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241.
Barbara Neumann Michael Lütz Beatrice Schüpbach Erich Szerencsits 《Regional Environmental Change》2009,9(3):197-207
Spatial modelling of environmental indicators has been well established in landscape ecology and in nature conservation on
regional and national scales over the recent past. Yet, using spatial information as a basis for the coordination of environmental
measures on a trans-national European level reveals several shortcomings and hindrances, ranging from data quality issues
and methodological aspects to discussions on how to define ecological indicators across Europe. This paper analyzes the potential
of spatial modelling for the development and implementation of agri-environmental measures as part of rural development policies,
discussing critical aspects of spatial environmental modelling as well as chances, trends and demands. 相似文献
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Barbara Ruffino Silvia Fiore Maria Chiara Zanetti 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(7):4980-4992
Owing to the extensive use of artificial turfs worldwide, over the past 10 years there has been much discussion about the possible health and environmental problems originating from styrene-butadiene recycled rubber. In this paper, the authors performed a Tier 2 environmental–sanitary risk analysis on five artificial turf sports fields located in the city of Turin (Italy) with the aid of RISC4 software. Two receptors (adult player and child player) and three routes of exposure (direct contact with crumb rubber, contact with rainwater soaking the rubber mat, inhalation of dusts and gases from the artificial turf fields) were considered in the conceptual model. For all the fields and for all the routes, the cumulative carcinogenic risk proved to be lower than 10?6 and the cumulative non-carcinogenic risk lower than 1. The outdoor inhalation of dusts and gases was the main route of exposure for both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances. The results given by the inhalation pathway were compared with those of a risk assessment carried out on citizens breathing gases and dusts from traffic emissions every day in Turin. For both classes of substances and for both receptors, the inhalation of atmospheric dusts and gases from vehicular traffic gave risk values of one order of magnitude higher than those due to playing soccer on an artificial field. 相似文献
244.
Marek Miszczyk Marlena Płonka Katarzyna Bober Alina Pyka Klaudia Pszczolińska 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(10):744-751
The aim of this study was to investigate the similarities and dissimilarities between the pesticide samples in form of emulsifiable concentrates (EC) formulation containing chlorpyrifos as active ingredient coming from different sources (i.e., shops and wholesales) and also belonging to various series. The results obtained by the Headspace Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry method and also some selected physicochemical properties of examined pesticides including pH, density, stability, active ingredient and water content in pesticides tested were compared using two chemometric methods. Applicability of simple cluster analysis and also principal component analysis of obtained data in differentiation of examined plant protection products coming from different sources was confirmed. It would be advantageous in the routine control of originality and also in the detection of counterfeit pesticides, respectively, among commercially available pesticides containing chlorpyrifos as an active ingredient. 相似文献
245.
High-resolution satellite locations were obtained from striped marlin using Argos transmitters attached to the upper lobe
of the caudal fin. Twenty-six striped marlin were tagged off New Zealand (2005–2007) and tracked as far as the central Pacific
Ocean. Caudal fin mounted Argos tags generated 1,524 locations during a total of 659 tracking days [mean 25 (±21.24) days
per fish and 2.3 (±2.30) locations per day]. 38% of locations have an estimated accuracy of ±1 km or better. Displacement
rates from high quality locations ranged from 2.9 to 170.8 km in a 24 h period, with a mode at 20–30 km and a mean of 45 km/day.
The caudal fin attachment methodology and antenna configuration was adjusted each season to improve transmission life and
data quality, with the best results obtained in the last year of deployments (2007). The longest track duration was 102 days,
with a total displacement of 4,959 km and a total track distance from all locations received of 6,850 km. Tag shedding and
antenna failure appear to have limited the duration of tracks from SPOT tags. The high temporal and spatial resolution data
revealed behaviours not previously observed in striped marlin, including associations to subsurface bathymetric features.
High resolution location data such as these are useful inputs for statistical models used to investigate habitat selection
and switching between different behavioural modes. The geolocations calculated using ukfsst estimates from PAT tag data had
RMS errors of 1.01° latitude and 0.59° longitude when compared with SPOT tag Argos locations. 相似文献
246.
Katarzyna H. Kucharzyk Ronald L. Crawford Barbara Cosens Thomas F. Hess 《Journal of environmental management》2009,90(2):303-310
Perchlorate, an anion that originates as a contaminant in ground and surface waters, is both naturally occurring and manmade. Because of its toxicity, there has been increased interest in setting drinking water safety standards and in health effects when perchlorate is present at low (parts per billion (ppb)) levels. In January 2009, the EPA issued a heath advisory to assist state and local officials in addressing local contamination of perchlorate in drinking water. The interim health advisory level of 15 micrograms per liter (μg/L), or ppb, is based on the reference dose recommended by the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academy of Sciences (NAS). This paper describes scope and extent of contaminant issues and a legal process of setting standards for perchlorate concentration in drinking water in the United States of America. 相似文献
247.
Barbara Fontaine Marios Drosos Pierluigi Mazzei 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(13):8016-8024
We evaluated the catalytic activity of a water-soluble iron-porphyrin in an oxidative coupling reaction to form covalent bonds between 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and humic molecules. The biomimetic catalysis in the presence of H2O2 was tested in the dark and in daylight, and changes in reaction products were revealed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In all conditions, iron-porphyrin was effective in promoting complete disappearance of 2,4-DCP, although catalyst activity was enhanced in daylight (with a maximum turnover number of 85.13). Further evidence of the occurred covalent coupling between 2,4-DCP and humic molecules was revealed by diffusion-ordered nuclear magnetic resonance (DOSY-NMR) spectroscopy that showed a reduced diffusivity of 2,4-DCP after the catalytic reaction. These findings indicate that iron-porphyrin is an efficient catalyst for the covalent binding of polyhalogenated phenols to humic molecules, thereby suggesting that the copolymerization reactions may become a useful technology to remediate soils and waters contaminated by halogenated phenols and their analogues. 相似文献
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