Inter-annual and intra-annual variations in water quality and its response to water-level fluctuations in a river-connected lake,Dongting Lake,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The hydrological conditions of river-connected lakes are complex primarily owing to their considerable water-level fluctuations (WLFs). Water quality...     

云浮黄铁矿废渣中铊的模拟淋滤试验

本文模拟广东地区酸雨的几种要素,分别对粤西云黄铁硫酸厂两种类型、两种粒径的废渣进行淋滤试验,考察废渣中的铊的释放规律,结果表明：粒径０．５－０．２５ｍｍ的炉底渣和沉灰渣分别在ＰＨ．１１和ＰＨ４．０２的硫酸介质中,铊的释放率最高。铊的释放率,滤出液的ＰＨ值与淋滤介质的ＰＨ值和离子强度密切相关。     

Removal of uranium(VI) from aqueous solutions by manganese oxide coated zeolite: discussion of adsorption isotherms and pH effect

This paper discusses the adsorption properties for uranium(VI) by manganese oxide coated zeolite (MOCZ). The removal of uranium(VI) from aqueous solution by adsorption onto MOCZ in a single-component system with various contact times, pH, competitive ions, temperatures and initial concentrations of uranium(VI) was investigated. The experimental results were fitted to the Langmuir, Freundlich and the three-parameter Redlich-Peterson model isotherms to obtain the characteristic parameters of each model. Both the Langmuir and Redlich-Peterson isotherms were found to best represent the measured adsorption data. According to the evaluation using the Langmuir equation, the maximum adsorption capacity of uranium(VI) ions onto MOCZ was 15.1 mg g(-1) at 293K and pH 4.0. Using the thermodynamic equilibrium constants obtained at different temperatures, various thermodynamic parameters, such as DeltaG(0), DeltaH(0) and DeltaS(0), have been calculated. The thermodynamics of uranium(VI) ion/MOCZ system indicates the spontaneous and endothermic nature of the process. It was noted that an increase in temperature resulted in a higher uranium loading per unit weight of the adsorbent.     

芋脱毒苗的组培快繁及田间试验

以莱阳孤芋为材料，研究了其茎尖分生组织培养脱毒及快繁技术，通过酶联免疫检测和电镜观察证实，经3次茎尖剥离培养所得试管苗已脱去芋花叶病毒，脱毒试管苗在MS ρ(BA)1.0mgL^-1 ρ(NAA)0.2mgL^-1的培养基中培养，月增殖系数为5.6；而培养基MS ρ（NAA)0.05-0.1mgL^-1 ρ(BA)0.15mgL^-1，不仅适于芋试管苗的生根，还有利于分化成苗，田间试验证明，脱毒试管苗定植于网室后，植株生长旺盛，球茎数量多，平均每株29.1个，两年的小区对比试验表明，脱毒种芋在球茎数量和产量上分别比CK增加37.6%-62.6%和20.2%-40.0%。商品芋数增加44.1%-67.6%。表4参1。     

Experimental co-digestion of corn stalk and vermicompost to improve biogas production

Anaerobic co-digestion of corn stalk and vermicompost (VC) as well as mono-digestion of corn stalk were investigated. Batch mono-digestion experiments were performed at 35 ± 1 °C and initial total solid loading (TSL) ranged from 1.2% to 6.0%. Batch co-digestion experiments were performed at 35 ± 1 °C and initial TSL of 6% with VC proportions ranged from 20% to 80% of total solid (TS). For mono-digestion of corn stalk, a maximum methane yield of 217.60 ± 13.87 mL/g TS_added was obtained at initial TSL of 4.8%, and acidification was found at initial TSL of 6.0% with the lowest pH value of 5.10 on day 4. Co-digestion improved the methane yields by 4.42–58.61% via enhancing volatile fatty acids (VFAs) concentration and pH value compared with mono-digestion of corn stalk. The maximum biogas yield of 410.30 ± 11.01 mL/g TS_added and methane yield of 259.35 ± 13.85 mL/g TS_added were obtained for 40% VC addition. Structure analysis by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) showed that the lowest crystallinity of 35.04 of digested corn stalk was obtained from co-digestion with 40% VC, which decreased 29.4% compared to 49.6 obtained from un-treated corn stalk. It is concluded that co-digestion with VC is beneficial for improving biodigestibility and methane yield from corn stalk.     

纯化油田注水系统结垢倾向预测

无机结垢是油田注水过程中遇到的最严重的问题之一。结垢给油田开发带来了较大的经济损失。为了高效开发油田,应对结垢进行科学预测,并提出相应的防垢措施。采用饱和指数法、稳定指数法和溶解度法对纯化油田注水系统的结垢倾向进行的预测结果表明:纯化油田污水易结CaCO3垢,且结垢倾向较严重。     

可计算一般均衡(CGE)模型与环境政策分析

CGE模型是进行环境政策分析的理想工具，实际上CGE模型也是唯一胡可能精确评估环境政策社会成本的分析手段。本文介绍了在环境政策分析中应用CGE模型的基本思路和不同类型；回顾了CGE模型在环境政策分析中的应用领域及国内应用现状；指出今后的环境政策分析中应用的CGE模型应该更多地结合经济体的现实特征，其发展方向则体现在三个方面；在分析环境政策社会成本的同时也考虑这些政策的社会效益、分析环境政策的分配效应、加强区域CGE模型在环境政策分析中的应用。     

TiO2镀膜电极光电催化降解酸性紫红

采用溶胶-凝胶法在钛片上涂覆TiO2薄膜为电极,自行设计组装光电催化反应器,对酸性紫红染料废水进行光电脱色处理,探讨了光电反应的协同性并研究了初始染料浓度、电压、pH和电解质浓度对脱色反应的影响。结果表明,光化学催化和电化学氧化具有协同效应,单一紫外光催化和单一电催化酸性紫红的脱色率分别为44.27%和13.12%,而光电催化(紫外、外加电压10 V)的脱色率达到77.18%。初始浓度较低、电压适中、pH偏碱性时,酸性紫红废水脱色率较高;电解质对脱色反应有促进作用,且浓度越高,酸性紫红脱色率越高。     

EGFU-高效气浮在污水处理中的应用

介绍EGFU高效气浮在含油污水处理中的工作原理，设备的技术关键点及运行情况。运行效果表明，EGFU高效气浮回流比小、节约能耗、处理设施便于现场安装，处理效果好，污染物去除率高。     

溢油应急浮式设备库设计方案

依据溢油应急浮式设备库配置设备的类型及数量,提出了设备库的设计方案;设备库将以趸船为基础,设计了底舱、设备库房、会议室、办公室、休息室和溢油处置辅助设备,设备库房和底舱配置了动力驱动系统、布放设备、溢油卸载、围控、回收、储存、油水分离及移驳过驳等设备,实现了设备库的平台承载、溢油应急处置和辅助三大功能。