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331.
332.
Heavy metal concentrations in edible bivalves and gastropods available in major markets of the Pearl River Delta 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
IntroductionItisincreasinglydifficulttoconsidermarinepollutioninHongKongwithoutreferencetoGuangdongProvinceortheentirePearlRiverDelta.ThePearlRiverDeltaisnotonlyageomorphicalunitbutalsoageographicalunitandthescopeofthePearlRiverDeltashouldincludemajo… 相似文献
333.
334.
太湖表层沉积物中多磷酸盐检出的环境意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在氮限制型富营养化湖泊中,沉积多磷酸盐(Poly-P)可以用来示踪营养盐磷的输入和湖泊的富营养化过程。太湖是一个典型的磷限制型富营养化湖泊,通过对太湖表层沉积物中总有机碳(TOC)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、氢氧化钠可提取磷(NaOH-P)以及Poly-P的提取分析,初步探讨了太湖营养盐磷输入的历史记录,并揭示了该湖Poly-P的主要来源和保存机制。太湖Poly-P的质量浓度较低,变化范围为0.004~0.065mg·g-1。NaOH-P占TP组成的22%,是太湖沉积物总磷的主要组成部分之一。结果显示,在湖泊水体藻类生物量较大和NaOH-P是沉积物TP重要组成部分的磷限制型湖泊中,Poly-P也是沉积物磷汇组成的一个重要部分,同时还是一个可以反映由人为磷输入增大导致湖泊富营养化程度加剧的敏感指标。 相似文献
335.
Malan Yi Yao Fang Guoping Hu Shufeng Liu Jinren Ni Tang Liu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(6):79
336.
Photochemical degradation of six polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners under ultraviolet irradiation in hexane 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
The photodegradation of six individual PBDE congeners (BDE-28, 47, 99, 100, 153, 183) in hexane was investigated under UV light in the sunlight region, employing a mercury lamp filtered with Pyrex glass. All photodegradation reactions followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics, with the half-lives ranging from 0.26h for BDE-183 to 6.46h for BDE-100. The photochemical reaction rates of PBDEs decreased with decreasing number of bromine substituents in the molecule, also in some cases were influenced by the PBDE substitution pattern. Principal photoproducts detected were less brominated PBDEs, and no PBDE-solvent adducts were found. Consecutive reductive debromination was confirmed as the main mechanism for the photodegradation of PBDEs in hexane. In general, debromination firstly occurred on the more substituted rings, when the numbers of bromine atoms on the two phenyl rings were unequal. For less brominated PBDEs, the photoreactivity of bromines at various positions of phenyl rings decreased in the order: ortho>para; while for higher brominated PBDEs, the difference became not significant. 相似文献
337.
Concentrations of chlorobenzenes, hexachlorobutadiene and heavy metals in surficial sediments of Kaohsiung coast, Taiwan 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
This work analyzes surface sediment samples collected from 40 stations along the Kaohsiung coast in southern Taiwan for chlorobenzenes (CBs), hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) and heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Fe, Mn and Cr). The highest CBs concentrations are recorded in station T7-15 (about 10 km west off the outlet of Da-lin-pu ocean outfall pipe), with total di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexa-chlorobenzenes concentrations of 290.5, 117.1, 64.5, 15.7 and 22.3 ng/g, respectively. The major pollution source of HCBD is most likely located in the Tso-yin ocean outfall field; while the Dah-lin-pu ocean outfall field and Kao-ping Chi estuary, located in the southern portion of Kaohsiung coast, are the major contributors of hexachlorobenzene. The concentration of CBs congeners correlate fairly well with each other, as do metals. However, concentrations of organics (CBs and HCBD) did not correlate with metals. This finding implies that the pollution characteristics of organics and heavy metals in this highly utilized coastal zone markedly differ from each other. 相似文献
338.
