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51.
Lando Gabriele Gomez-Laserna Olivia Proverbio Edoardo Khaskhoussi Amani Iannazzo Daniela Plutino Maria Rosaria De Stefano Concetta Bretti Clemente Cardiano Paola 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(37):51072-51087
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This work is focused on the design and preparation of polymer inclusion membranes (PIMs) for potential applications for stannous cation sequestration... 相似文献
52.
Errazquin Diego Mohamadou Aminou Dupont Laurent De Gaetano Yannick García Cristina B. Lomba Laura Giner Beatriz 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(46):65374-65384
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This work studies the effects of different bromide-based ionic liquids, with phosphonium and ammonium cations, towards several environmental... 相似文献
53.
Antonella?De?DonnoEmail author Tiziana?Grassi Francesco?Bagordo Adele?Idolo Francesca?Serio Giovanni?Gabutti 《Food and environmental virology》2012,4(2):81-88
The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that shellfish can be used to detect enteric viruses in marine waters where they
are present at very low concentrations. Aqua-cultured mussels were placed in the sea just off the mouth of a drainage channel
affected by human and animal faecal contamination. Samples were taken from the channel, the sea and the mussels at intervals
over two 4-week periods. The samples were tested to verify the presence of both rotaviruses and E. coli. Rotaviruses were detected by Real Time-PCR, typed by multiplex PCR and subsequently sequenced. E. coli was enumerated in water matrices by a filtering method and in mussels by the MPN method. The presence of E. coli in the examined matrices demonstrates contamination of faecal origin throughout the studied environments. Rotaviruses were
recorded in channel waters, but not in sea water. In both experiments, rotaviruses were detected in mussels 21 and 28 days
after being placed in the sea water off the channel mouth. The use of mussels thus enabled the detection of rotaviruses in
waters where the high dilution rendered direct investigation impossible. This study indicates that mussels can be used in
marine virological surveillance programs. 相似文献
54.
Steven De Gryze Juhwan LeeStephen Ogle Keith PaustianJohan Six 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2011,144(1):150-158
We predicted changes in yields and direct net soil greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes from converting conventional to alternative management practices across one of the world's most productive agricultural regions, the Central Valley of California, using the DAYCENT model. Alternative practices included conservation tillage, winter cover cropping, manure application, a 25% reduction in N fertilizer input and combinations of these. Alternative practices were evaluated for all unique combinations of crop rotation, climate, and soil types for the period 1997-2006. The crops included were alfalfa, corn, cotton, melon, safflower, sunflower, tomato, and wheat. Our predictions indicate that, adopting alternative management practices would decrease yields up to 5%. Changes in modeled SOC and net soil GHG fluxes corresponded to values reported in the literature. Average potential reductions of net soil GHG fluxes with alternative practices ranged from −0.7 to −3.3 Mg CO2-eq ha−1 yr−1 in the Sacramento Valley and −0.5 to −2.5 Mg CO2-eq ha−1 yr−1 for the San Joaquin Valley. While adopting a single alternative practice led to modest net soil GHG flux reductions (on average −1 Mg CO2-eq ha−1 yr−1), combining two or more of these practices led to greater decreases in net soil GHG fluxes of up to −3 Mg CO2-eq ha−1 yr−1. At the regional scale, the combination of winter cover cropping with manure application was particularly efficient in reducing GHG emissions. However, GHG mitigation potentials were mostly non-permanent because 60-80% of the decreases in net soil GHG fluxes were attributed to increases in SOC, except for the reduced fertilizer input practice, where reductions were mainly attributed to decreased N2O emissions. In conclusion, there are long-term GHG mitigation potentials within agriculture, but spatial and temporal aggregation will be necessary to reduce uncertainties around GHG emission reductions and the delivery risk of the associated C credits. 相似文献
55.
Bogers R De Vries-Buitenweg S Geuijen I van de Waart B Kuiper R Van Der Linden S Puijker L Murk A Van Der Burg B Legler J 《Environment international》2007,33(3):292-301
Adult male fathead minnow were exposed for 14 or 28-days under flow-through conditions to undiluted filtered water samples from the rivers Meuse and Rhine in the Netherlands. The experiment included two vessels per treatment each containing 10 fish and samples of five fish were taken after 14 and 28 days. Additional groups were exposed to 17alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) as a reference and untreated drinking water as a negative control. Major endpoints examined included induction of vitellogenin (VTG) synthesis, VTG mRNA activity, hepato- and gonadosomatic indices (HSI and GSI) and gonadal histology. No significant difference was recorded in body weight or mean GSI values between the various treatments. Only exposure to Meuse water resulted in significantly higher HSI means after 14 days. Histological examination showed no apparent effects on gonadal tissue except for eosinophilic blood plasma in fish exposed to Meuse water or EE2. After 14 and 28 days, elevated VTG and VTG mRNA levels were measured in most livers of the fish exposed to Meuse water, but not in the fish exposed to Rhine water. This was confirmed by measuring estrogenic responses in the in vitro ER CALUX assay. Induction of VTG synthesis proved to be the most sensitive endpoint in the Non Spawning Male Fish Assay for in vivo detection of bio-available estrogenic activity supplementary to a sensitive in vitro assay. The other endpoints examined varied too much and required a higher number of fish or replicates to achieve sufficient power for statistical testing making them less animal friendly. 相似文献
56.
