高炉煤气全干式布袋除尘净化技术

通过对国内外大中型高炉煤气除尘系统的分析比较，对高炉煤气除尘系统几个重大技术问题提出自己的见解，并指出新建、改建、扩建大中型高炉为避免重复投资，应不建湿式除尘系统备用，而向建干式布袋除尘方向发展。     

Recycling of spent nickel-cadmium batteries based on bioleaching process

Only 1-2 percent of discarded dry batteries are recovered in China. It is necessary to find an economic and environmentally friendly process to recycle dry batteries in this developing country. Bioleaching is one of the few techniques applicable for the recovery of the toxic metals from hazardous spent batteries. Its principle is the microbial production of sulphuric acid and simultaneous leaching of metals. In this study, a system consisting of a bioreactor, settling tank and leaching reactor was developed to leach metals from nickel-cadmium batteries. Indigenous thiobacilli, proliferated by using nutritive elements in sewage sludge and elemental sulphur as substrates, was employed in the bioreactor to produce sulphuric acid. The overflow from the bioreactor was conducted into the settling tank. The supernatant in the settling tank was conducted into the leaching reactor, which contained the anode and cathodic electrodes obtained from nickel-cadmium batteries. The results showed that this system was valid to leach metals from nickel-cadmium batteries, and that the sludge drained from the bottom of the settling tank could satisfy the requirements of environmental protection agencies regarding agricultural use.     

Dust Storm as an Environmental Problem in North China

Dust storms in north China, which are associated with land deterioration from increasing human pressures, have intensified over the past decades. Although synoptic meteorological conditions and sedimental environments dictate the occurrence of dust storms, their increase in frequency in north China due to human activities can be expected. Sand stabilization and control projects may be compromised by the pursuit of short-term economic returns and lack of systematic and integrated understanding of land degradation. Two actions are recommended as positive responses to escalating dust storms in north China. A policy of long-term ecologically sustainable development strategies is needed as well as a scientific research initiative combining biophysical and socioeconomic aspects.     

国内现有露天矿大气污染源防治技术的调查与分析

在现场调查和函凋及查阅大量的文献资料的基础上,较全面地掌握了国内露天矿通风防尘实用技术措施的实施状况,分析了国内露天矿通风防尘实用技术措施的特点及其适用性。     

安全状态评价模型构模原理及其状态程度与状态存在程度的表达方法研究

运用系统科学理论对安全状态评价模型构模原理进行阐述;根据评价系统状态的模糊性特征,结合人们对安全状态的认识、理解和接受方式,提出了评价系统状态程度与状态存在的可能性多值表达方法     

表面强化层受力失效的一种判别方法

为了找到在实际应用中评价表面强化层的力学性能的量化计算依据 ,通过B Cr RE共渗技术处理后的 45钢试样的力学性能试验 ,测得了表面破损时所对应的压力 ,并利用文中提出的模型 ,得出了渗层破损时 ,基体处于屈服阶段的结论 ,并求出了渗层的抗压极限。并可利用将表面强化层与基体联合起来考虑的处理方法 ,分析其他表面强化层的不同受力状态。     

环境保护投资分析通用模型的研究

指出了目前广泛使用的环境保护投资优化模型的局限性，在分析环保投资对环境质量和环境经济效益影响特征的基础上，提出环保投资分析的通用模型，并对模型的适用性进行了讨论。     

Mercury pollution and control in China

Before 1970s the Second Songhua River and Ji Canal of China had been polluted seriously by mercury. During peak pollution period, mercury levels in water, sediment and fish body of these rivers were close to or even higher than that of famous Minamata Bay of Japan. Some residents who live near to the polluted rivers were affected and the methyl mercury values in their blood, hair and urine were higher than normal people obviously . Since the fish had decreased even vanished in these rivers, so the food chain that transfers mercury to human also was out off almostly. However, nervous symptoms of Minamata disease were discovered among fisherman who had eaten more fishes. This report relates the stories about the mercury pollution of the Second Songhua River and Ji Canal.     

Estimation of the radionuclide distribution in sediment in coast area

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燃油助动车与柴油车尾气冷凝物中有机污染物的比对分析

采用毛细管柱气相色谱-质谱联用(GC／MS)及选择离子检测(SIR)技术。结合超声波回流提取和柱层析化学分组预分离的前处理方法．了解燃油助动车与柴油车尾气冷凝物中有机污染物的化学组成。在2类尾气冷凝颗粒物中分别检出234种与144种有机化合物及同分异构体。均含有已知是人类致癌物的4～6环多环芳烃，柴油车尾气中苯并[a]芘含量为11—27μg／g。燃油助动车比柴油车燃烧效率更差．其尾气颗粒物对人体慢性毒性效应可能更严重。实验结果警示人们应尽快改进发动机机械性能．尤其是先天结构不甚合理的二冲程单缸发动机的燃油助动车．研究开发环保型机动车．严格控制并净化尾气有害物排放。