敌敌畏在土壤中吸附特性的研究

研究了敌敌畏在2种土壤(东胜土壤和杭锦2#土)中的吸附特性,观察了土壤的性质如w(有机质),w(粘粒),CEC,pH和离子强度等因素对吸附的影响.结果表明:敌敌畏在2种土壤中的吸附过程符合一级动力学规律,可用线性等温式描述,分配常数Kd分别为0.119 0和0.369 3 mL/g;敌敌畏在杭锦2#土中的吸附量比较大,在东胜土壤中的吸附速率比较快.土壤性质与分配常数的相关分析发现:支配敌敌畏在土壤中吸附的主要因素是pH和离子强度,随着pH的增加和离子强度的降低,敌敌畏在2种土壤中的吸附量增大.      

基于人工神经网络的造纸废水处理动态仿真

研究了人工神经网络对废纸造纸废水处理过程动态仿真的可行性,采用误差反向传播网络(BP网)建立了表征原水COD、加药量、进水流量、历史出水COD与预计出水COD之间复杂关系的动态模型,并对不同训练方法进行了比较,发现带有动态调整的方法具有较好的效果,其模型的计算输出值与过程的实际输出值具有较好的一致性.对造纸厂现场排放的废水的实验表明,该模型可用于废纸造纸废水处理的动态描述.     

新资源要素和经济增长发展理论

传统三要素资源观过于狭窄,在当代,新的资源要素应当被概括进增长和发展模型中去。当区别“增长型”资源和“发展型”资源后,增长和发展就在一般资源理论基础之上统一起来。     

Effects of floaters on the free surface profiles of river flows

Environmental Fluid Mechanics - The presence of floaters should be taken into account when dealing with hydraulic analyses, e.g. when boats are moored along the river banks or large wood is...     

Exploring the metal phytoremediation potential of three <Emphasis Type="Italic">Populus alba</Emphasis> L. clones using an in vitro screening

Purpose  

This work was planned for providing a useful screening tool for the selection of Populus alba clones suitable for phytoremediation techniques. To this aim, we investigated variation in arsenic, cadmium, copper, and zinc tolerance, accumulation and translocation in three poplar clones through an in vitro screening. Poplars have been widely proposed for phytoremediation, as they are adaptable to grow on contaminated areas and able to accumulate metals. The investigation of possible differences among poplar clones in metal tolerance and accumulation deserves to be deeply studied and exploited for the selection of the more suitable tool for phytoremediation purposes.     

The effectiveness and heterogeneity of carbon emissions trading scheme in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Some developed economies have run emission trading scheme (ETS) to mitigate carbon emissions. However, we know little about the effectiveness and...     

饮用水源地生态环境现场监察技术研究

准确快速地确定生态监察目标,以信息化的手段辅助现场执法以提高现场环境执法效能,是饮用水源地生态环境监察的关键.基于高空间分辨率卫星数据,在构建饮用水源地生态环境监察分类体系的基础上,实现了利用卫星数据提取水源保护区的风险源信息,并对水源地所有风险源实现空间定位和准确统计.基于卫星数据和平板电脑,结合遥感技术、地理信息技术和定位技术,开发了水源地保护区现场执法系统,实现了现场数据的快速采集和“图属”一体化的业务集成,该系统可为水源地生态环境现场监察提供有利的技术手段.     

The consequences of unexpected emotional sounds on driving behaviour in risky situations

Recent development of systems for assisted driving has raised questions about what features of the stimuli perceived by a driver may improve driving behaviour and road safety. The present study aimed to uncover whether emotional auditory stimuli can affect risky behaviour in hazardous situations. Forty-nine volunteers rode a motorcycle in a virtual environment and went through a number of preset risky scenarios, some of which were cued by a sound (a beep, a positive emotional sound or a negative sound). Results showed that hearing the beep reduced the frequency of accidents in the upcoming risky situation, while the emotional cues did not. Likewise, the beep induced the drivers to decrease their speed and focus their gaze on relevant areas of the visual field, while the emotional sounds did not. These results suggest that auditory warning systems for vehicles should avoid using emotion-laden sounds, as their affective content might diminish their utility to increase driving alertness. These findings could provide important information for the development of new advanced driver assistance systems and in general for the specification of future Human–Machine-Interaction design guidelines.     

Recycling-oriented characterization of polyolefin packaging waste

Packaging waste is one of the main sources of secondary polyolefins. It is essential to characterize polyolefins derived from this waste stream in such way, that not only mechanical sorting methods can effectively separate, but also that on-line sensor systems can quantitatively assess their distribution. The characterization methodology is hierarchical, relating all properties of waste particles in any phase of the processing ultimately to the input End-Of-Life products. The present paper documents a pre-concentrate obtained by hand picking of mixed Romanian household waste. Investigations have been addressed to identify the composition of this polyolefin waste stream, to study the polyolefin density distribution, to distinguish the polymer manufacturing methods (i.e. injection molding and blow molding) by flake physical properties and finally to perform all the required characterization and identification by hyperspectral imaging. On the basis of these analyses, polyolefins from packaging wastes can be recycled by density separation and their rheological properties and wall thickness indicate the molding procedures. Hyperspectral imaging based procedures have been also applied to set up quality control actions for recycled products.     

响水风电基础地震动参数选取及抗震性能分析

响水风电场位于江苏省响水沿海滩涂地区,是国内目前单体较大的风电项目。本风电场是Ⅳ类场地条件对抗震不利,因此有必要对基础抗震性能进行验算。首先选取不同地震动参数进行了对比计算,计算表明根据风电场场区地形地貌、区域地质条件确定的地震动参数,考虑土层特性后,地震作用放大较多。然后针对在多遇地震和基本烈度地震两种情况下,综合考虑波浪力、风荷载的联合作用,对风电基础进行抗震验算,计算表明多遇地震烈度时,可满足现行建筑结构抗震规范的要求。基本烈度地震时,结构的应力、内力及其墩台处位移均满足抗震要求,但泥面处位移超过限制要求,泥面位移控制是抗震设计的主要目标。