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241.
Pharmaceutical wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs) are thought to be a "seedbed" and reservoirs for multi-antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria which can be transmitted to the air environment through aeration. We quantified airborne multi-antibiotic resistance in a full-scale plant to treat antibiotics-producing wastewater by collecting bioaerosol samples from December2014 to July 2015. Gram-negative opportunistic pathogenic bacteria(GNOPB) were isolated, and antibiotic susceptibility tests against 18 commonly used antibiotics, including 11 β-lactam antibiotics, 3 aminoglycosides, 2 fluoroquinolones, 1 furan and 1 sulfonamide, were conducted.More than 45% of airborne bacteria isolated from the pharmaceutical WWTP were resistant to three or more antibiotics, and some opportunistic pathogenic strains were resistant to 16 antibiotics, whereas 45.3% and 50.3% of the strains isolated from residential community and municipal WWTP showed resistance to three or more antibiotics. The calculation of the multiple antibiotic resistance(MAR) index demonstrated that the air environment in the pharmaceutical WWTP was highly impacted by antibiotic resistance, while the residential community and municipal WWTP was less impacted by antibiotic resistance. In addition, we determined that the dominant genera of opportunistic pathogenic bacteria isolated from all bioaerosol samples were Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Escherichia, Klebsiella, Pantoea, Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas. Collectively, these results indicate the proliferations and spread of antibiotic resistance through bioaerosols in WWTP treating cephalosporin-producing wastewater, which imposed a potential health risk for the staff and residents in the neighborhood, calling for administrative measures to minimize the air-transmission hazard. 相似文献
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为调查研究牡丹江市一些重点功能区的土壤重金属污染状况,在东宁县、林口县、绥芬河市、海林市、宁安市、穆棱市6个县(市)典型的耕地、林地、草地选择采集了60个土壤样本。以《土壤环境质量标准》GB15168-1995为评价标准,对牡丹江市土壤重金属As、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Se、V、Zn的污染状况作了初步评价。研究发现,牡丹江地区各县市主要以Cd、Mn、Ni、V为主,并针对污染状况提出了防治对策及措施。 相似文献
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"十一五"期间,牡丹江市土地没有退化,森里和草原资源丰富。牡丹江干流水生态环境良好,水生生物优势种明显。牡丹江市辖区河段果树场-牛场村,生物多样性高,水土保持较好。牛场村-温春镇兴隆河段,水生生物多样性已呈减少趋势,陆生生物多样性一般,土壤侵蚀中等。牡丹江市区河段,水生生物多样性差,陆生生物很少,水土流失现象严重。结合牡丹江流域生态环境特点,提出适宜的生态保护对策。 相似文献
245.
Effects of mixture ratio on anaerobic co-digestion with fruit and vegetable
waste and food waste of China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jia Lin Jiane Zuo Lili Gan Peng Li Fenglin Liu Kaijun Wang Lei Chen Hainan Gan 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(8):1403-1408
The biochemical methane potentials for typical fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) and food waste (FW) from a northern China city
were investigated, which were 0.30, 0.56 m3 CH4/kgVS (volatile solids) with biodegradabilities of 59.3% and 83.6%, respectively.
Individual anaerobic digestion testes of FVW and FW were conducted at the organic loading rate (OLR) of 3 kg VS/(m3 day) using a
lab-scale continuous stirred-tank reactor at 35°C. FVW could be digested stably with the biogas production rate of 2.17 m3/(m3 day) and
methane production yield of 0.42 m3 CH4/kg VS. However, anaerobic digestion process for FW was failed due to acids accumulation.
The effects of FVW: FW ratio on co-digestion stability and performance were further investigated at the same OLR. At FVW and FW
mixing ratios of 2:1 and 1:1, the performance and operation of the digester were maintained stable, with no accumulation of volatile
fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia. Changing the feed to a higher FW content in a ratio of FVW to FW 1:2, resulted in an increase in VFAs
concentration to 1100–1200 mg/L, and the methanogenesis was slightly inhibited. At the optimum mixture ratio 1:1 for co-digestion
of FVW with FW, the methane production yield was 0.49 m3 CH4/kg VS, and the volatile solids and soluble chemical oxygen demand
(sCOD) removal efficiencies were 74.9% and 96.1%, respectively. 相似文献
246.
Zeolite (Na) modified by self-synthesized nano-Fe particles was used as infiltration media to adsorb phosphate in rainwater runoff. The adsorption capacities increased up to 75 times that of natural zeolite at a saturated equilibrium phosphate concentration of 0.42 mg/L. The correlation of capacity and material-specific surface area indicated that specific surface area was not the key factor contributing to the capacity improvement. SEM and XRD analysis showed that chemical reaction between Fe and P to form new products like cacoxenite is the main reason for the increased capacity, and that the method of adding metal ions or particles to improve the adsorption capacity for phosphate is feasible. 相似文献
247.
油管清洗安全环保技术 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
分析了传统油管清洗工艺存在的安全环保隐患;介绍了中频高压清洗油管工艺流程及采用中频高压清洗油管工艺后的效果。 相似文献
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Mingxia ZHENG Zhong YAN Jiane ZUO Kaijun WANG 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2014,8(5):797-804
Bed expansion serves an important function in the design and operation of an upflow anaerobic reactor. An analysis of the flow pattern of expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors shows that most EGSB reactors do not behave as expanded bed reactors, as is widely perceived. Rather, these reactors behave as fluidized bed reactors based on the classic chemical reactor theory. In this paper, four bed expansion modes, divided as static bed, expanded bed, suspended bed, and fluidized bed, for bioreactors are proposed. A high-rate anaerobic suspended granular sludge bed (SGSB) reactor was then developed. The SGSB reactor is an upflow anaerobic reactor, and its expansion degree can be easily controlled within a range to maintain the suspended status of the sludge bed by controlling upfiow velocity. The results of the full-scale reactor confirmed that the use of SGSB reactors is advantageous. The full-scale SGSB reactor runs stably and achieves high COD removal efficiency (about 90%) at high loading rates (average 40 kg-COD·m^-3·d^-1, maximum to 52 kg·COD·m^-3 ·d^-1) based on the SGSB theory, and its expansion degree is between 22% and 37%. 相似文献