控制污水中硫化氢的生成──减轻大气污染和设备腐蚀

石油和石化企业所排放的含硫污水给水环境带来的污染是众所周知的，但它对大气环境的间接污染却常被人们忽视。而含硫污水中逸出的硫化氢是引起恶臭的主要原因之一，与水共存时又会对金属设备造成严重腐蚀，因此，控制污水中硫化氢的生成可有效地减轻污水所带来的大气污染和腐蚀现象。     

Relationships between distributions of longevous population and trace elements in the agricultural ecosystem of Rugao County,Jiangsu, China

Soil, plant, and water, as well as trace elements they contain, can influence human health through the food chain. A survey was conducted on distributions of trace elements in soils, plants, and drinking water in Rugao County, Jiangsu Province, China, an agricultural area with a high level of centenarians and nonagenarians. The ratio of people over 90 years old per 100,000 inhabitants (90-rate) based on village (about 4,000 residents in 4 km²) was correlated with trace elements in soil, drinking water, and rice by means of correlation analysis and/or principal component analysis. Although the average 90-rate in the whole area was as high as 277, the rates were not uniform across the entire region. The 90-rate in the area of loamy and strongly-developed Anthrosols and Cambosols was about 330, significantly higher than the 255 in the areas of sandy and strongly-developed Cambosols and of clayey and weakly-developed Cambosols. The concentrations of available Se, B, Ni, and Mo in soils of the area with the high 90-rate were markedly greater than those in the area with the low 90-rate. This was demonstrated by highly positive correlations between the 90-rate and available Se (r = 0.33), B (r = 0.21), Ni (r = 0.17) and Mo (r = 0.17) at the p < 0.01 level and high loadings of available Se (0.851), B (0.535), Ni (0.594) and Mo (0.394) in the longevous factor. Similar relationships between the available elements in soils and elements in water and rice were found. These results suggest that: (1) the available forms of elements in soil were more crucial to elemental bio-availability in the ecosystem and human health than total elements in soil; and (2) the element association above might have affected the 90-rate positively and could be an important environmental geochemical factor influencing the longevity of humans.     

东北地区旱地土壤有机碳密度的主控自然因素研究

土壤有机碳(SOC)库在陆地生态系统中具有重要作用.基于全国第二次土壤普查获得的1022个东北地区旱地土壤剖面数据,采用方差分析和回归分析方法分析了年均温、年均降水量、成土母质、土壤质地和pH值对旱地SOC密度的影响.结果表明,各因子对东北地区旱地SOC密度在表层和剖面均有显著影响.在5个自然因子中,对SOC密度变异程度的独立解释能力最大的在表层为气温,达32%,剖面为土壤质地,为28.7%.5个自然因子的综合作用分别能解释旱地表层和剖面SOC密度变异的51.2%和50.2%.其中,气温和土壤质地是影响东北地区旱地SOC密度的主要自然因子.因此,合理利用自然条件有利于该区旱地SOC的积累.     

Macroporous Ni foam-supported Co3O4 nanobrush and nanomace hybrid arrays for high-efficiency CO oxidation

Herein, we reported the synthesis of well-defined Co_3O_4 nanoarrays(NAs) supported on a monolithic three-dimensional macroporous nickel(Ni) foam substrate for use in highefficiency CO oxidation. The monolithic Co_3O_4 NAs catalysts were obtained through a generic hydrothermal synthesis route with subsequent calcination. By controlling the reaction time,solvent polarity and deposition agent, these Co_3O_4 NAs catalysts exhibited various novel morphologies(single or hybrid arrays), whose physicochemical properties were further characterized by using several analytical techniques. Based on the catalytic and characterization analyses, it was found that the Co_3O_4 NAs-6 catalyst with nanobrush and nanomace arrays displayed enhanced catalytic activity for CO oxidation, achieving an efficient 100% CO oxidation conversion at a gas hourly space velocity(GHSV) 10,000 hr~(-1) and 150°C with longterm stability. Compared with the other Co_3O_4 NAs catalysts, it had the highest abundance of surface-adsorbed oxygen species, excellent low-temperature reducibility and was rich in surface-active sites(Co~(3+)/Co~(2+)= 1.26).     

Fabrication of Salinomycin and Biotin Encapsulated Polymeric Nanoparticles Showing Potent Antiproliferative Activity and Induce Apoptosis in Gastric Carcinoma Cells

Cytotoxicity can be much greater than all other treatments by targeted combination chemotherapy. In this context, we have recognized the use for gastric cancer chemotherapy of multifunctional polymer nanoparticles (PNPs) loaded with Salinomycin (SAL) and Biotin (BT). The encapsulation of BT and SAL anticancer agents co-loaded with polyethylene glycol (PEGs) and nanoparticles of polylactide-co-glycolides (PLGAs) is incompetent due to inadequacy in polymeric biodegradable nanoparticles (PNPs) of the dual antitumor drugs BT and SAL. The morphology of the BT@PNPs, SAL@PNPs and SAL/BT@PNPs, and composition and sizes of the nanoparticles was investigated using a transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vitro cell death of human gastric cell lines including SGC-791 and NCI-N87 has also been caused by SAL/BT@PNPs. A variety of biochemical stains, for example, AO/EB (Acridine Orange / Ethidium Bromide) and Hoechst, have been used to detect morphological and cell death. The mechanical examination of apoptosis was further tested using the Annexin V-FITC flow cytometry. In overall, SAL/BT@PNPs may be used as a possible instrument for enhanced gastric cancer therapy efficacy in this dual approach to drug delivery.