生物滤塔处理VOCs的挂膜启动方法研究

通过中试规模的生物滤塔的两种填料挂膜方法的试验研究 ,表明填料接种后可以直接装入生物滤塔 ,进行直接通气挂膜 ,该方法符合生物膜在载体表面的固定机理和形成过程 ,可在较短的时间内完成系统启动。本文同时论述了影响挂膜的几个因素     

Nitrogen Export from an Agriculture Watershed in the Taihu Lake Area, China

Temporal changes in nitrogen concentrations and stream discharge, as well as sediment and nitrogen losses from erosion plots with different land uses, were studied in an agricultural watershed in the Taihu Lake area in eastern China. The highest overland runoff loads and nitrogen losses were measured under the upland at a convergent footslope. Much higher runoff, sediment and nitrogen losses were observed under upland cropping and vegetable fields than that under chestnut orchard and bamboo forest. Sediment associated nitrogen losses accounted for 8–43.5% of total nitrogen export via overland runoff. N lost in dissolved inorganic nitrogen forms (NO ₃ ^– -N + NH ₄ ⁺ -N) accounted for less than 50% of total water associated nitrogen export. Agricultural practices and weather-driven fluctuation in discharge were main reasons for the temporal variations in nutrient losses via stream discharge. Significant correlation between the total nitrogen concentration and stream discharge load was observed. Simple regression models could give satisfactory results for prediction of the total nitrogen concentrations in stream water and can be used for better quantifying nitrogen losses from arable land. Nitrogen losses from the studied watershed via stream discharge during rice season in the year 2002 were estimated to be 10.5 kg N/ha using these simple models.     

焦炭填料生物滤床净化VOC研究

采用焦炭为填料的生物滤床降解苯乙烯废气，试验过程中对焦炭进行循环挂膜，发现焦炭对苯乙烯这样的挥发性有机物（VOC）初期以吸附作用为主，随着生物膜的长成生物降解作用逐渐占有优势，表现为对苯乙烯的去除效率稳定在35％－55％左右。     

有机化合物光解实验室模拟测定法

本文介绍一种研究有机化合物在大气中（流化床法）水体中（水溶液法）的光解行为实验室模拟方法，选择氙灯和汞灯作为模拟光源。叙述了方法的原理，步骤和计算方法，给出了实例和注意事项。     

垃圾堆肥高效纤维素分解菌的筛选与培育技术

从堆肥、马粪、果园土、污泥等20个样品中，分离筛选出3株对滤纸分解旺盛的纤维素分解菌：C1、C2、C3，并外购康氏木霉、白腐菌、变色栓菌一起作为出发株，经紫外诱变处理后，在含葡萄糖的产酶培养基平板上筛选到能形成较大透明圈的突变株，并进行CMC酶活、微晶纤维素酶活及天然粗纤维分解能力测定。实验结果证明白腐菌经紫外线照射60s诱变而得的C16不仅透明圈大，CMC酶活高（60.08U/mL）是出发株的2倍，而且其对天然粗纤维分解能力强，10d分解率达35％。     

关于确定大气混合层高度的几种方法

本文阐述了大气混合层高度研究在环境保护中的作用，论述了大气混合层高度确定的几种方法，分析了各种方法的特点及应用前景，同时也讨论了目前在我国大气混合层高度研究中提出的一些新方法。     

贵州百花湖沉积物中磷的再迁移作用

本文通过百花湖沉积物柱芯不同化学相磷含量分布，孔隙水地球化学及早期成岩模式和通量估算等研究，揭示了磷在早期成岩过程中迁移，转化和富集规律，揭示某些湖泊表层沉积物几厘米磷蓄积浓度的增加与磷在早期成岩过程中的行为有关。     

Organochlorine pesticides (DDTs and HCHs) in soils from the outskirts of Beijing, China

Concentrations of HCH (hexachlorocyclohexane) and DDT (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) were determined in shallow subsurface (5-30 cm depth) and deep soil layers (150-180 cm depth) from the outskirts of Beijing, China. Concentrations of total HCHs (including alpha, beta, gamma, delta-isomers) and total DDTs (including p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDD, o,p'-DDT) in shallow subsurface soils ranged from 1.36 to 56.61 ng/g dw (median 5.25 ng/g), and from 0.77 to 2178 ng/g (median 38.66 ng/g), respectively, and those in the deeper layers were approximately an order of magnitude less. The spatial distribution of HCHs and DDTs reflected the known historical usage of these pesticides. No correlation between the concentrations of pesticides and soil organic matter content or clay content can be found. The factors affecting residue levels and compositions of DDT and HCH were discussed. The contour maps of beta/gamma ratios and DDT/DDE ratios for both the shallow subsurface and deep layer soils were drawn.     

富伦纸业污染治理成果的启示

本文报道了富伦纸业通过工艺与设备的调整与改造，工艺全程控制与末端综合治理，不但治理了环境污染，还获得了一定的经济效益。     

水体中有机污染物自然降解研究进展

水体中有机污染物的自然降解是影响污染物在环境中归趋过程的一个重要机制,一直是环境界研究的重点。归纳了水体中有机污染物自然降解的研究现状和研究方法,并以生物降解和光降解为例,指出目前在自然降解实验研究设计方面值得关注的一些问题。