Understanding the excretion rates of methylmercury and inorganic mercury from human body via hair and fingernails

Effective biomarkers are necessary to better understand the human mercury (Hg) exposure levels. However, mismatched biomarker sampling method causes extra uncertainty in assessing the risk of Hg exposure. To compare the differences between hair and fingernail, and further understand the excretion rates of methylmercury (MeHg) and inorganic mercury (IHg) via hair and fingernails, the total mercury (THg), MeHg, and IHg concentrations in paired hair and fingernail samples were investigated through paired samples collected from two typical mining areas, Wanshan mercury mine area (WMMA) and Hezhang zinc smelting area (HZSA). The positive correlation in THg, MeHg, and IHg concentrations (p <0.01) between hair and fingernail samples indicated that those two biomarkers can be corrected in application of assessing human Hg exposure. Compared to fingernails, the hair was suggested to be a more sensitive biomarker as the concentration of THg, MeHg and IHg were 2 ∼ 4 times higher than those in fingernails. Furthermore, the amounts of THg, MeHg, and IHg excreted via hair were 70 ∼ 226 times higher than that excreted via fingernails, and the hair plays a more important role than fingernails in the excretion of Hg from human bodies. Present study therefore provides some new insights to better understand the fate of human assimilated Hg.     

泸州市城市生活垃圾现状与对策

本文简要介绍了泸州市城市生活垃圾现状，对生活垃圾排放规律和特征作了扼要的分析，提出了适合市情的措施与对策。     

改性膨润土对对硝基苯胺的吸附研究

采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)制备改性膨润土,重点研究了改性剂的用量、改性时间、改性温度对改性膨润土吸附对硝基苯胺的的影响。同时对膨润土改性前后的吸附性能进行了比较,结果表明,改性膨润土对对硝基苯胺的吸附量明显增加,且吸附等温线符合Langmuir方程。     

Heterogeneous reaction of NO2 on the surface of montmorillonite particles

The studies on heterogeneous reactions over montmorillonite, which is a typical 2:1 layered aluminosilicate, will benefit to the understanding of heterogeneous reactions on clay minerals. Montmorillonite can be classified as sodium montmorillonite or calcium montmorillonite depending on the cation presented between the different layers. Using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), the heterogeneous reaction mechanism of NO₂ on the surface of montmorillonite was firstly investigated. Results showed that the reaction of NO₂ on the surface of sodium and calcium montmorillonite fit a first-order kinetics, and the reaction duration of calcium montmorillonite was longer than that of sodium montmorillonite under the dry condition. For either sodium or calcium montmorillonite, the uptake coefficient decreased as humidity increased.     

中国石化海外油气钻井项目HSSE管理探讨

对海外油气钻井工程项目及其特点进行了分析,提出了加强海外油气钻井工程项目HSSE管理的对策及建议。     

如何建立公路声屏障产品质量控制体系

笔者通过对国内公路声屏障产品质量的关注,深入剖析产生产品质量问题的内在原因及外部环境。提出建立公路声屏障产品质量控制体系的思路与实施方法,供大家一起探讨和完善。     

太钢“十一五”污染减排工作

近几年,我国钢铁工业发展很快,但是,钢铁产业长期粗放发展积累的矛盾日益突出。除了产能过剩、产业集中度低、创新能力不强、资源控制力弱等问题外,更为突出的矛盾是钢厂的发展越来越受到环境容量、能源资源等因素的严重制约。如何颠覆传统的"高耗能、高污染"发展方式,走出一条钢厂和谐发展的绿色之路,是实现可持续发展所面临的重大难题。     

排水管道噪声简易评价方法设计的研究

建筑排水管道产生的噪声是家庭噪声的主要来源之一,而目前的测定方法系统较复杂、测试时间又长,本文根据管道声学测量理论对排水管道噪声测定方法进行设计,旨在探寻一种排水管道噪声简易的评测方法,以提高实验测试效率,同时又可为排水管材降噪性能研究提供一种简便方法。     

自然灾害脆弱性研究的基础:抵抗力研究

自然事件能否给人类社会造成灾害损失,关键取决于承灾体抵抗力与致灾因子破坏力的比较。如果承灾体能够抵御灾害破坏,则灾害损失微乎其微,甚至承灾体会完好无损。因此,灾害抵抗力是承灾体脆弱性研究的基础,但灾害抵抗力与现有的脆弱性研究不同,更不同于恢复力研究。抵抗力是承灾体抵御自然灾害破坏的能力,其在灾前即存在,是承灾体的本质属性,承灾体抵抗力强烈地影响着灾中应对力和灾后恢复力。抵抗力研究应首先从其内涵出发,挖掘抵抗力的本质特性,解析抵抗力的影响因素,据此建立灾害抵抗力评估体系;其次,在评估尺度上,以城市、社区和个体作为主要研究尺度;在评估方法上,应突出情景分析方法的作用。最终将评估结果与抵抗力增强机制结合起来,从而真正有效地减少灾害损失。     

不同供给强度的压缩气体泡沫扑灭油罐火的性能比较

采用压缩气体泡沫系统在直径11 m和直径21 m的模拟油罐上开展全面积实体火灭火试验,分析讨论了压缩气体泡沫供给强度与灭火时间、泡沫液消耗量之间关系.试验结果表明,在一定燃烧面积下,随着压缩气体泡沫供给强度提高,灭火时间逐渐减小;随着油池直径增大,最低压缩气体泡沫供给强度应增大;当压缩气体供给强度超过临界值时,灭火所需泡沫液量会大幅降低.