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881.
Milačič R Zuliani T Oblak T Mladenovič A Ančar JŠ 《Journal of environmental quality》2011,40(4):1153-1161
Electric arc furnace (EAF) steel slag can be used as an alternative high-quality material in road construction. Although asphalts with slag aggregates have been recognized as environmentally acceptable, there is a lack of data concerning the potential leaching of toxic Cr(VI) due to the highly alkaline media of EAF slag. Leaching of selected water extractable metals from slag indicated elevated concentrations of total chromium and Cr(VI). To estimate the environmental impacts of asphalt mixes with slag, leachability tests based on diffusion were performed using pure water and salt water as leaching agents. Compact and ground asphalt composites with natural aggregates, and asphalt composites in which the natural aggregates were completely replaced by slag were prepared. The concentrations of total chromium and Cr(VI) were determined in leachates over a time period of 6 mo. After 1 and 6 mo, the concentrations of some other metals were also determined in the leachates. The results indicated that chromium in leachates from asphalt composites with the addition of slag was present almost solely in its hexavalent form. However, the concentrations were very low (below 25 μg L) and did not represent an environmental burden. The leaching of other metals from asphalt composites with the addition of slag was negligible. Therefore, the investigated EAF slag can be considered as environmentally safe substitute for natural aggregates in asphalt mixes. 相似文献
882.
de Paula FR Ferraz SF Gerhard P Vettorazzi CA Ferreira A 《Environmental management》2011,48(4):750-763
Riparian forests are important for the structure and functioning of stream ecosystems, providing structural components such
as large woody debris (LWD). Changes in these forests will cause modifications in the LWD input to streams, affecting their
structure. In order to assess the influence of riparian forests changes in LWD supply, 15 catchments (third and fourth order)
with riparian forests at different conservation levels were selected for sampling. In each catchment we quantified the abundance,
volume and diameter of LWD in stream channels; the number, area and volume of pools formed by LWD and basal area and tree
diameter of riparian forest. We found that riparian forests were at a secondary successional stage with predominantly young
trees (diameter at breast height <10 cm) in all studied streams. Results showed that basal area and diameter of riparian forest
differed between the stream groups (forested and non-forested), but tree density did not differ between groups. Differences
were also observed in LWD abundance, volume, frequency of LWD pools with subunits and area and volume of LWD pools. LWD diameter,
LWD that form pools diameter and frequency of LWD pools without subunits did not differ between stream groups. Regression
analyses showed that LWD abundance and volume, and frequency of LWD pools (with and without subunits) were positively related
with the proportion of riparian forest. LWD diameter was not correlated to riparian tree diameter. The frequency of LWD pools
was correlated to the abundance and volume of LWD, but characteristics of these pools (area and volume) were not correlated
to the diameter of LWD that formed the pools. These results show that alterations in riparian forest cause modifications in
the LWD abundance and volume in the stream channel, affecting mainly the structural complexity of these ecosystems (reduction
in the number and structural characteristics of LWD pools). Our results also demonstrate that riparian forest conservation
actions must consider not only its extension, but also successional stage to guarantee the quantity and quality of LWD necessary
to enable the structuring of stream channels. 相似文献
883.
Francisco J. Abascal Manuel Quintans Ana Ramos-Cartelle Jaime Mejuto 《Marine Biology》2011,158(5):1175-1184
Nine individuals of shortfin mako, Isurus oxyrinchus, were tracked in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, off northern Chile, by means of pop-up satellite archival tags. No common
pattern was observed in their trajectories, apart from a movement onshore of all the fish tracked during June–August. The
average estimated rate of movement was of c. 27 km day−1. Data were collected and processed for a total of 341 days, including 33 days for one recaptured fish specimen, allowing
high-resolution archived data to be downloaded. The fish spent most of their time in the mixed layer but undertook dives down
to 888 m. Ambient temperatures ranged between 4.6 and 24.1°C, and the sea surface temperatures recorded ranged from 13.4 to
24.1°C during the study period. No clear diel pattern in depth behavior was observed, but mean vertical distribution was deeper
during the daytime. Moreover, a foraging pattern, consisting of rapid descents below the thermocline followed by slower ascents,
was generally observed during daylight hours. Dissolved oxygen concentration and water temperature seem to be the main factors
affecting the vertical range of the species in the area. This is the first study on electronic tagging of the shortfin mako
in the southeastern Pacific Ocean and covers the longest total tracking period reported so far for this species. 相似文献
884.
