应用地球物理方法研究撞击坑

陨石的撞击作用使靶岩形成一个特殊的地球物理场，具有低密度、低电阻率、低速度、磁力异常等不同于周边的岩性。因此，可利用重力、电法、磁法、地震等地球物理方法探测撞击坑的形态特征和寻找新的冲击构造。     

大港地区大气颗粒物中多环芳烃分布及污染源识别的研究

多环芳烃（PAHs）是一类对人体危害较大的有机污染物。目前对大气环境中PAHs来源识别技术还处于探索与发展阶段。为了解天津大港油田地区大气环境中PAHs污染状况与来源,对天津市大港地区大气颗粒物中10种PAHs分布及污染源开展了调查。结果表明：大港地区10种PAHs总浓度平均为169ng/m3,比市区对照点的465ng/m³低63.7％,其中苯并（a）芘（BaP）平均浓度为13.6ng/m³,比市区对照点的41.1ng/m³低66.9％。实验结果经统计处理发现BaP浓度与其它9种PAHs浓度存在一定的相关性,相关系数均在0.60以上。利用比值法进行源识别得出：大港石化区PAHs主要来源为燃煤污染;而大港油田区PAHs主要来源为燃油污染。     

铝合金LC52对接焊海洋大气应力腐蚀研究

在设计制作的恒载荷大气应力腐蚀试验装置上，进行了铝合金LC52对接焊拉伸试样的海洋大气应力腐蚀试验研究。，对海洋大气应力腐蚀试验中断裂的、加载应力为0.5σ。的试样分析表明．铝合金LC52焊接件在海南海洋大气环境下存在应力腐蚀开裂：Cl^-富集于SCC部分的含钙和／或含硫的第二相质点，促进了应力腐蚀开裂．获得了铝合金LC52焊接的海洋大气SCC失效特征。     

抚仙湖面源污染特征及其防治对策

根据抚仙湖径流区污染物负荷量的调查结果,抚仙湖水污染特征以面源为主,面源入湖水量占98%,TP占81.4%,TN占85.9%,因此控制面源是保护抚仙湖的关键。提出了防治抚仙湖面源污染的生态治理及工程治理对策。     

高职高专教育的课程改革应该抓住的几个根本问题

本文结合目前我国高职高专教育教学改革的实际,分析论述了课程改革应该抓住的几个根本性问题:对课程概念的理解,对课程内容的理解,对高职高专教育课程开发与改革的理解,并提出了作者对处理好这些问题的初步见解,希望能对高职高专教育的课程改革有所启示。     

Production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor and its application in decolorization of dyestuffs : (Ⅰ) Production of laccase by batch and repeated-batch processes

The production of laccase by Coriolus versicolor was studied.The effect of cultivation on laccase production by Coriolus versicolor was examined to obtain optimal medium and cultivation conditions.Both batch and repeated-batch processes were performed for laccase production.In repeated-batch fermentation with self-immobilized mycelia, total of 14 cycles were performed with laccase activity in the range between 3.4 and 14.8U/ml.     

广州市实施二氧化硫排污权交易研究

在排污权交易的理论基础上,借鉴美国二氧化硫排放权交易的政策和方法,设计了一套广州市实施二氧化硫排污权交易的框架,旨在为广州市控制削减二氧化硫排放提供一种基于市场的环境管理手段.     

长治市沙尘天气污染特征及传输路径解析

以2018年3次沙尘天气为研究对象,分析了PM_2.5和PM₁₀浓度、水溶性离子组分、气象条件和气溶胶光学特征,研究了长治市沙尘天气的典型污染特征和传输路径.结果表明：长治市2018年共8d为受沙尘天气影响日,其中4月份最多（5d）,这与春季大气环流调整,冷暖空气活动频繁有关.沙尘污染发生前一般受西方或西北方冷空气影响,大气层结不稳定,大气环流转为经向环流,平均风速达4m/s以上;沙尘污染过程中PM_2.5/PM₁₀均低于0.3,环境空气中粗颗粒物占比较大,水溶性离子总浓度在PM_2.5中占比下降,Ca²⁺浓度为沙尘污染发生前的4倍以上.冬季沙尘为近地面扩散传输,春夏季沙尘为高空沉降传输,影响范围大,区域传输贡献明显.长治市沙尘重要潜在源区为蒙古国、哈萨克斯坦中部和新疆中北部的荒漠地区,传输路径主要为西北路径和正北路径,其中西北路径为哈萨克斯坦—新疆中北部—内蒙古西部—长治以及新疆中北部—内蒙古西部—长治两条路径,正北路径为蒙古国—内蒙古中部—山西北部—长治.     

Distribution and source of microplastics in China's second largest reservoir - Danjiangkou Reservoir

Fresh water microplastic pollution is of pressing concern globally, but its distribution and sources in reservoirs are poorly documented. Danjiangkou Reservoir is the second largest reservoir in China and is divided into the Han Reservoir and Dan Reservoir. In this work, microplastic abundances and morphological characteristics of the reservoir were investigated. The microplastic abundance of 15 main tributaries of the reservoir was also measured. The vertical distribution (in water column and sediment), horizontal distribution (in Han Reservoir and Dan Reservoir) and source of microplastics were analyzed. Microplastics accumulated in the middle layer of the reservoir, and the size and color of the microplastic particles changed from the surface to the bottom, which implies that surveys of surface water are not enough to determine the microplastic contamination for deep water reservoirs. In the surface water, the microplastic abundance in the Han Reservoir was lower than that in the Dan Reservoir (p < 0.05), but microplastic abundance did not differ significantly in the intermediate and bottom water. Tributaries were one of the main sources of microplastics for Han Reservoir but not for Dan Reservoir. Agricultural cultivation in the hydro-fluctuation belt might be an important source of microplastics in the Dan Reservoir, which should be given additional attention. The results of this study can provide valuable information for developing microplastic sampling strategies in deep water reservoirs. Further studies are recommended to investigate the process through which microplastics in the hydro-fluctuation belt enter the reservoir and the sinking behavior of microplastics in the reservoir.     

三峡库区非点源污染氮磷负荷时空变化及其来源解析

三峡库区是我国重要水源保护区,也是长江流域经济迅速发展区域之一.非点源污染是库区水环境恶化的主要原因,因此研究库区非点源污染状况对于区域的生态安全以及可持续发展具有重要意义.研究采用改进输出系数模型,估算库区1990～2015年的非点源氮磷污染负荷总量,分析非点源氮磷污染的时空变化特征,并通过计算各污染源的贡献率确定主...