Mechanism of concentration addition toxicity: they are different for nonpolar narcotic chemicals, polar narcotic chemicals and reactive chemicals

According to the toxicity mechanism of the individual chemicals, the concentration addition toxicity mechanism is revealed for nonpolar-narcotic-chemical mixtures, polar-narcotic-chemical mixtures and reactive-chemical mixtures, respectively. For nonpolar-narcotic-chemical mixtures, the partitioning of individual chemicals from water to biophase was determined, and the result shows that their concentration additive effect results from no competitive partitioning among individual chemicals. For polar-narcotic-chemical mixtures, their toxicity are contributed by two factors (the total baseline toxicity and the hydrogen bond donor activity of individual chemicals), and it is the concentration additive effect for either of these two factors that leads to their concentration addition toxicity. In addition, the interactions between the reactive chemicals and the biological macromolecules are discussed thoroughly. The results suggest that the net effect of these interactions is zero, and it is this zero net effect that leads to the concentration addition toxicity mechanism for reactive-chemical mixtures.     

电厂循环冷却排污水的回用研究

针对电厂循环冷却排污水的处理技术进行了中试研究。采用超滤、反渗透的工艺处理电厂循环冷却排污水，处理后的水能够满足低压锅炉补充水的要求。该工艺为循环冷却排污水的再利用开辟了一条新途径，既节约了水资源，又减少了环境污染。     

电厂循环冷却排污水的回用研究

针对电厂循环冷却排污水的处理技术进行了中试研究.采用超滤、反渗透的工艺处理电厂循环冷却排污水,处理后的水能够满足低压锅炉补充水的要求.该工艺为循环冷却排污水的再利用开辟了一条新途径,既节约了水资源,又减少了环境污染.     

Holographic QSAR of selected esters

The HQSAR (Holographic QSAR) method, which has been recently developed, can offer the ability to rapidly and easily generate QSAR models of high statistical quality and predictive value. HQSAR analysis requires selecting values for parameters that specify the size of the hologram that is to be used, and the size and type of fragment substructures that are to be encoded. The color coding is provided by HQSAR to reflect which molecular fragments may be important contributors to the biological activity. In this work, we studied the quantitative structure activity relationship of selected esters using the HQSAR method. A robust HQSAR model with r² (non-cross-validated regression coefficient) of 0.981 and q² (cross-validated regression coefficient) of 0.912, was developed after optimizing the fragment size and the hologram length. The color coding analysis, which has rarely been reported before, was done here to explain the outlier successfully.     

初始环境评审中环境因素的识别和评价方法

初始环境评审是组织建立和实施环境管理体系的基础，而环境因素的识别和评价是这一过程的关键。探讨了识别和评价环境因素的准则，介绍了几种环境因素的识别和评价方法。     

环境和营养条件对煤油生物降解的影响

研究了南极假丝酵母（Candida antarctica)JWSH-112降解煤油烃的影响因素。利用正交试验方法，确证了最优条件为煤油14（ψ/%），NaNO32.0gL61,NaH2PO40.1gL^-1，蛋白胨2.0gL^-1，初始pH6.5，其中蛋白胨是影响JWSH－112降解煤油烃的重要因素。采用优化后的条件进行验证实验，煤油烃的生物降解率（49．2％）和细胞生长质量浓度（1.9gL^-1)均加高于正交试验中的最高生物降解率（47．9％）和细胞生长质量浓度（1.5gL^-1)。通过气相色谱定性分析发现，生物降解后煤油中的部分组份消失或含量明显降低。图6表5参13     

一株碱性果胶酶高产细菌的分离、系统发育分析和产酶条件的初步优化

从腐烂的苹果表皮筛选到一株碱性果胶酶的高产菌株,命名为WSHB04-02.分离菌株为革兰氏阳性细菌,有芽孢,菌落颜色为乳白色.分离菌株WSHB04-02的16SrDNA全序列分析表明,该菌株与Bacillussubtilus具有99%的相似性,并与其他13株产碱性果胶酶菌株的16SrDNA结果进行同源性分析,并构建系统发育树.发现菌株WSHB04-02在不含果胶类物质与Mg2 的培养基上能高产碱性果胶酶,在优化的培养条件下,碱性果胶酶的酶活达到34U/mL,在国内还未见报道.图6表2参15     

城市污泥好氧堆肥过程中DOM的光谱动态变化特征

跟踪监测了城市污泥堆肥工厂好氧堆肥的一个发酵周期,利用三维荧光光谱技术,结合平行因子分析法,研究了堆肥过程中DOM的动态变化过程.结果 表明,堆肥污泥中DOM主要由4种荧光组分组成,分别为类色氨酸(C1:275nm/350 nm)、类富里酸(C2:240 nm、315/415 nm)、类酪氨酸(C3:275 nm/305 nm)和类胡敏酸(C4:265 nm、360 nm/480nm).随堆肥过程推进,组分C1、C3所占比例先增大后减小,而组分C2、组分CA所占比例升高,表明堆肥腐殖化程度不断增强;由紫外-可见吸收光谱研究发现,SUVA254、SUVA280、A240 ～400逐渐增大,E250/ E365逐渐减小,表明DOM的芳香性和腐殖化程度逐渐增强.通过相关性分析可知,CA与吸收光谱参数在p ＜0.05水平上显著相关,表明CA可以作为评价堆肥腐熟度的指标.     

《审计学》案例教学研究

本文针对当前审计教学中普遍存在教学难、学习难的现象,提出采用案例教学法.文章阐述了案例教学法在审计教学中的积极意义,并从案例的选择和课堂教学组织两方面讲述了案例教学法在审计教学中的应用,最后提出了完善审计案例教学的几点措施.     

"环境友好"阻垢剂——聚环氧琥珀酸应用于火电厂循环冷却水的研究

火电厂循环冷却水阻垢处理以往一般采用一些含磷的阻垢剂和加酸处理,阻垢效果受多方面因素影响较大,不稳定,并且废水外排容易引起水体富营养化,导致环境污染。文章对聚环氧琥珀酸（PEsA）应用于火电厂循环冷却水进行研究,其不但投加量少、阻垢效果好、受碱度影响小,并且具有较好的生物降解能力,不含磷,外排水不会对环境造成污染。另外,PESA对火电厂循环冷却水换热铜管有较好的缓蚀作用,减少换热面的腐蚀。