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861.
862.
Xiaodong Zou Zhemin Shen Tao Yuan Shan Yin Jingping Cai Liping Chen Wenhua Wang 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2006,40(40):8068-8073
In this paper, a shifted power-law model, based on the wind profile model, had been supposed to simulate concentration gradient of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with distance from a highway. Field experiments were performed for NO2 gradients from a highway in Shanghai by using passive samplers. The shifted power-law model was fitted well with experimental results of field experiments both in this study and in the literature. The results not only verified the validity of shifted power-law relationship between NO2 concentration and the distance from a highway, but also partially demonstrated that there were some significant similarities between wind profile and air pollutants concentration profile near highway. With known concentration of chosen reference point and appropriate value of the parameter k, the model could be practically applied for predicting the NO2 distributions near a highway. The methods of determining the parameter k were also discussed for further detailed studies. 相似文献
863.
白腐菌在固体培养基下对吲哚和吡啶的降解 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
研究了稻草秆粉介质中白腐菌对吲哚和吡啶的降解.实验结果表明,质量浓度分别为200、80 mg/L左右的吲哚可被白腐菌去除99%以上,质量浓度为74 mg/L吡啶的去除率为61.5%;白腐菌在稻草秆粉培养体系中对吲哚和吡啶的降解,符合零级反应动力学,其中反应速率常数K(高浓度吲哚)>K(低浓度吲哚)>K(吡啶);高低浓度吲哚和吡啶3个降解体系的漆酶活力在第6天达到最大;漆酶在吲哚和吡啶降解过程中起着较重要的作用,但酶活的变化与吲哚和吡啶的相对去除率不呈线性相关,稻草秆粉培养基中的介质和培养环境在降解过程中可能也起着重要作用. 相似文献
864.
底泥对河流的二次污染浅析 总被引:39,自引:1,他引:39
根据底冲中污染物质累积和释放过程和底泥对河流二次污染的机理,运用适用的模式和苏州河的实测资料,可得到二次污染BOD和COD的年释放量,以及增加上覆河上的BOD和COD浓度。由此认为,对于底泥污染严重的河流,疏浚是必不可少的,其目的在于清除或隔绝黑富集层上覆河上的二次污染。 相似文献
865.
Preparation of sulfurized powdered activated carbon from waste tires using an innovative compositive impregnation process 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yuan CS Lin HY Wu CH Liu MH Hung CH 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2004,54(7):862-870
The objective of this study is to develop an innovative compositive impregnation process for preparing sulfurized powdered activated carbon (PAC) from waste tires. An experimental apparatus, including a pyrolysis and activation system and a sulfur (S) impregnation system, was designed and applied to produce sulfurized PAC with a high specific surface area. Experimental tests involved the pyrolysis, activation, and sulfurization of waste tires. Waste-tire-derived PAC (WPAC) was initially produced in the pyrolysis and activation system. Experimental results indicated that the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of WPAC increased, and the average pore radius of WPAC decreased, as water feed rate and activation time increased. In this study, a conventional direct impregnation process was used to prepare the sulfurized PAC by impregnating WPAC with sodium sulfide (Na2S) solution. Furthermore, an innovative compositive impregnation process was developed and then compared with the conventional direct impregnation process. Experimental results showed that the compositive impregnation process produced the sulfurized WPAC with high BET surface area and a high S content. A maximum BET surface area of 886 m2/g and the S content of 2.61% by mass were obtained at 900 degrees C and at the S feed ratio of 2160 mg Na2S/g C. However, the direct impregnation process led to a BET surface area of sulfurized WPAC that decreased significantly as the S content increased. 相似文献
866.
Determination of growth rate and yield of nitrifying bacteria by measuring carbon dioxide uptake rate. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Richard Blackburne Vel M Vadivelu Zhiguo Yuan Jürg Keller 《Water environment research》2007,79(12):2437-2445
Nitrifier growth parameters--the maximum growth rate (microAmax) and yield (YA)--were estimated by measuring the rate of carbon dioxide uptake and additional rates of oxygen uptake and ammonia (or nitrite) use. Batch tests in a combined titrimetric and offgas analyzer with enriched Nitrobacter and Nitrosomonas cultures and an activated sludge sample were performed. The measured microAmax values for the Nitrobacter and Nitrosomonas cultures were 0.67 +/- 0.03 day(-1) and 0.54 +/- 0.09 day(-1), while the YA values were 0.072 +/- 0.01 g volatile suspended solids (VSS) x g nitrogen (N)(-1) and 0.14 +/- 0.02 gVSS x gN(-1), respectively. For the activated sludge sample, microAmax was observed to increase with pH (microAmax = 0.72 x 3.3(pH-7.1)) over the range 6.8 to 7.1. All microAmax and YA values determined by this method were similar to those previously reported. Compared with other microAmax and YA estimation methods, this method allows for unique microAmax and YA estimations for given conditions from a single experiment. 相似文献
867.
催化超临界水氧化对氨基苯酚 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用CuO/γ-Al2O3和MnO2/γ-Al2O3为催化剂、H2O2为氧化剂,在一连续流固定床反应器中进行了超临界水氧化对氨基苯酚实验。实验结果表明,CuO和MnO2催化剂对于对氨基苯酚的氧化降解具有显著的促进作用。对氨基苯酚的去除率随反应温度和压力的升高、停留时间的延长而提高,在24~26MPa和400~450℃条件下,数秒钟内COD去除率可达到99%以上,催化剂CuO/γ-Al2O3的催化效果优于MnO2/γ-Al2O3。证明了催化超临界水氧化技术的高效性。 相似文献
868.
Shigong Wang Wei Yuan Kezheng Shang 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2006,40(40):7975-7982
In this study the frequencies of PM10 (as key urban pollutant) in 14 key environmental protection cities in northern China were analyzed. It follows that the PM10 concentration in the high-frequency period is higher with an extent 0.009–0.066 mg m−3 than in the low-frequency period of 2001–2002. Further the impacts of three kinds of dust events on the PM10 concentration in four cities (Beijing, Hohhot, Xi’an and Lanzhou) were explored. The results showed that different kinds of dust events have different influences on variation of PM10 concentration in these four cities. In Lanzhou and Hohhot, which are near the source areas of dust events, the contribution degree of these three dust events to the PM10 is: floating dust>dust storm>blowing dust. Whereas, in Beijing and Xi’an situated in dust event passing areas, the mean value of PM10 concentration is higher in blowing dust than in floating dust (no dust storm). In addition, the influences of dust events on PM10 concentration are different in the cities on different dust event paths. In Beijing and Hohhot (on the northern path), the high PM10 concentration is usually caused by blowing dust. But in both Lanzhou and Xi’an (on the western/northwestern path) the high PM10 pollution concentration is usually caused by floating dust. 相似文献
869.
本文选择了上试-402树脂作为常温高效选择性吸附氯化甲基汞的吸附剂,改进了Cbromosorb W-SE30-HCl吸附剂管的制备方法,并同时组装了一套由微孔纤维滤膜与Chromosorb W-SE30-HCl、402树脂、螺旋银丝、镀金细砂等四种吸附管串联组成的采样系统,由小型采样机抽气采样,于常温下同时依次富集颗粒汞、氯化汞、氯化甲基汞、单质汞及二甲基汞,系统小型轻便,适于野外采样。采样后,四种吸附剂分别采用高低两种温度脱汞。上述五种形态汞均由装有高温石英原子化器的AAs定量测定。 相似文献
870.