深圳大运会前后大气含碳气溶胶污染特征

2011年8月12~24日,深圳市成功举办了第26届世界大学生运动会.为保证空气质量,两个观测点的PM2.5(空气动力学直径?2.5μm的大气颗粒物)质量浓度均值分别为(12.99±3.73)μg/m3和(25.24±5.20)μg/m3.然而,8月24日(含)大运会结束、主要污染控制措施取消之后,PM2.5的质量浓度呈现台阶式突增,测得观测点所处位置PM2.5分别为(48.01±8.73)μg/m3和(54.05±6.53)μg/m3.为探讨大气颗粒物污染水平变化的原因,对大运会结束前后深圳市大气含碳气溶胶的变化特征进行了分析,利用元素碳示踪法对大运会结束前后的一次和二次含碳气溶胶污染水平进行估算,结果显示大运会结束后的2个观测点的一次有机碳估算浓度较大运会期间增长了55%和22%,二次有机碳分别增长了442%和169%.结合气象因素及后向轨迹聚类模型的分析结果,认为在大运会结束后的大气颗粒物浓度阶梯状增加的原因除本地污染累积外,污染气团远距离传输以及气象条件都对阶梯型污染有一定的贡献.     

Novel Dicistroviruses in an Unexpected Wide Range of Invertebrates

Food and Environmental Virology - Dicistroviruses are members of a rapidly growing family of small RNA viruses. Related sequences have been discovered in many environmental samples, indicating that...     

Chemical composition and quantitative relationship between meteorological condition and fine particles in Beijing

The recent year‘s monitor results of Beijing indicated that the pollution level of fine particles PM2.5 showed an increasing trend. To understand pollution characteristics of PM2.5 and its relationship with the meteorological conditions in Beijing, a one-year monitoring of PM2.5 mass concentration and correspondent meteorological parameters was performed in Beijing in 2001. The PM2.5 levels in Beijing were very high, the annual average PM2.5 concentration in 2001 was 7 times of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards proposed by US EPA. The major chemical compositions were organics, sulfate, crustals and nitrate. It was found that the mass concentrations of PM2.5 were influenced by meteorological conditions. The correlation between the mass concentrations of PM2.5 and the relative humidity was found. And the correlation became closer at higher relative humidity. And the mass concentrations of PM2.5 were negtive-correlated to wind speeds, but the correlation between the mass concentration of PM2.5 and wind speed was not good at stronger wind.     

太原市采暖期PM10中PAHs的碳同位素组成及源贡献率

在太原市7个点位采集采暖期PM10样品,用气相色谱-同位素质谱仪测定环境空气PM10和污染源(煤烟尘和机动车尾气)中9种多环芳烃(PAHs)的碳同位素组成(δ13C),并根据碳同位素质量平衡原理定量环境空气PAHs的源贡献率.结果表明:煤烟尘中PAHs随环数增加贫13C,机动车尾气中PAHs随环数增加富13C;各点位PAHs的δ13C值差别不大,变化趋势与煤烟尘基本一致,煤烟尘是城市PAHs的主要污染源;煤烟尘对各点位荧蒽和苯并[a]蒽的贡献率都大于机动车尾气,对 的贡献率与机动车尾气相当,煤烟尘是各点位荧蒽和苯并[a]蒽的主要来源, 是二者共同作用的结果;煤烟尘和机动车尾气对全市环境空气中荧蒽、苯并[ghi]荧蒽、苯并[a]蒽和苯并[b+k]荧蒽贡献率比都约为7:3,太原市环境空气PAHs污染属于煤烟尘和机动车尾气的复合污染.     

昆明城区大气PM2.5中PAHs的污染特征及来源分析

2013年4月至2014年1月期间,在昆明城区3个采样点采集了大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)样品,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对PM2.5载带的16种PAHs进行定量分析.结果表明:工业区(金鼎山)、交通密集区(东风东路)、清洁对照点(西山森林公园)PM2.5上PAHs平均含量分别为40.67,22.64,22.07ng/m3.通过常规气象因素及气团后向轨迹模型分析发现,起源于曲靖地区的污染气团传输及昆明大气高压形成的下沉气流是导致昆明PAHs浓度上升的重要原因.金鼎山、东风东路、西山森林公园的BaPeq浓度分别为6.28,4.00,2.94ng/m3,均高于国家环境空气质量二级标准(2.5ng/m3).源解析结果显示,工业区(金鼎山)和交通密集区(东风东路)的PAHs污染来源一致,主要来自机动车排放,其贡献率分别为50.80%和40.20%,其次为燃煤排放,贡献率为35.55%和39.23%,再次为生物质燃烧,贡献率为7.30%和7.98%;作为清洁对照点的西山森林公园的PAHs则来自汽车尾气排放(81.84%)和生物质燃烧排放(9.73%).     

Chemically-Crosslinked Xylan/Graphene Oxide Composite Hydrogel for Copper Ions Removal

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - The chemically-crosslinked composite hydrogel based on acylated xylan and silanized graphene oxide was prepared via free radical polymerization as a novel...     

Artificial consortia of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HM618 and Bacillus subtilis for utilizing food waste to synthetize iturin A

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Food waste is a cheap and abundant organic resource that can be used as a substrate for the production of the broad-spectrum antifungal compound...