环境因子对胡敏酸介导下SDZ光解行为的影响

研究了在纯水条件及两种不同来源胡敏酸（HA）介导下,磺胺嘧啶（SDZ）和水稻土胡敏酸（SDHA）、泥炭土胡敏酸（NTHA）的不同浓度、pH值、光敏离子（NO₃^-和Fe³⁺）、离子强度（NaCl）以及金属离子（Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺和K⁺）等环境因子对SDZ紫外光降解的影响.结果表明：光照下,pH=7.1对两种体系的SDZ光降解有促进作用且效果最好.低SDZ浓度（2mg/L）以及低HA浓度（15mg/L）条件下使SDZ光解速率较快.光敏离子中NO₃^-通过光生·OH,促进了纯水中SDZ的光解,但在HA体系中,HA具有猝灭·OH的效应造成SDZ的光解速率低于纯水;Fe³⁺在HA体系下均表现为抑制作用,且抑制强度为NTHA>SDHA.在纯水中SDZ的光解速率随NaCl浓度增加而增加,HA介导下,较低浓度NaCl（C_NaCl=50mmol/L）抑制作用较强.金属离子（K⁺、Ca²⁺和Mg²⁺）在纯水中对SDZ的光解影响程度较弱,但在HA体系中均表现为抑制作用,抑制强度为K⁺ > Ca²⁺ > Mg²⁺,单价阳离子对SDZ光降解影响较为明显.     

针铁矿强化剩余污泥与烟草废弃物厌氧发酵的研究

以剩余污泥和烟草废弃物为研究对象,探究了针铁矿对有机物厌氧消化产甲烷的影响.针铁矿投加能提高消化产气率至359.4mL/g,显著高于空白对照组.针铁矿有助于混合气体中甲烷含量的升高并减少CO₂的体积分数.针铁矿利于剩余污泥和烟草废弃物共消化过程有机物溶出,纤维素减量,从而为产甲烷古菌提供充足的消化底物.针铁矿利于酸化代谢过程,在针铁矿投加组中挥发性脂肪酸的最大产量仅为56.2mg/g,显著低于空白组,此外针铁矿促进丙酸的合成.针铁矿促进乙酸降解,在消化第1d,针铁矿投加实验组中乙酸降解率高达65.5%,较高于空白组中的56.6%.酶活性分析表明针铁矿促进水解,酸化及产甲烷过程关键酶.Methanothrix和Methanobacterium是产甲烷阶段重要微生物,454高通量测序表明针铁矿提高Methanothrix和Methanobacterium的相对丰度至59.6%和23.5%,显著高于空白对照组.     

大型电子设备机架气流分解方法研究

目的研究分析一种分解大型电子设备机架风冷气流条件的方法。方法以温差和Nu数作为描述传热效果的参数,使用相似对流的方法,使分解夹具中模块两侧的气流传热效果等效于大型机架中模块两侧的气流传热效果。结果气流在分解后,其在分解夹具中的冷却效果等效于分解前其在大型机架中的冷却效果。结论该分解方法能够有效地进行风冷气流条件分解,可以应用于实际工程。     

Purification and Properties of a Poly (β-hydroxybutyrate) Depolymerase From Penicillium sp.

An extracellular poly (β-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) depolymerase was purified from a Penicillium sp. DS9701-09a by centrifugation, ultrafiltration, precipitation and gel filtration chromatography. The specific activity of the purified enzyme was 37.9-folds higher than that of the culture supernatant and the recovery yield was 11.8%. The PHB deploymerase molecular mass was 44.8 kDa from analysis of both Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Matrix-assisted laser desorption-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometer. The isoelectric point of 6.7 for the enzyme was determined by a two-dimensional electrophoresis. The optimum enzyme activity was observed at a temperature of 50 °C and pH 5.0. The apparent K _m of the enzyme was found to be 1.35 mg/mL. The PHB depolymerase consisted of 16 kinds of normal amino acids. The secondary structure of the enzyme was determined by CD spectrum. α-helix and β-turn were found to be 66% and 34% for the enzyme without ammonium sulphite. Chemical inhibition on the PHB depolymerase activity was examined and EDTA was found to have a significantly inhibitory effect.     

湖北省湖泊水环境化学特征及其与人类活动的关系

通过对湖北省近３０个湖泊水环境化学的分析，探讨了湖北省湖泊水质状况和湖水的化学稳定性，指出远离工业区和居民生活区的湖泊水质一般较好，城区或城效型湖泊在不同程度上受到了工业废水和生活污水的影响。控制，消除湖泊污染是今后经济、社会和环境建设不可忽视的重要工作。     

我国宏观环境决策的若干问题

本文针对国内外宏观环境决策中存在的问题,阐述了以科学研究为基础的宏观环境决策支持系统的作用,分析了决策观点和思维的多样性对宏观环境决策的意义,探讨了宏观环境决策与环境基础学科建设的关系。     

论可持续发展中的循环经济

未来经济发展模式应当是知识经济和循环经济。循环经济是一种以资源的循环利用为内核 ,以环境生产为前提 ,以自然资源、经济、社会协调发展为目的的新型经济发展模式     

水资源可持续利用支撑体系能力的基本内涵

本文以山东省水资源利用实际为背景 ,探讨了水资源可持续利用的目标函数及其指标内涵 ,定性定量提出了水资源可持续利用支撑体系应具备的五种能力。     

Synthesis of Molecular Imprinting Polymers Separating Toluic Acid Isomers (II)

Polymers that can separate toluic acid isomers were synthesized by molecular imprinting technique. Molecular imprinting polymers (MIPs) for each isomer of toluic acids (TA) were synthesized using styrene and 4-vinylpyridine (4-Vpy). The adsorption characteristics of TA isomers, salicylic acid (SA), and benzoic acid (BA) on each MIP were investigated. The materials used for polymerization of TA isomers MIPs were adsorbed relatively well. This verifies that the MIPs which can adsorb template selectively were synthesized. In addition, the quantities of adsorbed TA isomers on the TA isomers MIPs and on the control polymer polymerized without template were compared and discussed. The variation of adsorption ability for MIPs with repeated use was investigated, showing excellent reproducibility.