme Jean-Claude Le Saux Philippe Le Mehaute Yvonnick Guillois Elizabeth Couturier Jacques Izopet Florence Abranavel Françoise S. Le Guyader 《Food and environmental virology》2016,8(3):194-199
A hepatitis E outbreak, which occurred on a small isolated island, provided an opportunity to evaluate the association between the number of hepatitis E cases in the community and the concentration of virus detected in sewage. Samples were collected from the different sewage treatment plants from the island and analyzed for the presence of hepatitis E (HEV) virus using real-time RT-PCR. We demonstrated that if 1–4 % of inhabitants connected to a WWTP were infected with HEV, raw sewage contained HEV at detectable levels. The finding that such a small number of infected people can contaminate municipal sewage works raises the potential of the further distribution of the virus. Indeed, investigating the routes of transmission of HEV, including the potential for sewage effluent to contain infectious HEV, may help us to better understand the epidemiology of this pathogen, which is considered to be an emerging concern in Europe. 相似文献
26.
Tomoko Yoshiki Banri Yamanoha Tomohiko Kikuchi Akio Shimizu Tatsuki Toda 《Marine Biology》2009,156(2):97-106
The effect of hydrostatic pressure on embryonic development of the calanoid copepod Calanus sinicus was studied. Differences of pressure effect among blastomere stages, 1-cell, 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell, 16-cell, blastula and
limb-bud stage, were examined under two pressurizing conditions, abruptly (10 atm/min) and gradually (0.1 atm/min) increasing.
Egg hatching success, deformity frequency and apoptotic cell degradation of hatched nauplii were examined. Egg hatching success
rate was not significantly different between blastomere stages, and also between pressurizing conditions. Deformity frequencies
of hatched nauplii were low in the early 1-cell and 2-cell stages, and high in the later blastula and limb-bud stages, in
both abrupt and gradual pressurizing conditions. On the other hand, in regard to difference in pressurizing conditions, deformity
frequency in gradual pressurizing was significantly higher than that in abrupt pressurizing rate. Gradual pressure increase
seems to be more harmful to C. sinicus eggs than abrupt pressure change. Apoptosis induced in nauplii by hydrostatic pressure was detected for the first time in
marine zooplankton. The embryos of C. sinicus are sensitive to pressure variations, that is, these embryos are supposed to sink to deeper waters, incurring greater risk
of having deformities. In the field, C. sinicus ascend to the surface and spawn at night. By looking from this upward behavior, eggs are spawned at lower pressure and warmer
temperature. Probably, the harmless low pressure and warm temperature lead eggs to hatch early and to recruit successfully. 相似文献
27.
Tomoko Yoshiki Banri Yamanoha Tomohiko Kikuchi Akio Shimizu Tatsuki Toda 《Marine Biology》2008,156(2):97-106
The effect of hydrostatic pressure on embryonic development of the calanoid copepod Calanus sinicus was studied. Differences of pressure effect among blastomere stages, 1-cell, 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell, 16-cell, blastula and limb-bud stage, were examined under two pressurizing conditions, abruptly (10 atm/min) and gradually (0.1 atm/min) increasing. Egg hatching success, deformity frequency and apoptotic cell degradation of hatched nauplii were examined. Egg hatching success rate was not significantly different between blastomere stages, and also between pressurizing conditions. Deformity frequencies of hatched nauplii were low in the early 1-cell and 2-cell stages, and high in the later blastula and limb-bud stages, in both abrupt and gradual pressurizing conditions. On the other hand, in regard to difference in pressurizing conditions, deformity frequency in gradual pressurizing was significantly higher than that in abrupt pressurizing rate. Gradual pressure increase seems to be more harmful to C. sinicus eggs than abrupt pressure change. Apoptosis induced in nauplii by hydrostatic pressure was detected for the first time in marine zooplankton. The embryos of C. sinicus are sensitive to pressure variations, that is, these embryos are supposed to sink to deeper waters, incurring greater risk of having deformities. In the field, C. sinicus ascend to the surface and spawn at night. By looking from this upward behavior, eggs are spawned at lower pressure and warmer temperature. Probably, the harmless low pressure and warm temperature lead eggs to hatch early and to recruit successfully. 相似文献
28.
Chuanfu Wu Takayuki Shimaoka Hirofumi Nakayama Teppei Komiya Xiaoli Chai Yongxia Hao 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(1):101-111
As far as the optimal design, operation, and field application of the Aerobic–Anaerobic Landfill Method (AALM) are concerned, it is very important to understand how aeration modes (different combinations of aeration depth and air injection rate) affect the biodegradation of organic carbon and the transformation of nitrogen in landfill solid waste. Pilot-scale lysimeter experiments were carried out under different aeration modes to obtain detailed information regarding the influence of aeration modes on leachate characteristics. Results from these lysimeter experiments revealed that aeration at the bottom layer was the most effective for decomposition of organic carbon when compared with aeration at the surface or middle layers. Moreover, the air injection rate led to different nitrogen transformation patterns, unlike the lesser influence it has on organic carbon decomposition. Effective simultaneous nitrification and denitrification were observed for the aeration mode with a higher air injection rate (=1.0 L/min). On the other hand, the phenomenon of sequenced nitrification and denitrification could be observed when a low air injection rate (=0.5 L/min.) was employed. Finally, it is concluded that, for AALM, air injection with a higher air injection rate at the deepest layer near the leachate collection pipe tends to accelerate the stabilization of landfill waste as defined in terms of the enhancement of denitrification as well as organic carbon decomposition. 相似文献
29.
Expression of foreign genes in primary cultured cells of the blue shrimp Penaeus stylirostris 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The ability to introduce and express foreign genes can greatly facilitate in vitro studies of the molecular biology of an
organism. We report here the first use of modified retroviral vectors to achieve foreign gene expression in primary cultured
cells from the Oka organ and ovary of the blue shrimp Penaeus stylirostris (Litopenaeus) stylirostris (Holthuis 1980). Of the heterologous promoters tested, the Moloney murine leukemia virus and Rous sarcoma virus
promoters mediated the highest levels of reporter gene expression. Firefly luciferase and Escherichia coliβ-galactosidase were successfully used as reporter genes in cultured cells from both Oka organ and ovary. These in vitro systems
can be exploited for the study of shrimp cellular biology and regulation of gene expression.
Received: 16 January 2000 / Accepted: 21 June 2000 相似文献
30.
Jian Pu Shinobu Kazama Takayuki Miura Nabila Dhyan Azraini Yoshimitsu Konta Hiroaki Ito You Ueki Ermaya Eka Cahyaningrum Tatsuo Omura Toru Watanabe 《Food and environmental virology》2016,8(4):310-312
Norovirus GII.3, GII.4, and GII.17 were detected using pyrosequencing in sewage and oysters in January and February 2015, in Japan. The strains in sewage and oyster samples were genetically identical or similar, predominant strains belonging to GII.17 Kawasaki 2014 lineage. This is the first report of GII.17 Kawasaki 2014 in oysters. 相似文献