一种大批量测定沉积物微量间隙水样品中溶解态磷和铁含量的方法

利用384微孔板微量比色分析方法,建立了一种大批量分析微量溶液样品中溶解态反应磷(DRP)和溶解态铁(Ⅱ)含量的方法,确定了方法的最佳参数和条件.利用Epoch微孔板分光光度计,对溶液中磷和铁分别采用磷钼蓝和邻菲啰啉比色法进行分析,所需溶液样品体积(稀释后)为20~50μL,磷和铁的检出限分别为0.006 mg·L-1和0.010 mg·L-1,精密度控制在5%以内.在此基础上,采用高分辨间隙水扩散平衡装置(HR-Peeper,垂向分辨率2 mm)获取了太湖沉积物间隙水样品,利用本方法同步分析了微量间隙水样品中DRP和溶解态铁(Ⅱ)的含量,发现两者含量同步升高的现象.     

九龙江的碳酸盐体系、CO2分压及其调控

于2011年枯水期和丰水期调查了九龙江的溶解氧、pH、溶解无机碳(DIC)和总碱度(TAlk),并计算水体CO2分压(pCO2)。九龙江溶解氧饱和度平均为67±18%(枯水期)和57±12%(丰水期),最低只有10%(枯水期)和35%(丰水期);pH为7.08±0.12(枯水期)和7.22±0.11(丰水期),最低只有6.88(枯水期)和6.98(丰水期);DIC为1027±620μmol/kg(枯水期)和820±340μmol/kg(丰水期);TAlk在枯水期为885±570μmol/kg,比相应DIC低140±70μmol/kg。水体TAlk受控于流域地质背景和化学风化的影响,而DIC既包含流域风化过程的产物HCO3-,也包含水柱呼吸过程和沉积物中其他生物地球化学过程释放的游离CO2。九龙江pCO2高达3470±1640μatm(枯水期)和3590±1410μatm(丰水期),超过大气平衡水平8.9~9.2倍。过饱和CO2与表观耗氧量的耦合分析表明,水柱呼吸作用只能说明九龙江高pCO2的66%~94%。     

Preparation and evaluation of aminopropyl-functionalized manganese-loaded SBA-15 for copper removal from aqueous solution

A novel material, aminopropyl-functionalized manganese-loaded SBA-15(NH2-Mn-SBA-15), was synthesized by bonding 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane(APTMS) onto manganeseloaded SBA-15(Mn-SBA-15) and used as a Cu2+adsorbent in aqueous solution. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR), X-ray diffraction spectra(XRD), N2adsorption/desorption isotherms, high resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) were used to characterize the NH2-Mn-SBA-15.The ordered mesoporous structure of SBA-15 was remained after modification. The manganese oxides were mainly loaded on the internal surface of the pore channels while the aminopropyl groups were mainly anchored on the external surface of SBA-15. The adsorption of Cu2+on NH2-Mn-SBA-15 was fitted well by the Langmuir equation and the maximum adsorption capacity of NH2-Mn-SBA-15 for Cu2+was over two times higher than that of Mn-SBA-15 under the same conditions. The Elovich equation gave a good fit for the adsorption process of Cu2+by NH2-Mn-SBA-15 and Mn-SBA-15. Both the loaded manganese oxides and the anchored aminopropyl groups were found to contribute to the uptake of Cu2+. The NH2-Mn-SBA-15 showed high selectivity for copper ions. Consecutive adsorption–desorption experiments showed that the NH2-Mn-SBA-15 could be regenerated by acid treatment without altering its properties.     

粒径对硫磺燃烧爆炸特性影响的试验研究

针对湿法成型工艺硫磺粉尘进行燃烧爆炸特性参数测试,对目数范围介于16~35目,35~60目,60~80目,80~100目,100~120目,120~160目,160~200目,200目筛下八组硫磺粉尘的:粉尘层着火温度、粉尘云最低着火温度、粉尘云最小点火能以及爆炸下限四个参数进行了测试,确定了不同粒径分组硫磺粉尘的燃烧爆炸参数。为硫磺湿法成型系统硫磺粉尘浓度监控标准的制定提供依据。     

巢湖沉积物有效态磷与硫的DGT原位同步分析研究

沉积物有效态磷(P)与硫(S)的含量分布是影响湖泊营养元素循环和水体富营养化的重要因子.本文利用Zr O-Ag I薄膜梯度扩散技术(Zr O-Ag I DGT)原位同步获取了南淝河-巢湖沉积物中有效态P和S的高分辨分布信息.结果发现:绝大部分沉积物有效P和S自界面向下呈急剧升高趋势,并在50 mm深度内出现峰值;河道内沉积物有效P和S的含量高于湖体,且P在界面的表观释放通量明显高于湖体,表明河道沉积物是湖体P的输入源.部分采样点出现有效P与S同步变化的现象,两者具有显著相关性,证实沉积物内部P和S存在同步释放的规律.     

长江口近岸表层沉积物中基质结合态磷化氢的分布特征

利用气相色谱-脉冲火焰光度检测器(GC-PFPD)分析了长江口近岸表层沉积物中基质结合态磷化氢(MBP)的含量,并探讨了其潜在的影响因素.结果表明,5月沉积物中MBP的含量略高于11月,其含量变化范围分别为139～426 ng.kg-1和111～192 ng.kg-1,平均含量分别为224 ng.kg-1和158 ng.kg-1;并且,沉积物中MBP的含量存在显著的地理空间差异.此外,MBP含量与环境参数之间的相关分析显示,MBP与总磷(TP)、无机磷(IP)、有机磷(OP)有较好的线性关系(RTP=0.86,P<0.000 1;RIP=0.81,P<0.000 1;ROP=0.90,P<0.000 1),与碱性磷酸酶活性(APA)、pH的相关性较弱(RAPA=0.55,P=0.019;RpH=0.511,P=0.03),表明沉积物中MBP的含量与磷组分、APA及pH密切相关,但与有机碳、盐度等环境因子并无显著相关性.     

Investing in climate change adaptation and mitigation: A methodological review of real-options studies

Uncertain future payoffs and irreversible costs characterize investment in climate change adaptation and mitigation. Under these conditions, it is relevant to analyze investment decisions in a real options framework, as this approach takes into account the economic value associated with investment time flexibility. In this paper, we provide an overview of the literature adopting a real option approach to analyze investment in climate change adaptation and mitigation, and examine how the uncertain impacts of climate change on the condition of the human environment, risk preferences, and strategic interactions among decisions-makers have been modeled. We found that the complex nature of uncertainties associated with climate change is typically only partially taken into account and that the analysis is usually limited to decisions taken by individual risk neutral profit maximizers. Our findings call for further research to fill the identified gaps.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s13280-020-01342-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

Autotrophic nitrogen removal for decentralized treatment of ammonia-rich industrial textile wastewater: process assessment,stabilization and modelling

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Digital textile printing (DTP) is a game-changer technology that is rapidly expanding worldwide. On the other hand, process wastewater is rich in...     

我国造纸行业化学需氧量(COD)减排绩效评价

根据2000—2014年统计数据,对全国及各省造纸行业的化学需氧量产污状况、污染治理投入和治理效果、排污状况等进行评价,得出以下结论:在严格的总量控制制度实施前、"十一五"、"十二五"3个时间段均有减排效果,"十一五"期间减排绩效最为明显,其次为"十二五"期间;排污强度下降超过产污强度,COD污染治理水平整体提高;除辽宁以外的东部地区,造纸行业COD减排绩效普遍好于中西部地区;造纸行业COD减排对工业源的总体减排有明显贡献。