Sofía Copello Ana I. Dogliotti Domingo A. Gagliardini Flavio Quintana 《Marine Biology》2011,158(6):1247-1257
The study of how and why marine animals distribute themselves at sea has important conservation and management implications
of the species and their habitats. We characterize the oceanographic and biological landscapes of the marine areas used by
breeding Southern Giant Petrels (Macronectes giganteus) at Patagonian colonies and explore inter-sexual and inter-colony differences. The at-sea movements of 16 adults (7 males
and 9 females) were studied by means of satellite telemetry techniques during 1999, 2000, 2002, and 2004 breeding seasons.
Southern Giant Petrels utilized an oceanographic scenario characterized by high productivity, warm sea surface temperature,
and shallow waters. The biological landscape was characterized by a high availability of squid and carrion nearby colonies.
Females spent more time in the shelf break and exploited deeper waters than males. In contrast, males spent more time in coastal
areas and they showed a higher spatial overlap with areas of high squid density than females. Such a prosperous foraging scenario
for both sexes may play a key role in the growth of the breeding population of Southern Giant Petrel Patagonian colonies. 相似文献
885.
Ana Espínola-Arredondo Félix Muñoz-García 《Journal of Environmental Economics and Management》2011,62(3):402-413
This paper analyzes the protection of a common pool resource (CPR) through the management of information. Specifically, we examine an entry deterrence model between an incumbent perfectly informed about the initial stock of a CPR and an uninformed potential entrant. In our model, the appropriation of the CPR by the incumbent reduces both players' future profits from exploiting the resource. In the case of complete information, we show that the incumbent operating in a high-stock common pool overexploits the CPR during the first period since it does not internalize the negative external effect that its first-period exploitation imposes on the entrant's future profits. This inefficiency, however, is absent when the commons totally regenerate across periods. Under incomplete information, we identify an additional form of inefficiency. In particular, the incumbent operating in a low-stock CPR underexploits the resource in order to signal the low available stock to potential entrants, deterring entry. 相似文献
886.
Remote sensing has been used from the 1980s to study inland water quality. However, it was not until the beginning of the twenty-first century that CHRIS (an experimental multi-angle sensor with good spectral and spatial resolutions) and MERIS (with good temporal and spectral resolutions) started to acquire imagery with very good resolutions, which allowed to develop a reliable imagery acquisition system so as to consider remote sensing as an inland water management tool. This paper presents the methodology developed, from the field data acquisition with which to build a freshwater spectral library and the study of different atmospheric correction systems for CHRIS mode 2 and MERIS images, to the development of algorithms to determine chlorophyll-a and phycocyanin concentrations and bloom sites. All these algorithms allow determining water eutrophic and ecological states, apart from generating surveillance maps of toxic cyanobacteria with the main objective of Assessment of the Water Quality as it was used for Monitoring Ecological Water Quality in smallest Mediterranean Reservoirs integrated in the Intercalibration Exercise of European Union Water Framework Directive (WFD). We keep on using it to monitor the Ecological Quality Ratio (EQR) in Spain inland water. 相似文献
887.
Paíga Paula Sousa Sara Vera José Bitencourt Luciana Vieira Joana Jorge Sandra Silva Jaime Gabriel Correia Manuela Domingues Valentina F. Delerue-Matos Cristina 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(47):66787-66803
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Three sampling campaigns were performed in the Lis River (Leiria, Portugal) in February of 2018, November of 2018, and May of 2019. River water and... 相似文献
888.
Maaloul Najeh Oulego Paula Rendueles Manuel Ghorbal Achraf Díaz Mario 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(34):46523-46539
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The current study is focused on the simple synthesis of two novel biosorbent beads: BASB/STMP and CNFB/STMP, derived respectively from bleached almond... 相似文献
889.
Gálvez-Iriqui Alma Carolina García-Romo Joel Said Cortez-Rocha Mario Onofre Burgos-Hernández Armando Burboa-Zazueta María Guadalupe Luque-Alcaraz Ana Guadalupe Calderón-Santoyo Montserrat Argüelles-Monal Waldo Manuel Plascencia-Jatomea Maribel 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(3):3051-3065
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Chitosan (CS) nanosystems have potential applications for the control of microorganisms in the medical, environmental, and agrifood fields. In vivo... 相似文献