褐菖鲇肝HSC70基因的环介导等温扩增技术的建立及在石油污染剂量效应研究中的应用

从褐菖鲉肝脏中克隆了热休克蛋白HSC70基因,利用环介导等温扩增技术(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)建立HSC70基因的定量检测方法.为检测该方法的可行性,将褐菖鲉分别暴露于石油水溶性成分(water-soluble fraction,WSF) 20、60、180 μg·L-11d后,利用real-time PCR及LAMP技术同时测定褐菖鲉肝HSC70 mRNA表达量,两种方法测定结果基本一致,证实LAMP技术可用于褐菖鲉肝HSC70基因的定量.为更细致了解石油WSF影响褐菖鲉肝脏HSC70基因表达的剂量-效应关系,将褐菖鲉分别暴露于25、50、75、100、125、150、175 μg·L-1 WSF中,5d后采样,用LAMP技术定量检测HSC70 mRNA.结果表明,HSC70 mRNA表达量在50 μg· L-1浓度组即被显著诱导,在75μg·L-1浓度下达到最大值,这说明褐菖鲉肝HSC70基因对石油污染较敏感,有潜力作为海洋石油污染的生物标志物.     

Attached cultivation of Scenedesmus sp. LX1 on selected solids and the effect of surface properties on attachment

Attachment of Scenedesmus sp. LX1 was tested on certain materials. A criterion for selection of materials was used to choose seven materials. The amount of S. sp. LX1 attached on polyurethane foam was 51.74 mg/L. Materials’ surface influenced the attachment of microalgae. Hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties also affected the attachment of S. sp. LX1. Attached cultivation systems in the literature do not present a methodology to screen materials for microalgal growth. Hence, a method is needed to find suitable materials for attached cultivation that may enhance attachment of microalgae. In this paper, we have tested seven materials culturing Scenedesmus sp. LX1 (S. sp. LX1) to evaluate the attachment of microalgae on the material surface, its growth in suspension phase and the properties of the materials. Two materials showed attachment of S. sp. LX1, polyurethane foam and loofah sponge, and allowed microalgae to grow both in the surface of the material and suspended phase. Polyurethane foam proved to be a good material for attachment of S. sp. LX1 and the amount of attached microalgae obtained was 51.73 mg/L when adding 100 pieces/L. SEM images showed that the surface and the pore size of the materials affected the attachment of the microalgae, increasing its attachment in scaffold-like materials. Furthermore, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the materials also affected the attachment of microalgae. This research can be used as a methodology to search for the assessment of a material suitable for attachment of microalgae.     

云南大理地区地震中长期前兆现象分析

通过对大理地区多年来地磁场、重力场、地壳形变和地下水等地震前兆因素变化趋势的分析，指出大理地区是云南省未来１０年内发生强震危险性最大的区域之一。     

矿山企业安全管理新体制的建立与实践

结合金川二矿区安全管理新体制的运行实践 ,介绍了二矿区构建新体制的历史背景 ;概括了推行新型运行体制的成功经验 ;回顾了新体制建设的基本做法 ;论述了安全管理新体制的基本框架和运作模式。从二矿区管理体系建设的角度 ,对安全执法体系和守法体系建设进行了探讨 ,并对如何抓好新体制的推行提出了四点启示 ,这些成功的经验、基本做法、建设性思考 ,对做好企业安全管理都具有重要的借鉴和指导意义     

高校宿舍火灾评估体系构建

本文基于灾害系统理论,并结合高校校园人口密度大等实际问题,从火灾孕灾环境、火灾承灾体、火灾致灾因子、火灾灾情四个方面构建出基于高校宿舍的火灾评估体系.最终补充了灾害系统理论,为高校防火工作提供了新的方法,也为其他相关工作拓展了思路.     

基于GIS和AI的地震灾害危险性分析与信息系统

本文介绍了子课题“基于GIS和AI的地震灾害危险性分析与信息系统”的总体研究思路、1994年的进展以及今后的工作安排。在这一年之中,本课题进行了调研,了解了GIS技术的最新进展,总结了当前灾害研究的一些特点;对华北的一部分地区建立了试验性的地震构造信息系统,经过多种空间操作,产生了一系列新的数据集合;在矢量数据与栅格数据转换的基础上,提出了实用的网格单元特征的提取方法;初步研究了GIS与AI的结合途径。     

石化企业现场用火作业的火险隐患及防范措施

分别从可燃气（液）体排放、设备、化验分析、电气设施、消防器材等方面对用火作业过程中的火险隐患进行了分析,提出了用火作业过程中预防火灾发生的具体措施。     

我国电子废弃物的管理现状及发展方向

全球日益严重的电子废弃物污染已直接或间接危害到人类的生存和发展,目前发达国家都已制定了电子废弃物法律法规和管理体系,我国电子废弃物管理起步较晚,在借鉴国外先进经验的同时,更应结合本国国情,提高公众参与意识、建立健全电子废弃物回收处置网络,疏堵结合,逐步完善电子废弃物法律体系和管理制度。     

地质环境约束下三峡库区经济可持续发展研究

三峡库区地质环境呈现地质灾害频发、水体污染严重、易产生崩塌与滑坡体、地方病患者比率较高等特征,通过经济、社会、环境三条路径约束着库区经济可持续发展,对经济子系统的约束主要表现在制约库区经济总体发展、对经济带来波动性影响,对社会子系统的约束主要体现在对人类生命财产安全、基础设施和工程的破坏,对环境子系统中水环境、岩土环境的约束等,应采取增加防治投入、合理开发资源、减少环境污染、加强水土治理等措施来促进库区经济的可持续发展。     

Immobilization of lead in anthropogenic contaminated soils using phosphates with/without oxalic acid

Understanding the effects of oxalic acid (OA) on the immobilization of Pb(II) in contaminated soils by phosphate materials, has considerable benefits for risk assessment and remediation strategies for the soil. A series of phosphate amendments with/without oxalic acid were applied to two anthropogenic contaminated soils. We investigated the immobilization of Pb(II) by KH₂PO₄, phosphate rock (PR), activated phosphate rock (APR) and synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAP) at different phosphate:Pb (P:Pb) molar ratios (0, 0.6, 2.0 and 4.0) in the presence/absence of 50 mmol oxalic acid/kg soil, respectively. The effects of treatments were evaluated using single extraction with deionized water or CaCl₂, Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction and toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) methods. Our results showed that the concentration of water extractable, exchangeable and TCLP-Pb all decreased with incubation time. The concentration of water-extractable Pb after 120 days was reduced by 100% when soils were amended with APR, HAP and HAP + OA, and the TCLP-Pb was < 5 mg/L for the red soil at P:Pb molar ratio 4.0.Water-soluble Pb could not be detected and the TCLP-Pb was < 5 mg/L at all treatments applied to the yellow-brown soil. BCR results indicated that APRwasmost effective, although a slight enhancement of water-soluble phosphate was detected at the P:Pbmolar ratio 4.0 at the beginning of incubation. Oxalic acid activated phosphates, and so mixing insoluble phosphates with oxalic acid may be a useful strategy to improve their effectiveness in reducing Pb bioavailability.