Meeta Lavani Priyangshu M. Sarm Ajoy K. Man Simrita Cheem Banwari La 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(8):1394-1402
We compared the efficacy of a natural biocide with four chemical tetrakishydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfonate, benzyl trimethyl
ammonium chloride, and formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, to control microbial induced corrosion in oil pipelines. The efficacy of biocides
were monitored against Desulfovibrio vulgaris and Desulfovibrio gigas in experimental pipes by measuring cell counts, H2S production,
Fe(II) production, production of extracellular polymeric substances and structure of biofilm. The treatment with cow urine had minimum
planktonic cell counts of 3 102 CFU/mL as well as biofilm cell counts of 9 101 CFU/mL as compared with tetrakishydroxyl methyl
phosphonium sulfonate, benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde. Sulfide production was the lowest
with cow urine (0.08 mmol/L), followed by tetrakishydroxymethyl phosphonium sulfonate 0.72 mmol/L. On day 90 of treatment,
Fe(II) production was also found to be the lowest with cow urine. The scanning electron microscopic studies indicated that the biofilm
bacteria were killed by cow urine. These results demonstrate the cow urine mediated control of microbially induced corrosion, and this
is indicative of its potential as a viable substitute of toxic biocides. To the best of our knowledge, this seems to be the first report which
screens possible biocidal activity by cow urine as compared to the most common biocides which oil industry is currently using. 相似文献
57.
58.
室内空气质量问题已经成为社会各界广泛关注的问题,如何有效地控制室内污染、改善室内空气质量是目前急待解决的问题.文章介绍了室内空气污染的特点、种类和来源,以及对人体的危害,并对传统方法如污染源控制、加强通风透气、植物净化等方法进行了探讨,另外还介绍了目前几种先进的室内环境净化处理技术及各技术的优缺点,进而对室内空气净化技术的发展趋势进行了展望. 相似文献
59.
A. Béji-Hamza H. Khélifi-Gharbi M. Hassine-Zaafrane S. Della Libera M. Iaconelli M. Muscillo S. Petricca A. R. Ciccaglione R. Bruni S. Taffon M. Equestre M. Aouni G. La Rosa 《Food and environmental virology》2014,6(4):246-252
Hepatitis A causes substantial morbidity in both industrialized and non-industrialized countries and represents an important health problem in several southern Mediterranean countries. The objectives of the study were as follows: (a) to assess the occurrence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in Tunisia through the monitoring of urban wastewaters collected at wastewater treatment plants (WTPs); (b) to characterize environmental strains; and (c) to estimate the viral load in raw and treated sewages, in order to evaluate the potential impact on superficial waters receiving discharges. A total of 150 raw and treated wastewaters were collected from three WTPs and analyzed by both qualitative (RT-PCR/nested) and quantitative (qRT-PCR) methods. Of these, 100 (66 %) were found to be positive for HAV by the qualitative assay: 68.3 % in influents and 64.7 % in effluents. The vast majority of HAV sequences belonged to sub-genotype IA, with 11 different strains detected found to be identical to clinical strains isolated from Tunisian patients with acute hepatitis. Five unique variants were also detected, not previously reported in clinical cases. Only two IB strains were found, confirming the rarity of this sub-genotype in this country. The results of the present study indicate a wide circulation of the pathogen in the population, most probably in the form of asymptomatic infections, a finding consistent with the classification of the country as having intermediate/high endemicity. Quantitative data showed high viral loads in influents (3.5E+05 genome copies/liter, mean value) as well as effluents (2.5E+05 genome copies/liter, mean value), suggesting that contaminated water could be a critical element in transmission. 相似文献
60.
Marco Basile Antonio Romano Andrea Costa Mario Posillico Daniele Scinti Roger Aldo Crisci Ranieri Raimondi Tiziana Altea Vittorio Garfì Giovanni Santopuoli Marco Marchetti Sebastiano Salvidio Bruno De Cinti Giorgio Matteucci 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2017,104(9-10):80
Many small terrestrial vertebrates exhibit limited spatial movement and are considerably exposed to changes in local environmental variables. Among such vertebrates, amphibians at present experience a dramatic decline due to their limited resilience to environmental change. Since the local survival and abundance of amphibians is intrinsically related to the availability of shelters, conservation plans need to take microhabitat requirements into account. In order to gain insight into the terrestrial ecology of the spectacled salamander Salamandrina perspicillata and to identify appropriate forest management strategies, we investigated the salamander’s seasonal variability in habitat use of trees as shelters in relation to tree features (size, buttresses, basal holes) and environmental variables in a beech forest in Italy. We used the occupancy approach to assess tree suitability on a non-conventional spatial scale. Our approach provides fine-grained parameters of microhabitat suitability and elucidates many aspects of the salamander’s terrestrial ecology. Occupancy changed with the annual life cycle and was higher in autumn than in spring, when females were found closer to the stream in the study area. Salamanders showed a seasonal pattern regarding the trees they occupied and a clear preference for trees with a larger diameter and more burrows. With respect to forest management, we suggest maintaining a suitable number of trees with a trunk diameter exceeding 30 cm. A practice of selective logging along the banks of streams could help maintain an adequate quantity of the appropriate microhabitat. Furthermore, in areas with a presence of salamanders, a good forest management plan requires leaving an adequate buffer zone around streams, which should be wider in autumn than in spring. 相似文献