Substrate-induced changes in microbial community-level physiological profiles and their application to discriminate soil microbial communities

The addition of simple substrates could affect the microbial respiration in soils. This substrate-induced respiration is widely used to estimate the soil microbial biomass, but little attention has been paid to its influence on the changes of community-level physiological profiles. In this study, the process of microbial communities responding to the added substrate using sole-carbon-source utilization （BIOLOG） was investigated. BIOLOG is biased toward fast-growing bacteria; this advantage was taken to detect the prompt response of the active microbial communities to the added substrate. Four soil samples from agricultural fields adjacent to heavy metal mines were amended with L-arginine, citric acid, or D-glucose. Substrate amendments could, generally, not only increase the metabolic activity of the microbial communities, but also change the metabolic diverse patterns compared with no-substrate control. By tracking the process, it was found that the variance between substrate-induced treatment and control fluctuated greatly during the incubation course, and the influences of these three substrates were different. In addition, the application of these induced changes to discriminate soil microbial communities was tested. The distance among all samples was greatly increased, which further showed the functional variance among microbial communities in soils. This can be very useful in the discrimination of microbial communities even with high similarity.     

Effects of mobile phone use on driving performance in a multiresource workload scenario

Objective: This study explores the influence of mobile phone secondary tasks on driving from the perspective of visual, auditory, cognitive, and psychomotor (VACP) multiple resource theory, and it is anticipated to benefit the human-centered design of mobile phone use while driving.

Methods: The present study investigated 6 typical phone use scenarios while driving and analyzed the effects of phone use distractions on driving performance. Thirty-six participants were recruited to participate in this experiment. We abandoned traditional secondary tasks such as conversations or dialing, in which cognitive resources can become interference. Instead, we adopted an arrow secondary task and an n-back delayed digit recall task.

Results: The results show that all mobile phone use scenarios have a significant influence on driving performance, especially on lateral vehicle control. The visual plus psychomotor resource occupation scenario demonstrated the greatest deterioration of driving performance, and there was a significant deterioration of driving speed and steering wheel angle once the psychomotor resource was occupied.

Conclusions: Phone use distraction leads to visual, cognitive, and/or motor resource functional limitations and thus causes lane violations and traffic accidents.     

EDTAD-modified cassava stalks loaded with Fe3O4: highly efficient removal of Pb2+ and Zn2+ from aqueous solution

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, a novel magnetic cassava stalk composite (M-EMCS) was prepared through modification with ethylenediamine tetraacetic anhydride (EDTAD)...     

斜坡地形CO2扩散规律相似试验研究

基于相似性原理,在不同坡度(0°、20°、30°、45°)及不同地面粗糙度(木质地面、土质地面)条件下进行了小尺寸的CO2泄漏试验,研究坡度和地面粗糙度对CO2泄漏扩散的影响,为全尺寸现场CO2泄漏试验提供参考。结果表明:坡度的存在对CO2扩散产生了较为明显的影响,坡度越大,斜坡上体积分数梯度越大,坡度小于20°时,对CO2扩散影响几乎无影响,坡度大于30°时,影响开始凸显;与无坡度的平面扩散相比,斜坡下方出现明显的CO2聚集区域,坡度越大,聚集现象越明显,体积分数分布越平均;地面粗糙度的增加使整体CO2体积分数有明显的上升,泄漏口附近(0.25 m)体积分数上升最为明显,整个泄漏场浓度分布更加平均,浓度梯度更小;此外,地面粗糙度的增加一定程度上抑制了泄漏过程的卷吸效应。     

生态意识变迁的考察与草地畜牧业可持续发展--以内蒙古锡林郭勒退化草地为例

目前，内蒙古草地生态环境破坏严重。且总体上呈不断恶化的态势。这种状况的持续不仅严重影响和翻约着本地区经济和社会的总体发展。同时也威胁着包括北京在内的整个华北地区的生态安全。其内在的深层次的根源就在于包括生态意识在内的人们的文化价值观发生了“扭曲”。本文针对锡林郭勒退化草地现状与历史的分析．揭示了其中的文化特征与哲学内涵．并且指出生态意识的确立和生态文化的形成对于保护草地、建设草地的现实意义。     

遗产保护与遗产旅游双赢的制度选择

中国遗产保护与遗产旅游面临两难境地。在正确认识中国国情及遗产资源特殊性的前提下。遵循相关原则。对遗产地进行明确的功能分区、对遗产单位与非遗产单位给予明确的职能界定、对遗产区内外的经营项目作出具体的性质区分与经营归属安排。是遗产保护与遗产旅游双赢制度选择的核心内容。遗产单位负责遗产区内的非营利性旅游展示类服务；非遗产单位(包括旅游公司)负责遗产区外的营利性旅游事务经营及遗产区内的营利性特许经营。国家设立专门的遗产行政部门，进而加强政府规制、增强遗产管理的权威性。认真履行制度。     

Cooperative analysis of infrastructure perfection and residents’ living standards in poverty-stricken counties in Qinghai Province

Environment, Development and Sustainability - The western region of China has always been the main battlefield for poverty alleviation. It is essential to explore the interaction mechanism between...     

国际贸易中环境保护介改的成因与对策

从环境成本内部化、绿色消费需求和贸易壁垒创新的角度阐述了国际贸易中环境保护介入的成因，并提出了若干对策。     

中国电力行业可持续发展研究

能源问题是可持续发展研究中的重点之一.目前电力是应用最广泛、最方便、最清洁的一种二次能源.在分析中国电力行业的发展概况,对未来电力需求作出预测,并总结了目前中国电力行业的供给情况,提出当前电力行业存在的结构不合理、产能过剩、电网建设滞后等问题;并以此为基础,从提高经济与环境协同度的角度出发,针对电力行业的结构调整提出发展水电核电的建议,最后探讨了在电力行业中发展清洁生产和循环经济,旨在对中国电力行业的可持续发展作出初步研究.     

基于可持续发展的临沂市耕地利用研究

本文在分析临沂市耕地利用现状及存在问题的基础上，根据该市耕地特点提出了耕地可持续利用的对策。