扬州多次发生地震谣言的原因分析

本文通过对扬州近年来几次地震谣言产生原因的分析,认为与扬州的历史、地形条件、人文特点和社会因素等有关,必须针对谣言产生的原因采取对策,才能使谣言迅速平息。     

津市市建立环境保护专项贷款基金

湖南省津市市城乡建设环境保护局,认真总结近几年排污费管理与使用的经验教训,从实际情况出发进行改革,集中暂不返回的部分资金,实行贷款制,搞重点污染治理,充分发     

绿色植物对大气中二氧化碳的净化作用

地球大气中的二氧化碳含量本来是稳定的,但随着工业的发展,各种燃料的燃烧放出大量二氧化碳;同时人口的迅速增加,因呼吸释放的二氧化碳也有所增加。这样,就使大气中二氧化碳的含量有逐年增加的趋势。     

Sleepiness among night-time drivers: relationship to blood alcohol concentration and other factors

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to explore the distribution and correlates of subjective sleepiness among the general night-time driving population. METHODS: The survey took place in three British Columbia communities in June 2003 between 21:00 hours to 03:00 hours. Sites and vehicles were selected randomly. Surveyors obtained information on several demographic and situational variables including self-assessed degree of sleepiness and self-reported hours asleep and awake, as well as an objective measure of blood alcohol concentration obtained from a hand-held breath-testing device. RESULTS: The total compliance rate among intercepted drivers was 85%. Among the 2335 drivers responding to the questionnaire, 68.4% indicated that they were wide awake, 27.6% were somewhat sleepy, and 4.1% were very sleepy. Logistic regression quantified the independent contributions of the various factors to subjective sleepiness. Male drivers with positive blood alcohol concentrations under 50 mg% were more likely to report feeling sleepy than those with either higher or with zero blood alcohol concentration. Greater relative risk of sleepiness was also associated with being female, being under age 55, and advanced hour of night. Driving with passengers of the same gender was associated with lower reported sleepiness. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial proportion of night-time drivers are driving while sleepy, especially at late night and early morning hours. The combination of alcohol and sleepiness compounds impairment in experimental studies and deserves greater attention in crash risk studies and as a topic for public education and awareness.     

三峡库区虫媒和自然疫源性疾病分析

为了解三峡库区人群近7年来主要虫媒和自然疫源性疾病的发病水平和流行趋势,在选出的15个三峡库区人群健康监测点,按照《三峡库区疾病监测方案》,每月收集传染病发病资料及鼠、蚊类等媒介生物监测资料。结合全国传染病疫情报告系统的有关发病资料,分别进行不同年份、不同地区和不同季节发病趋势的比较和影响因素分析。连续7年的监测结果显示,甲类传染病鼠疫未发生,流行性出血热、钩端螺旋体病、流行性乙型脑炎、疟疾等以病媒生物传播为主要传播途径的虫媒和自然疫源性疾病累计报告病例157例,其总体发病呈下降趋势。疟疾、出血热发病水平明显低于全国,而钩体病和乙脑发病水平则高于全国,除疟疾外的其余3种疾病均伴有小的发病高峰出现,但仍以散发为主。表明这些与环境变化关系较为密切的虫媒和自然疫源性疾病的发生,随着工程施工、移民新址建设和移民搬迁并未发生明显变化。但由于环境因素影响的长期性、复杂性,仍需长期连续地开展监测,密切关注发病趋势的变化。     

停止污灌10年后上海川沙污水灌区老明渠两侧污染状况调查

本文调查了上海川沙县污水灌区停止污水灌溉10年后污水总明渠两侧土壤、稻米、水井及污泥中若干重金属污染物的含量。调查表明,停止污灌10年后,总明渠两侧土壤金属污染仍然严重,米中镉含量较1976年有所降低,污水明渠对其两侧水井影响不大。讨论了老明渠治理对策。     

交联壳聚糖冠醚的合成及其对金属离子的吸附性能

本文合成了交联壳聚糖苯并－１５－冠－５醚和交联壳聚糖苯并－１８－冠－６醚,研究了它们对Ａｇ（Ⅰ）Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）,Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）,Ｃｄ（Ⅱ）,Ｃｒ（Ⅲ）等金属离子的吸附性能和选择性,实验结果表明：无论是在单一金属离子体系还是在二元或三元金属离子体系中,ＣＣＴＳ－ＢＸ和ＣＣＴＳ－ＢＹ对Ａｇ（Ⅰ）和Ｐｄ（Ⅱ）者有较高的吸附选择性。     

气相色谱法估算多环芳烃的辛醇/水分配系数

通过对2－6环多环芳烃（PAHs)气相色谱保留时间（RGC）与HPLC保留值及与辛醇／水分配系数（KOW）对应关系的研究，发现RGC与HPLC保留值主KOW间存在明显的线性相关关系，建立了RGC与KOW间的一元回归方程，并对包括EPA16种优先控制的PAHs在内的33种多环芳烃化合物的KOW值进行估算，估算值的相对误差为0．10％－12．10％，平均值为4．51％。     

展望2000年的湖北环境——湖北省环境科学学会在武昌召开环境质量学术研讨会

<正> 六月二十九日-七月二日,湖北省环境科学学会环境监测及环境质量评价专业委员会在武昌召开环境质量学术研究讨论会。出席会议的有全省环保战线各系统五十余名代表,省环保局和省环境学会的领导同志亲临大会指导。会议交流了学术论文,研究报告33篇。内容包括环境影响评价、水资源环境容量,质量评价指数的研究与应用,区域环境水质及大气噪声污染的调查与评价,湖泊富营养化及环境监测分析方法等方面的研究成果和报告等等。     

Comparison of particulate mass, chemical species for urban, suburban and rural areas in central Taiwan, Taichung

Aerosol samples for PM2.5, PM(2.5-10) and TSP were collected from June to September 1998 and from February to March 1999 in central Taiwan. Ion chromatography was used to analyze the acidic anions: sulfate, nitrate and chloride in the Universal samples. The ratios of fine particle concentrations to coarse particle concentrations displayed that the fine particle concentrations are almost greater than that of coarse particle concentrations in Taichung area. The average concentrations of PM2.5, PM(2.5-10) and TSP in urban sites are higher than in suburban and rural sites at both daytime and night-time. Chloride dominated in the coarse mode in daytime and in fine mode in night-time. Nitrate can be found in both the coarse and fine modes. Sulfate dominated in fine mode in both daytime and night-time.