铅蓄电池企业废气中铅及其化合物便携式XRF检测方法

在企业污染源现场实现污染物排放浓度水平的快速判定和超标风险筛查,对生态环境管理部门提高执法效率、企业提高环境管理水平意义重大。铅是一种对人体危害极大的有毒重金属,目前缺少含铅废气中铅及其化合物的便携式直读检测设备和检测方法。探索性地将X射线荧光光谱(XRF)法应用于铅蓄电池企业含铅废气中铅及其化合物的便携式快速、直读检测。研究结果表明,基于XRF的面密度法适用于铅蓄电池企业含铅废气处理设施后铅及其化合物的快速、直读检测,相对国标方法具有快速、直读、对样品无损、便于复测等特点,可用于铅及其化合物排放浓度水平的快速判定和超标风险筛查。     

乌鲁木齐市空气中氮氧化物的污染特征及来源分析

通过引用新华南路测点的二氧化氮和氮氧化物污染浓度值，归纳乌鲁木齐市氮氧化物的污染动态变化规律并分析原因。     

Natural abundance of Sb and Sc in pristine groundwaters, Springwater Township, Ontario, Canada, and implications for tracing contamination from landfill leachates

Using ICP-SMS and the clean lab methods and procedures developed for determining trace element concentrations in polar snow and ice, a lower limit of detection (LOD) of 30 pg l(-1) for Sb and 5 pg l(-1) for Sc was achieved, allowing the natural abundances of Sb and Sc to be measured in pristine groundwaters. Water samples were collected from natural flows and wells between Elmvale and Wyevale in Springwater Township, Ontario, Canada. The water in this region is derived from chemical reactions between meteoric fluids and the Quaternary sediments which cover the bedrock (dolomitic limestone) to depths of more than 100 m. The chemical composition of these waters (pH 8) is primarily a reflection of reactions between the percolating fluids with calcite and dolomite. The maximum concentration of Sb was 5.0 ng l(-1), and the average of all samples collected was 2.2 +/- 1.2 ng l(-1) (n = 34). The average concentration of Sc was 8.6 +/- 4.7 ng l(-1) (n = 28). The paucity of published Sb concentration data available for comparison is probably because most of the analytical methods commonly used to date, including GFAAS, HG-AAS, HG-AFS, INAA, and ICP-QMS, have lower limits of detection which are inadequate for reliably determining the natural abundance of Sb in many uncontaminated groundwaters. Also, the measurement of extremely low concentrations of Sb requires extra care to avoid possible contamination. Given the extensive use of Sb in plastics, we show that some of the containers used to collect and store samples, and for handling and preparing samples for chemical analyses, may be important sources of contamination in the laboratory. The Sb and Sc concentrations reported here should serve as reference values for this region, against which contamination by various human impacts in future could be compared.     

小型建设项目环评报告质量与对策研究

通过对205个投资额在100万元以下小型建设项目环境影响评价报告的调查,对比建设项目环保审批6项原则,发现该类建设项目环境影响评价报告中存在报告降级编写、内容不完整、结论模糊等问题,据此提出了提高报告质量的措施、建议[1]。     

United membrane biological reactor in the treatment of wastewater

The united membrane biological reactor(UMBR) was studied for the treatment of some simulate and municipal wastewater. The removal efficiency for COD and turbidity are greater than 80% and 99% respectively. Effluent COD is less than 100 mg/L while turbidity less than 5. The removal of LAS in bath wastewater is greater than 70%. In treatment of dinning-hall wastewater, removal of fatty oil is greater than 90%, and its concentration in effluent is less than 5 mg/L. The match of biological reactor and the membrane separation component were calculated. The stable performance of wastewater treatment can be maintained by the optimization of operation conditions and the eleanout of membranes.     

菌根生物技术在大武口洗煤厂矸石山绿化中的应用初探

介绍了菌根生物技术在煤矸石山绿化中应用的可行性，并以干旱地区的宁夏太西集团有限责任公司大武口洗煤厂煤矸石山绿化为例，探讨了菌根生物技术应用的方法和效果。研究表明：干旱地区煤矸石山绿化覆土栽植是必要的，接种菌剂能促进植物生长，在立地好的区域侵染率达90％，有推广应用的潜能。     

滇池宝象河流域全面产流与降雨关系初步研究

在进行滇池宝象河流域入湖污染负荷总量核算时，涉及流域的水量平衡计算，地表径流和地下径流是两个重要的环节，两者联系密切，并且在水循环过程中相互转化。不是所有的降水都能补给地下水，进而产生地表径流，只有当降雨量大于某一临界值时，才有可能产生地表径流。全流域地表径流产生与降雨关系的试验研究，有助于分析当地气象因素以及降雨时段之初的包气带含水率和地下水埋藏深度，为污染负荷总量核算提供叁者和借器．     

汽车尾气净化催化剂研究进展

介绍了汽车尾气净化催化剂的发展过程、三效催化剂的净化原理以及催化剂的组成等.     

消防侦察机器人的系统集成原则

消防侦察机器人可以代替消防队员从事危险的灾情侦察任务.从灾害现场的实际要求出发,提出了消防侦察机器人需要面对的具体侦察任务和应该具备的基本功能,以及在系统的集成过程中需要遵循的原则.     

由通风网络结构数据自动生成通风网络图研究

通风网络图是矿井通风管理的一种重要图件.本文根据通风网络图的特点,介绍了一种由通风网络结构数据自动生成通风网络图的方法,并进行了开发实现和实践应用.