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排序方式: 共有338条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
331.
Abstract This paper presents an evaluation framework that aims to improve the outcomes of triple bottom line (TBL) reporting. Currently, most assessments of TBL reporting focus on report content. Our view is that effective evaluation of TBL reporting should go beyond reports as the outputs of a process and focus on what is being learned through the process, the capacity- and relationship-building that might eventuate, and how this impacts on the development of sustainability. To enable more effective reflection of TBL reporting processes, we developed a set of evaluation criteria focused on the process of reporting. These criteria were identified from case studies of social, environmental and/or sustainability reporting processes documented in the literature. A large number of potential criteria were synthesised into three desired outcomes of TBL reporting and 10 prompts for discussion and reflection during evaluation. This evaluation framework should assist those dedicated to challenging assumptions that inhibit progress towards a sustainable future for society. 相似文献
332.
Despite rapid growth in river restoration, few projects receive the necessary evaluation and reporting to determine their
success or failure and to learn from experience. As part of the National River Restoration Science Synthesis, we interviewed
39 project contacts from a database of 1,345 restoration projects in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Ohio to (1) verify project information;
(2) gather data on project design, implementation, and coordination; (3) assess the extent of monitoring; and (4) evaluate
success and the factors that may influence it. Projects were selected randomly within the four most common project goals from
a national database: in-stream habitat improvement, channel reconfiguration, riparian management, and water-quality improvement.
Roughly half of the projects were implemented as part of a watershed management plan and had some advisory group. Monitoring
occurred in 79% of projects but often was minimal and seldom documented biological improvements. Baseline data for evaluation
often relied on previous data obtained under regional monitoring programs using state protocols. Although 89% of project contacts
reported success, only 11% of the projects were considered successful because of the response of a specific ecological indicator,
and monitoring data were underused in project assessment. Estimates of ecological success, using three criteria from Palmer and others (2005), indicated that half or fewer of the projects were ecologically successful, markedly below the success level that project
contacts self-reported, and sent a strong signal of the need for well-designed evaluation programs that can document ecological
success. 相似文献
333.
334.
During the past 10 years almost 1,500 people have been killed in motor vehicle collisions with animals. Police reports on 147 fatal vehicle-animal crashes during 2000-2002 were obtained from nine states. The goal was to determine common crash types, types of animals involved, and steps that could be taken to reduce the crashes and injuries. Seventy-seven percent of the struck animals were deer, but six other types of animals were involved including small ones such as dogs. Eighty percent of the crashes were single-vehicle events. In most of these cases a motorcycle struck an animal and the rider came off the vehicle, or a passenger vehicle struck an animal and then ran off the road; in a few cases the animal went through the windshield. Multiple-vehicle crashes included vehicles striking deer that went through the windshields of oncoming vehicles, vehicles striking animals and then colliding with other vehicles, and vehicles striking animals that subsequently were struck by other vehicles. Crashes occurred primarily in rural areas, on roads with 55 mph or higher speed limits, during evening or nighttime hours, and in darkness. Greater application of deer-vehicle collision countermeasures known to be effective is needed, but it is noteworthy that a majority of fatalities occurred from subsequent collisions with other vehicles or objects, not from animal contacts. Sixty-five percent of motorcyclists killed were not wearing helmets, and 60% of vehicle occupants killed were unbelted; many of these fatalities would not have occurred with proper protection. 相似文献
335.
Vijaya Gagrani John A. Diemer Jarrod J. Karl Craig J. Allan 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2014,50(1):128-142
The hydrologic and water quality benefits of an existing engineered stormwater control measures (SCMs) network, along with the alternative stormwater control simulations, were assessed in the rapidly urbanizing Beaverdam Creek watershed located in SE U.S. Piedmont region through the use of distributed Model of Urban Stormwater Improvement Conceptualization stormwater model. When compared with predevelopment conditions, the postdevelopment watershed simulation without SCMs indicated a 2 times increase in total runoff volume, 3 times average increase in peak flow for 1.5‐3.2 cm 6‐h storm events, and 30 times, 12 times, and 3 times higher total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorous (TP), and total nitrogen (TN) loadings, respectively. The existing SCMs network, in comparison with the postdeveloped watershed without SCMs, reduced the average peak flow rates for 1.5‐3.2 cm 6‐h storm events by 70%, lowered the annual runoff volume by 3%, and lowered TSS, TP, TN annual loads by 57, 51, and 10%, respectively. A backyard rain garden simulation resulted in minimal additional reduction in TSS (1.6%), TP (0.4%), and TN (4%). Model simulations indicate that mandatory 85% TSS and 70% TP annual load reductions in comparison with the predevelopment levels would require the diversion of runoff from at least 70% of the contributing drainage areas runoff into additional offline bioretention basins. 相似文献
336.
Empowering leadership: A meta‐analytic examination of incremental contribution,mediation, and moderation
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The concept of empowering leadership (EL) has seen increasing scholarly interest in recent years. This study reports a meta‐analysis investigating the effects of EL on employee work behavior. On the basis of data from 105 samples, we found evidence for the positive effects of EL on performance, organizational citizenship behavior, and creativity at both the individual and team levels. We further examined these relationships by exploring potential boundary conditions and the incremental contribution of EL over transformational leadership and leader–member exchange. Furthermore, at the individual level, both trust in leader and psychological empowerment mediated the relationships of EL with task performance, organizational citizenship behavior, and creativity. We also found evidence that leader–member exchange was a significant mediator between EL and task performance. At the team level, empowerment mediated the effects of EL on team performance, whereas knowledge sharing showed no significant indirect effect. Our results have important theoretical and practical implications and suggest some areas that require further research. 相似文献
337.
Hadarits Monica Pittman Jeremy Corkal Darrell Hill Harvey Bruce Kristin Howard Allan 《Regional Environmental Change》2017,17(5):1515-1525
Regional Environmental Change - We develop and apply a synthetic framework for understanding potential adaptations to climate change in the Canadian agriculture sector through a case study of... 相似文献
338.
Davis Lodinikki Lemoy Aragão Walessa Alana Bragança de Oliveira Lopes Géssica Eiró Luciana Guimaraes Freire Alexandre Rodrigues Prado Felippe Bevilacqua Rossi Ana Cláudia da Silva Cruz Allan das Graças Fernandes Dantas Kelly Albuquerque Alan Rodrigo Leal Paz Simone Patricia Aranha Angélica Rômulo Simões Lima Rafael Rodrigues 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(10):13930-13940
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - There are a few data relating to the effects of lead (Pb) exposure on the alveolar bone, which has very distinct morphophysiological characteristics... 相似文献