排污权交易市场中政府角色研究

排污权交易的实质是利用市场机制来控制环境污染,这一市场行为正常运转的前提是明确政府部门在排污权交易市场中的职能和角色。本文从区域政府部门在排污权交易市场中需要发挥的重要作用,包括组织、监督、管理、协调等方面进行探讨,以对其职能和角色进行研究并得出结论,即现代政府在排污权交易中的角色定位应为管理者、协助者和引导者。     

碱厂白泥制备橡胶填充剂的可行性研究

以青岛碱厂白泥为研究对象,通过橡胶实验及产品性能测试,证实了用碱厂白泥制备橡胶填充剂的可行性。与目前正在使用的普通轻质碳酸钙和超细轻质碳酸钙相比较,由白泥加工成的粉体填充剂对丁苯胶硫化胶性能的影响能够达到普通轻质碳酸钙的水平,对天然橡胶硫化胶性能的影响能够达到超细轻质碳酸钙的水平。天然橡胶的混炼实验表明,增加白泥粉体在配方中的用量,对硫化胶的力学性能没有什么影响,但由于白泥粉体分散性下降,增加了橡胶混炼时的困难。     

Estrogenic activities of two synthetic pyrethroids and their metabolites

Synthetic pyrethroids(SPs) are among the most common pesticides in current use,and so far,several SPs have been assessed for their potential estrogenicities by various methods.Previous studies have shown that the estrogenicities partly come from their metabolites.Although considerable information is available with respect to the metabolism and environmental degradation of SPs,little is known about the estrogenicities of the metabolites.In this study,permethrin(PM) and β-cypermethrin(CP),as well as their metabolites(3-phenoxybenzoic alcohol(PBCOH),3-phenoxybenzaldehyde(PBCHO) and 3-phenoxybenzoic acid(PBCOOH) were evaluated for their estrogenic activities in the MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line.In the MCF-7 cell proliferation assay,PM and CP exhibited significant estrogenic activities at 10-7 mol/L,comparable to 17β-estradiol(E2 ) of 10-9 mol/L,with the relative proliferative effect ratios of 55.4% and 56.3%,respectively.The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) results confirmed the estrogenicities of PM and CP with significant alteration of pS2 and ERα mRNA levels observed at 10-6 mol/L.For the three major metabolites,PBCOH and PBCOOH exhibited estrogenic activities in all assays,while no significant estrogenic responses was observed for PBCHO compared to the vehicle control.In particular,PBCOH had even slightly stronger estrogenic activity than its parent compounds,indicating that metabolism may be one of the reasons for the estrogenicities of the SPs.Given the widespread use of SPs,the toxicological effects of parent compounds and their metabolites should be taken into consideration in the risk assessment of SPs.     

高炉水冷却工艺的技木比较和经济分析

以2500 m3高炉为例,通过对不同循环水冷却工艺流程、特点及其经济效益进行比较,建议采用高炉各部分单独软水密闭循环冷却工艺和蒸发式空冷器换热设备,这对钢铁厂节水节电,降低运行费用,提高经济效益和节约成本具有重要意义.     

Assessing cypermethrin-contaminated soil with three di erent earthworm test methods

A series of tests (lethal, sublethal, and behavioral) on earthworms were conducted as an eco-assessment of pesticides. In this study, the toxicity of cypermethrin-contaminating soil on adult and juvenile earthworms was assessed. Beside the acute and chronic tests, an avoidance response test was carried out. It was shown that the all-round toxicity from cypermethrin was weak on adult earthworms. Compared with adult earthworms, the toxicity of juvenile earthworms from cypermethrin especially chronic toxicity increased significantly. Growth and reproduction of earthworms appeared to be more severely a ected by cypermethrin at juvenile stage than at adult stage. Applied at 10 mg/kg, cypermethrin had obvious adverse impact on the growth of juvenile earthworms, while 20 mg/kg, cypermethrin caused significant toxic e ects in reproduction. The results also indicated that ecotoxicological risk assessment using only adult specimens may underestimate the e ects of cypermethrin on soil invertebrate populations.     

瑞士电子废物法规和技术标准研究

通过对瑞士电子废物管理法规和标准的研究,总结瑞士电子废物的立法及管理特点,结合我国国情,提出我国电子废物立法的建议。     

在线消解流动注射光度法分析水中痕量磷

将流动注射分析技术与孔雀绿-磷钼杂多酸分光光度法相结合,并采用微波在线消解水样,建立了一种测定水中痕量总磷的快速分析方法。通过优化实验条件,检出限为0.003mg/L,线性范围为0.003～0.4mg/L。应用于天然水样的测定,结果令人满意。     

淮南矿业集团谢桥煤矿矿井水资源化利用

随着淮南矿业集团谢桥煤矿的发展,矿区生产和生活用水量日趋紧张,解决缺水问题的有效途径是合理开发利用矿井水资源。在此论述了煤矿矿井水资源化的必要性,给出了矿井水处理工艺流程、主要建（构）筑物、主要设备等,说明了开发利用矿井水资源具有良好的社会、环境和经济效益。     

高位池养殖环境经济及模式分析

对海南省高位池养殖进行环境经济损益分析,为客观评价高位池养殖在社会经济发展中的地位提供参考,同时对不同养殖模式进行了比较,提出了目前适宜的养殖模式。     

城市突发性水危机及应急管理探讨

近年来.随着城市突发性水危机日益增加,如何快速、有效地应对水危机事故已成为我国亟需解决的问题.在此通过分析国内外相关政策法案及处理经验,研究城市突发性水危机的特征(包括种类和等级、相关部门和处理流程等),同时在剖析实例的基础上,探讨我国在城市水危机应急管理方面存在的问题,并提出相应的改善方案.