云南省涉汞重点排放源及区域环境介质监控方案与可行性分析

介绍了重点排放源及区域环境介质汞污染防治监控方案,做了可行性分析,希望对汞污染防治有所启发。     

龙泉煤矿矿井水用作生态补水探讨

随着煤炭经济的不断发展,矿井水利用问题日趋紧迫。本文分析了龙泉煤矿矿井水综合利用现状,根据矿井水水质情况讨论了将其用于生态补水的技术途径、应急措施等问题,并提出了龙泉煤矿矿井水用作生态补水的具体方案,为龙泉煤矿矿井水利用途径提供了有益的参考,并为煤矿矿井水综合利用研究提供了思路。     

O3浓度升高对南方城市绿化树种氮素的影响

近地层臭氧(O3)浓度升高会降低树木的光合速率,抑制Rubisco酶的活性,势必会间接影响树木N素的吸收与分配.本研究利用开顶式气室研究过滤大气(CF,<20 nL·L-1)与O3浓度升高(E-O3,约150 nL·L-1)对10种南方城市常用绿化树种幼苗N素吸收和分配的影响.结果表明,与CF相比,E-O3使枫香叶生物量和马褂木茎生物量分别显著降低了20.9%和21.4%,使枫香和马褂木的根生物量显著降低了24.2%和32.5%.O3对被测树种茎中N素含量影响显著,而对叶和根中N素含量无显著影响.O3对被测树种整株树N素吸收总量(Ntu)、叶片N素吸收量及根的N素吸收量存在显著影响,而对茎N素吸收量无显著影响.与CF相比,E-O3使马褂木与木荷的Ntu分别显著降低了28.4%与22.7%,而使舟山新木姜子Ntu显著增加了15.5%.O3浓度升高对各树种N素吸收量在各器官中的分配无显著影响.     

Soil organic carbon decomposition and carbon pools in temperate and sub-tropical forests in China

Decomposition of soil organic carbon (SOC) is a critical component of the global carbon cycle, and accurate estimates of SOC decomposition are important for forest carbon modeling and ultimately for decision making relative to carbon sequestration and mitigation of global climate change. We determined the major pools of SOC in four sites representing major forest types in China: temperate forests at Changbai Mountain (CBM) and Qilian Mountain (QLM), and sub-tropical forests at Yujiang (YJ) and Liping (LP) counties. A 90-day laboratory incubation was conducted to measure CO(2) evolution from forest soils from each site, and data from the incubation study were fitted to a three-pool first-order model that separated mineralizable soil organic carbon into active (C(a)), slow (C(s)) and resistant (C(r)) carbon pools. Results indicate that: (1) the rate of SOC decomposition in the sub-tropical zone was faster than that in the temperature zone, (2) The C(a) pool comprised approximately 1-3% of SOC with an average mean residence time (MRT) of 219 days. The C(s) pool comprised approximately 25-65% with an average MRT of 78 yr. The C(r) pool accounted for approximately 35-80% of SOC, (3) The YJ site in the sub-tropical zone had the greatest C(a) pool and the lowest MRT, while the QLM in the temperature zone had the greatest MRT for both the C(a) and C(s) pools. The results suggest a higher capacity for long-term C sequestration as SOC in temperature forests than in sub-tropical forests.     

浅谈如何加强企业安全管理工作

“安全生产,责任重于泰山”,这是时常挂在人们嘴上的一个话题。但是,仍然有很多无辜的生命被火灾、爆炸、中毒等接连不断的工业事故所吞噬。因此,加强企业的安全管理工作刻不容缓。     

油田企业安全文化建设亟需解决的几个问题及对策

油田企业生产工作具有点多、线长、面广、庞杂、易燃易爆、有毒有害、高温高压、连续作业等特点,安全生产管理难度相当大,若稍有不慎,就会酿成大的事故.因此,避免或减少重大事故的发生是油田企业安全文化建设的重要目标.20世纪90年代,随着HSE管理体系引入中国,国内油田企业相继建立了HSE管理制度,并把HSE安全管理体系作为企业安全文化建设的主要载体.但油田企业安全文化建设仍存在误区,完全文化建设体系亟需进一步完善.     

The adsorptive capacity of vapor-phase mercury chloride onto powdered activated carbon derived from waste tires

Injection of powdered activated carbon (PAC) upstream of particulate removal devices (such as electrostatic precipitator and baghouses) has been used effectively to remove hazardous air pollutants, particularly mercury-containing pollutants, emitted from combustors and incinerators. Compared with commercial PACs (CPACs), an alternative PAC derived from waste tires (WPAC) was prepared for this study. The equilibrium adsorptive capacity of mercury chloride (HgCl2) vapor onto the WPAC was further evaluated with a self-designed bench-scale adsorption column system. The adsorption temperatures investigated in the adsorption column were controlled at 25 and 150 degrees C. The superficial velocity and residence time of the flow were 0.01 m/sec and 4 sec, respectively. The adsorption column tests were run under nitrogen gas flow. Experimental results showed that WPAC with higher Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area could adsorb more HgCl2 at room temperature. The equilibrium adsorptive capacity of HgCl2 for WPAC measured in this study was 1.49 x 10(-1) mg HgCl2/g PAC at 25 degrees C with an initial HgCI2 concentration of 25 microg/m3. With the increase of adsorption temperature < or = 150 degrees C, the equilibrium adsorptive capacity of HgCl2 for WPAC was decreased to 1.34 x 10(-1) mg HgCl2/g PAC. Furthermore, WPAC with higher sulfur contents could adsorb even more HgCl2 because of the reactions between sulfur and Hg2+ at 150 degrees C. It was demonstrated that the mechanisms for adsorbing HgCl2 onto WPAC were physical adsorption and chemisorption at 25 and 150 degrees C, respectively. Experimental results also indicated that the apparent overall driving force model appeared to have the good correlation with correlation coefficients (r) > 0.998 for HgCl2 adsorption at 25 and 150 degrees C. Moreover, the equilibrium adsorptive capacity of HgCl2 for virgin WPAC was similar to that for CPAC at 25 degrees C, whereas it was slightly higher for sulfurized WPAC than for CPAC at 150 degrees C.     

基于SWAT模型的瀼渡河生态流量计算方法

保障和管理河湖生态流量是加强水资源开发利用管控的基本要求,是实施长江大保护和高质量发展的重要内容.以瀼渡河为例,提出了针对无实测流量的河流推算生态流量的方法.首先,利用SWAT水文模型模拟得到1990—2019年30年逐月流量过程,表明该河流流量由上游至下游逐渐增大,且具有明显的汛期和非汛期特征;其次,采用蒙大拿法、最...     

铜渣催化H2O2氧化处理棉浆黑液

采用铜渣催化H2O2类Fenton氧化反应处理棉浆黑液,研究了酸析pH、H2O2投加量、铜渣投加量对棉浆黑液COD和TOC去除率及溶出Fe2+质量浓度的影响,考察了铜渣重复使用性能,讨论了铜渣催化作用机制.结果表明:在酸析pH为2、H2O2投加量为25 mmol/L、铜渣投加量为2.5 g/L条件下,反应180 min...