Source attribution for mercury deposition with an updated atmospheric mercury emission inventory in the Pearl River Delta Region,China

Estimated anthropogenic Hg emission was 11.9 tons in Pearl River Delta for 2014. Quantifying contributions of emission sources helps to provide control strategies. More attentions should be paid to Hg deposition around the large point sources. Power plant, industrial source and waste incinerator were priorities for control. A coordinated regional Hg emission control was important for controlling pollution. We used CMAQ-Hg to simulate mercury pollution and identify main sources in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) with updated local emission inventory and latest regional and global emissions. The total anthropogenic mercury emissions in the PRD for 2014 were 11,939.6 kg. Power plants and industrial boilers were dominant sectors, responsible for 29.4 and 22.7%. We first compared model predictions and observations and the results showed a good performance. Then five scenarios with power plants (PP), municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI), industrial point sources (IP), natural sources (NAT), and boundary conditions (BCs) zeroed out separately were simulated and compared with the base case. BCs was responsible for over 30% of annual average mercury concentration and total deposition while NAT contributed around 15%. Among the anthropogenic sources, IP (22.9%) was dominant with a contribution over 20.0% and PP (18.9%) and MSWI (11.2%) ranked second and third. Results also showed that power plants were the most important emission sources in the central PRD, where the ultra-low emission for thermal power units need to be strengthened. In the northern and western PRD, cement and metal productions were priorities for mercury control. The fast growth of municipal solid waste incineration were also a key factor in the core areas. In addition, a coordinated regional mercury emission control was important for effectively controlling pollution. In the future, mercury emissions will decrease as control measures are strengthened, more attention should be paid to mercury deposition around the large point sources as high levels of pollution are observed.     

生态工程在林业上的应用——低山丘陵立体林业工程实验研究

太行山是我国山地植被破坏历史最长、生态环境严重恶化的山地生态系统,“七五”期间国家将绿化太行山列入重点攻关项目。从1986年开始,作者根据生态工程原理提出:环境辨识工程、种群引进选择工程、种群匹配工程、水土富集工程、时间节律工程和食物链工程为主的立体林业工程新思想,并在湘山小流域建起实施模式。经四年的工作,已取得较大进展。     

有毒药物安全操作台防止空气污染作用分析

分析了9112－B型有毒药物安全操作台的污染物去除效率，得出了该操作平台避免了有毒药物对操作者的侵害，减少了有毒药物对环境污染的结论。     

表面活性剂AE对黄鳝保护酶SOD、CAT和GSH-PX活性的影响

以肝脏组织保护酶λ(SOD)、λ(CAT)和λ(GSH PX)为指标 ,研究了表面活性剂AE(脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚 )污染对黄鳝 (Monopterusalbus)的损伤作用 .结果显示 :ρ(AE) 1.5mg/L处理液对黄鳝的损伤较小 ;随着 ρ(AE)升高 ,损伤程度加剧 .ρ(AE) >4 .5mg/L的处理液对黄鳝损伤较大 ,保护酶λ(SOD)、λ(CAT)在处理 96h后被抑制 ,λ(GSH PX)升高 .发现环境中AE的残留量对黄鳝种群有影响 .也证实了λ(SOD)、λ(CAT)和λ(GSH PX)变化可以反映黄鳝的伤害程度 .表 3参 14     

贺兰山高山草甸生物多样性和地上生物量的关系

在对贺兰山高山草甸进行群落调查的基础上,研究高山草甸生物多样性和地上生物量与环境因子之间的关系,进而分析生物多样性和地上生物量的关系.结果表明:(1)地上生物量主要与土层深度成正相关关系.(2)海拔高度与生物多样性成负相关关系,而其它影响物种丰富度或Shannon指数的环境因子仅在个别群落类型中起作用.(3)生物多样性与地上生物量主要呈单峰曲线关系.     

抚仙湖北岸入湖径流中总氮变化趋势分析

抚仙湖现有污染主要来自北岸。通过抚仙湖3条入湖河流中总氮负荷量进行调查，对抚仙湖入湖河流中总氮负荷量进行了分析评价，结果表明：3条入湖河流总氮为劣V类水质，是影响抚仙湖水质的主要因素。为湖泊总量控制与治理提供科学依据。     

再生铅冶炼对土壤环境影响及其评价和环境管理

再生铅冶炼是对废弃物的循环利用,防治铅污染的重要手段,但冶炼中处置不当,会引起土壤污染,再生铅冶炼对土壤环境的影响,首先进行环境影响识别,并根据冶炼中铅的排放强度和铅的生物地球化学循环规律来阐明其排放特点和进入土壤的途径,通过再生铅冶炼项目环境影响评价的实例,探讨了土壤环境质量的现状分析、评价和预测等研究方法,并提出严格执行环境影响评价制度和“三同时”制度,强化建设项目本身的环境管理和完善土壤环境质量标准等土壤环境管理措施。     

环境生物技术

环境生物技术作为一门新兴边缘学科在解决环境污染问题上具有很大的潜力。主要介绍了环境生物技术在各方面的研究应用进展 ,并指出环境生物技术的发展趋势和应用前景     

渤海海域船舶防污设备铅封的可行性

从船舶排污口确认、船舶防污设备铅封要求和方法等方面，介绍说明渤海海域船舶防污设备铅封的可行性。     

Selective extraction of trace mercury and cadmium from drinking water sources.

In this paper, a new alternative method, i.e., selective extraction by weakly basic anion exchange resin, has been developed for the removal of trace cadmium and mercury ions from drinking water sources. The mechanism of heavy metal removal is based on selective extraction as the results of LEWIS-base-acid interactions. Transfer of trace mercury species from liquid to resin phase coincides well with the performance of film diffusion. The results demonstrated that the presence of chlorine has a negligible influence on the removal of mercury. However, humic acids can strongly bind mercury by the formation of complex compounds and therefore become the obstacle in the diffusion progress. At neutral or base pH, the resin material exhibits the favorable uptake of heavy metals. In filter experiments, the studied resin material offers favorable properties in the selective extraction of trace mercury and cadmium.