佘山台地磁场长期变化基本特征

本文根据佘山台1900年～2004年地磁观测资料，对该地区F、H、Z、D地磁各要素长期变基本特征进行了分析总结，对深入研究地球基本磁场的变化有一定意义。     

初温和终温对废轮胎热解产物分布影响

以热重分析和固定床热解实验为基础,研究初温和终温对废轮胎热解产率及气相产物特性影响。实验结果表明:废轮胎的热解过程存在两个主要失重过程,第一失重温度区间为200～500℃,第二失重温度区间为650～800℃;升温速率仅改变了热解的最大失重速率,并未改变废轮胎最终热解失重率。固定床实验表明:初始温度低于100℃时,废轮胎在800℃时热解已基本结束;当终温为800℃,初始温度在100～550℃范围内时,随着初始温度的提高,固、气两相产物产率均提高,而液相产物产率降低;其中气相中H2、CO、CH4的含量高于初始温度小于100℃时的含量;分析认为:可通过调节热解的初始温度调节废轮胎热解在不同热解阶段的时间分配,适当提高热解初始温度有利于提高整个热解过程中的时间利用效率、改变废轮胎热解产物的分布;废轮胎热解气化的最佳温度区间为500～800℃。     

安庆地震台山洞再利用的可行性研究

本文全面总结了安庆台山洞的现状,客观指出安庆台山洞巳经不能满足现实需求,并依据地震监测规范要求,就如何改善和解决观测条件和观测系统等方面存在的问题,以实现山洞的再利用进行了深入研究和探讨,认为安庆台山洞可以通过观测环境的改造、观测系统的升级等措施实现山洞再利用,并能够重新发挥安庆台洞体观测在全省地震监测中的重要作用,同...     

水污染源废水流量比对监测

介绍了中国水污染源排放口建设的基本要求,阐述了排放口各种堰槽构造和选用时应注意的问题,简要叙述了明渠流量计和管道流量计的测量原理,说明了各种流量计的安装要点、使用、雏护注意事项,以及流量比对监测方法和比对监测技术要求,各种流量计运行维护的质量控制和质量保证,并提出相关建议。     

Sediment distribution pattern mapped from the combination of objective analysis and geostatistics in the large shallow Taihu Lake, China

Investigation was made into sediment depth at 723 irregularly scattered measurement points which cover all the regions in Talhu Lake, China. The combination of successive correction scheme and geostatistical method was used to get all the values of recent sediment thickness at the 69 x 69 grids in the whole lake. The results showed that there is the significant difference in sediment depth between the eastern area and the western region, and most of the sediments are located in the western shore-line and northern regimes but just a little in the center and eastem parts. The notable exception is the patch between the center and Xishan Island where the maximum sediment depth is more than 4.0 m. This sediment distribution pattem is more than likely related to the current circulation pattern induced by the prevailing wind-forcing in Taihu Lake. The numerical simulation of hydrodynamics can strong support the conclusion.Sediment effects on water quality was also studied and the results showed that the concentrations of TP, TN and SS in the western part are obviously larger than those in the eastem regime, which suggested that more nutrients can be released from thicker sediment areas.     

Research and application of kapok fiber as an absorbing material: A mini review

Kapok fiber corresponds to the seed hairs of the kapok tree (Ceiba pentandra), and is a typical cellulosic fiber with the features of thin cell wall, large lumen, low density and hydrophobic- oleophilic properties. As a type of renewable natural plant fiber, kapok fiber is abundant, biocompatible and biodegradable, and its full exploration and potential application have received increasing attention in both academic and industrial fields. Based on the structure and properties of kapok fiber, this review provides a summary of recent research on kapok fiber including chemical and physical treatments, kapok fiber-based compositematerials, and the application of kapok fiber as an absorbent material for oils, metal ions, dyes, and sound, with special attention to its use as an oil-absorbing material, one predominant application of kapok fiber in the coming future.     

Evidence for coupled iron and nitrate reduction in the surface waters of Jiaozhou Bay

Iron and nitrate (NO₃^?) are dominant physiologically required nutrients for phytoplankton growth, and iron may also play a key role in the marine nitrogen cycle. In this study, we investigated the temporal and spatial distributions of dissolved iron (DFe) and Fe(II) in the surface waters of Jiaozhou Bay (JZB) from April 2 to July 26, 2017. High concentrations of DFe and Fe(II) predominantly occurred in nearshore and estuarine stations and concentrations were generally higher in April and May. The highest DFe concentration was observed along the coast of Hongdao (51.55 nmol/L) in May, while the lowest concentration was observed in the western coastal region (2.88 nmol/L) in April. The highest and lowest Fe(II) concentrations were observed in the Licun estuary (22.42 nmol/L) and outer bay (0.50 nmol/L) in May, respectively. We calculated the proportions of nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium in dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) as well as the ratio of Fe(II) to DFe in all four months. The mean Fe(II)/DFe ratio was 0.48 in April, 0.43 in May, 0.69 in June, and 0.32 in July. The mean ratio of NO₃^? to DIN was 0.78 in April, 0.54 in May, 0.20 in June, and 0.62 in July. NO₃^?/DIN continuously decreased in the first three months, while Fe(II)/DFe remained high, which suggests that the reduction of iron and nitrate occurred simultaneously in the surface waters of JZB.     

甲苯对塿土脲酶活性影响的实验研究

通过脲酶受甲苯作用的研究,结果表明甲苯对洋刀豆脲酶活性的影响极其微弱,但可显著增强土壤的脲酶活性,7个土样的增幅为1.48～3.96倍,且甲苯在较低浓度和较短处理时间内可完成对土壤脲酶的作用,灭菌土壤吸附洋刀豆脲酶后活性变幅小于3.98%,这主要是由于甲苯可能将土壤微生物毒害或致死后,释放胞内脲酶,并将脲酶等固定在土壤有机-无机胶体上所致.同时揭示出国内外学者研究结果差异的原因可能是土壤pH等理化性质及其造成的微生物区系不同.     

苯酚、苯在水／阴离子有机膨润土界面的环境行为研究

研究了苯酚在水／阴离子有机膨润土界面的吸附行为，初步探讨了阴离子有机膨润土对苯酚、苯的吸附性能、机理及影响因素。结果表明，阴离子表面活性剂改性后，膨润土中有机碳含量增加了10～38倍，对苯酚、苯的吸附能力大大提高。水中苯酚、苯在水／阴离子有机膨润土界面的吸附行为主要分配作用所致，其吸附等温线呈线性。     

热防护系统热真空模拟试验技术

介绍了一种能模拟可重复使用运载器热防护系统内、外表面气动热和压力环境的热真空模拟试验装置,该装置不仅能模拟TPS外表面所受气动热和气动压力条件,还能模拟TPS内表面的真空压力环境。其外部环境压力4．0×10^2-2.0×10^5Pa,内部环境压力4．0～1．013×10^5Pa,热面温度可高达1100℃。利用该装置可以对热防护系统的传热性能进行稳态和瞬态测试。简要介绍了该装置的构成及功能,以及用其进行材料和结构的传热性能测试的试验方法。该装置的研制将为我国高超音速飞行器热防护系统的验证提供必要的技术手段。