镉对小鼠免疫毒性研究

采用体内试验和体外试验方法,观察氯化镉对小鼠免疫功能的影响。免疫后不同时间,给小鼠一次灌胃30mg/kgCdCl2,未见对免疫功能产生明显影响。反复多次灌胃染毒14天,在0.3mg/ks/d组可见明显抑制小鼠脾淋巴细胞IgM－pFC,抑制率为42.1％。体外试验表明,12.5μmol/LCdCl2与淋巴细胞作用48h,25μmol/LCdCl2作用72h,对淋巴细胞增殖反应抑制率分别为38.3％和77.8％,以上结果表明氟化钢具有明显的免疫毒性。     

基于高通量绝对定量测序解析岗南水库微生物群落的时空分布特征及关键驱动因素

为了探究水源水库微生物群落时空演变特征及其环境驱动因子,采用高通量绝对定量测序技术,结合数据分析了相对定量和绝对定量对岗南水库微生物群落演变和驱动因子的影响.结果表明,基于绝对定量的微生物群落α-多样性呈现出明显的季节差异(p＜0.05),基于相对定量的微生物群落α-多样性没有差异;绝对定量的微生物群落a-多样性高于相...     

型煤燃烧固硫中的温度效应

以氧化钙作为固硫剂的型煤中适当加入Ｆｅ,Ｓｉ添加剂组分,燃烧生成新的固硫体系后进行了２种不同温度条件下的进样实验。１．型煤样品分成６份,进行逐渐升温实验,分别加热到１１７０℃－１２２０℃,温度间隔１０℃,恒温１／４ｈ,２．型煤样品分成７份,进行先升温后进样实验,将加热炉分别升温至要求温度１０００℃－１２２０℃＋后进样,温度间隔５０℃,恒温１／２ｈ,实验表明：在Ｆｅ,Ｓｉ体系的型煤燃烧过程中,当进样     

电化学法综合利用废杜美丝

研究用三乙醇胺电解法从废杜美丝中回收制取铜粉的工艺,铜在阳极电解退除,并以铜粉在形式在极限沉淀回收。实验中确定最佳工艺条件为：铜配离子浓度为０．１５７ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１。游离三乙醇胺浓度为０．６４８ｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１,ｐＨ值为７．０,阴极电流密度１４Ａ．ｄｍ＾－２,电妥温度４０℃,在此条件及其基体金属不受腐蚀下制得的铜粉,粒径小于７４μｍ的可达９０％;     

Ferric citrate-induced photodegradation of dyes in aqueous solutions

The photooxidation of dye solutions containing Fe(III)-citrate complexes was studied. The photodegradation under near-UV light of the five dyes, C. I. reactive red 2, C. I. reactive blue 4, C. I. reactive black 8, C. I. basic red 13 and C. I. basic yellow 2, in aqueous solutions at pH2.0 containing Fe(III)-citrate complexes was found to follow pseudo-first order kinetics. The photodegradation rates of the dye, C. I. reactive red 2, decreased with increasing the initial dye concentration in range of 20 – 60 mg/L . A comparatively higher photodegradation efficiency of the dye was gained under the condition of pH2.0 and the Fe(III) to citrate ratio 1:2.     

白洋淀沉积物耗氧速率及氧亏效应研究

沉积物耗氧是影响水体溶解氧平衡的重要因素,受到沉积物有机质矿化的影响.本文采用柱培养法测定了白洋淀不同水文地貌分区和生境类型的表层沉积物耗氧速率(sediment oxygen demand,SOD),并基于地表水质量标准评估了白洋淀沉积物耗氧对水体产生的氧亏效应,探讨了白洋淀SOD与有机质(OM)的关系.结果表明,白...     

Application of microcosm and species sensitivity distribution approaches in the ecological hazard assessment of 4-tert-butylphenol

In order to evaluate the ecological hazard of 4-tert-butylphenol (4-TBP), species abundances and physicochemical properties were monitored for 63 days in a microcosm system containing planktonic algae, rotifers, shrimps and Daphnia. The 63 days-NOEC (no observed effect concentration) of 4-TBP for this system was calculated. At the same time, species sensitivity distribution curves were constructed based on the toxicity data of EC₁₀, EC₅₀ and NOEC derived from laboratory single-species toxicity tests, which further gives no obvious hazard concentrations for 95% species in the ecosystem (HC₅). In both the microcosm and the single-species tests, the shrimp (Neocaridina sp.) was the most sensitive species to 4-TBP exposure, while most algae species were relatively insensitive compared to the zooplankton. For the microcosm exposed to 4-TBP, significant changes occurred to the community structure instead of the community function, resulting in a NOEC_microcosm of 265.38?μg?L^–1 which approached the EC₁₀-based HC₅ (0.376?mg?L^–1). Nevertheless, EC₅₀-based HC₅ was higher than the NOEC_microcosm, and the NOEC-based HC₅ was lower. The data showed that the EC₁₀-based HC₅ was protective at the similar level with the result of microcosm for 4-TBP, providing supportive data for chemical risk assessment.     

木薯原淀粉最小引燃温度实验研究

为了研究木薯原淀粉的着火过程特征,用粉尘云引燃温度装置和粉尘层引燃温度装置,对木薯原淀粉的最小引燃温度(MIT)进行实验研究.分别研究喷吹压力、质量浓度、粉尘层厚度对MIT的影响.结果表明:设定质量0.4 g时,木薯淀粉粉尘云的最小引燃温度随着喷尘压力的增加先减小再增大,此时最小引燃温度458.5℃;设定喷吹压力30 ...     

络合铁法脱除硫化氢技术

在此介绍了络合铁脱硫原理 ;并进行了络合铁法脱除酸性气体中硫化氢的研究 ,实验结果表明 :络合铁脱硫工艺具有吸收速度快、脱硫效率高等特点。     

睾丸酮丛毛单胞菌对喹啉类化合物的降解

对喹啉、异喹啉、2-甲基喹啉、3-甲基喹啉、4-甲基喹啉和6-甲基喹啉在睾丸酮丝毛单胞菌(Comamonas testosteroni Q10)作用下的降解及底物之间的相互作用进行研究．结果表明,喹啉和3-甲基喹啉不仅能有效地被降解,而且细菌也有明显的生长,而其它化合物虽有部分降解但没有观察到细胞生长．底物初始浓度的增加对菌Q10有一定抑制作用．喹啉的存在对其它化合物的降解具有不同的促进效应,其中尤以6-甲基喹啉和4-甲基喹啉最为明显．能在较短时间内得到完全去除,而在各二元体系中喹啉的降解受到这些化合物的抑制作用．