采用平衡吸附法,以我国12种不同类型的土壤为介质,对丁草胺在土-水界面的吸附动力学进行了研究.结果表明,土壤对丁草胺的吸附在24h内可基本达到表观平衡,但有机碳(TOC)含量低(<5g/kg)的土壤需较长时间(60h);丁草胺平衡吸附量与TOC和无定型氧化铁含量呈正相关,其相关系数分别为0.889,0.692;丁草胺在土壤中的吸附过程受复杂的多反应机制控制,可分为快速和慢速吸附阶段,在这一过程中,TOC控制着丁草胺的吸附速率.黏粒和CEC也有一定程度的影响,这3个因素可以解释77.8%吸附速率的变化.结合运用Elovich方程和双常数方程,可以较好地描述土壤对丁草胺的吸附动力学过程. 相似文献
339.
Hua Fang Wei Zhou Zhengya Cao Feifan Tang Dandan Wang Kailin Liu Xiangwei Wu Xiao''e Yang Yongge Sun Yunlong Yu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2012,24(6):1036-1046
Combined pollution of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (4-chlorophenyl) ethane (DDT) and cadmium (Cd) in agricultural soils is of great concern because they present serious risk to food security and human health.In order to develop a cost-effective and safe method for the removal of DDTs and Cd in soil,combined remediation of DDTs and Cd in soil by Sphingobacterium sp.D-6 and the hyperaccumulator,Sedum alfredii Hance was investigated.After treatment for 210 days,the degradation half-lives of DDTs in soils treated by strain D-6 decreased by 8.1% to 68.0% compared with those in the controls.The inoculation of strain D-6 into soil decreased the uptake of DDTs by pak choi and S.alfredii.The shoots/roots ratios of S.alfredii for the Cd accumulation ranged from 12.32 to 21.75.The Cd concentration in soil decreased to 65.8%-71.8% for S.alfredii treatment and 14.1%-58.2% for S.alfredii and strain D-6 combined treatment,respectively,compared with that in the control.The population size of the DDTs-degrading strain,Simpson index (1/D) and soil respiratory rate decreased in the early stage of treatment and then gradually increased,ultimately recovering to or exceeding the initial level.The results indicated that synchronous incorporation of strain D-6 and S.alfredii into soil was found to significantly (p 0.05) enhance the degradation of DDTs in soil and the hyperaccumulation of Cd in S.alfredii.It was concluded that strain D-6 and S.alfredii could be used successfully to control DDTs and Cd in contaminated soil. 相似文献
340.
Chlorobenzenes and organochlorinated pesticides in vegetable soils from an industrial site, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Organochlorinated compounds are ubiquitous contaminants in the environment, especially in industrial sites. The objective of the work was to investigate whether a vegetable field near an industrial site is safe for vegetable production. The residues of chlorobenzenes (CBs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) in a vegetable field which was near a chemical plant in China were characterized. Point estimate quotient was used for ecological risk assessment of the investigated site. The results showed that all CBs except monochlorobenzene (MCB) were detected in soils. The total concentrations of ∑CBs ranged from 71.06 to 716.57 ng/g, with a mean concentration of 434.93 ng/g. The main components of CBs in soil samples were dichlorobenzenes (DCBs), trichlorobenzenes (TCBs) and tetrachlorobenzenes (TeCBs), while for single congeners, 1,2,4-TCB had the highest concentration, which ranged from 13.21 to 210.35 ng/g with a mean concentration of 111.89 ng/g. Residues of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) in soil samples ranged from 0.9 to 11.79 ng/g, significantly lower than ∑DCB, ∑TCB and ∑TeCB. Concentrations of ∑HCHs and ∑DDTs in soils ranged from 11.32 to 55.24 ng/g and from 195.63 to 465.58 ng/g, respectively, of which the main components were αup-HCH and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE). Ecological risk assessment for the investigated site showed that the most potential risks were from TCBs and TeCBs, based on the hazard quotients. The higher residues of CBs and DDTs compared to the target values and the higher than 1 hazard quotients indicated that this area is not safe for vegetable production and thus soil remediation is needed. 相似文献