油库火灾危害分析

运用“池火灾伤害模型”,对某油库汽油罐火灾危害程度进行分析,得出火灾危害程度与事故原点距离之间的关系,为油库安全运营提供参考。     

EDTA-2Na盐除垢与清洗液循环利用的实验研究

利用锅炉行业以及石油化工行业除垢的经验,结合稀土行业的实际情况,提出了稀土湿法冶金行业蒸发器结垢的技术处理,选用EDTA-2Na(乙二胺四乙酸二钠)除垢剂。实验表明,使用EDTA-2Na盐除垢的最优反应条件为质量浓度不小于50 g/L、反应温度控制在70℃、反应时间控制在4 h、pH值控制在13~14(碱度在0.1~0.5 mol/L)之间,反应量控制在1 L除垢液处理10 g结垢物;若使用盐酸配合EDTA-2Na盐除垢,建议先使用盐酸(浓度为5 mol/L)再使用EDTA-2Na溶液;清洗废液再生的最优条件应为pH值调至3.5,再补加一定量(20%)的EDTA-2Na除垢剂,可以达到清洗液的要求并实现循环利用,效果显著。     

Feeding and reproductive behaviour in fallow bucks (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Dama dama</Emphasis>)

Observations on individually marked fallow deer (Dama dama) in central Italy were performed over 2 years in order to analyse time budgets of four age and sex classes. The aim was to test whether feeding activity was influenced by mating activity, forage quality or physiological constraints during the rut. Only adult males (bucks) completely ceased feeding during the rutting season, well before the actual start of mating behaviour and concurrently with the phenomenon of scent-urination, and spending most of their daily time completely inactive. All other age and sex classes were unaffected in their feeding behaviour by the rutting season. Indeed, females and young males showed a marked increase in grazing in response to an improvement in forage quality from summer to autumn. These results seem to confirm the hypothesis that hypophagia, displayed only by bucks, may be of no adaptive value in itself. On the other hand, it may be a by-product of other physiological processes occurring during the rut, inducing scent-urination, which plays an important role in intraspecific recognition and sexual attraction.     

直接空冷技术原理与组成

文章介绍了发展直接空冷系统的意义和必要性,直接空冷系统的工作原理、组成和特点.     

挥发性有机物光催化降解研究进展

阐述了挥发性有机物（ＶＯＣｓ）光催化降解的基本原理，分析了气相条件下不同ＶＯＣｓ的降解途径以及Ｏ２和Ｈ２Ｏ在光催化反应中的作用、光催化反应过程的传质和动力学规律，提出了反应器设计需要遵循的基本原则，叙述了ＶＯＣｓ光催化降解的催化剂及其换活现象、已研究的ＶＯＣｓ的光催化降解效率、部分物质难光催化降解的原因，讨论了ＶＯＣｓ光催化降解进一步研究的方向和应用前景。     

MBBR泥膜复合系统泥膜竞争关系的影响因素

为探究MBBR泥膜复合硝化系统内泥膜竞争关系，通过小试试验研究了水处理过程中常规因素（污泥浓度、DO、温度、C/N）对MBBR泥膜复合系统硝化效果的影响，分析了系统内污泥容积负荷和移动床生物膜反应器（MBBR，Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor）生物膜容积负荷变化趋势，进而得出泥膜竞争规律.结果表明，MBBR泥膜复合系统容积负荷均大于单一污泥或MBBR生物膜系统的容积负荷.在一定范围内，污泥浓度、DO、温度与MBBR泥膜复合系统容积负荷呈现正相关，且系统内活性污泥在与MBBR生物膜在竞争DO和基质时优势明显，而MBBR生物膜则具有更强的耐低温能力.进水C/N与MBBR泥膜复合系统硝化负荷呈负相关，且活性污泥在应对进水C/N过高时较MBBR生物膜更具优势，MBBR的“镶嵌”则强化了系统SND效果.微生物群落变化显示MBBR泥膜复合系统内的硝化细菌优势菌属为Nitrospira，且悬浮载体生物膜对其富集能力明显高于活性污泥.     

Prenatal diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis I: A special difficulty arising from an unusually low enzyme activity in mother's cells

We investigated a case (1.1.) of the severe form of mucopolysaccharidosis I (Hurler syndrome). Prenatal diagnosis was requested by the parents and the next pregnancy was monitored. We report here a special difficulty arising in this diagnosis due to the low enzyme activity in the mother's cells (10–15 per cent of controls) as well as in amniotic cells and would like to stress the need for studying the index case as well as the parents' enzyme activities in order to be prepared for possible difficulties at prenatal analysis.     

Prenatal diagnosis of haemoglobin disorders by cordocentesis at 12 weeks' gestation

Prenatal diagnosis of haemoglobin disorders is accepted to be a useful procedure to avoid births of infants with homozygous diseases. Advances in sampling and molecular techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and chorionic villus sampling (CVS), have made earlier and safer first-trimester prenatal diagnosis possible. However, these procedures need previous studies of at-risk couples, which can be very time-consuming when a number of different β-thalassaemia mutations occur in the region. We describe the possibility of making a first-trimester prenatal diagnosis by cordocentesis and fetal blood analysis at the 12th week of gestation. We found no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) between β/γ values in fetuses at the 12th and 18th weeks of gestation. In seven affected fetuses aborted at the 12th week of gestation, the diagnosis was confirmed in all cases by PCR analysis. These findings suggest that early cordocentesis could be an alternative procedure to CVS and PCR analysis.     

卷烟包装材料及滤嘴的生物降解性能研究

本研究以目前几种常见的卷烟包装用商标纸、卡纸、铝箔内衬纸、透明塑料薄膜以及卷烟滤嘴为实验材料，采用ATSMD-5338标准方法，进行了为期25天实验。结果表明商标纸、铝箔纸内衬纸和卡纸的生物降解性能比较好，而滤嘴和透明塑料薄膜的生物降解性能比较差。今后研究开发可降解卷烟包装材料应该把重点放在滤嘴和透明塑料薄膜上面。     

植物挥发性物质成分分析及抑菌作用研究

对植物挥发性物质的化学成分及其抵抗微生物的能力以及与生态学相关可能产生的增效作用进行了研究。通过采用活体采气法收集20种园林植物的挥发性物质,利用气质联用仪测定物质成分结果,再进一步做抑菌作用研究。根据测定结果,实验最终确定的抑菌化学成分有:间羟基苯甲酸(m-hydroxybenzoic acid),水杨酸甲酯(methyl salicylate),邻苯二酚(catechol),乙酸(acetic acid),乙醚(acetaldehyde),丙烯酸(acrylic acid),乙硫醚(diethyl sulphide),莰酮-〔2〕(camphanone-2),莰醇-〔2〕(borneol-2)。同时,采用纸片扩散法和MIC(最小抑菌浓度)法对药品进行抑菌实验。结果表明:莰酮-〔2〕(樟脑)的抑菌效果最显著也最全面,水杨酸甲酯的抑菌效果最不显著也最不全面。丙烯酸、邻苯二酚、莰酮—[2]的最佳抑制细菌是金黄色葡萄球菌和酵母菌,质量浓度为0.156×10-3 mg.L-1时即可有效抑制这些微生物的繁殖,可根据这一特点,在医疗、食品中加以运用。从环境生态学角度看,在某些以空气传播的流行性疾病的多发地,特别是在呼吸道疾病曼延的地区,多栽种一些抑菌作用较强的植物(如银杏、香樟、枫香、海桐等),对疾病的控制有很强的现实意义。